12 MANUAL OF THE MOLLUSCA. 
of Africa to Easter Island in the Pacific, embracing three-fifths 
of the circumference of the globe and 45° of latitude. This 
ereat region might, indeed, be subdivided into a number of 
smaller provinces, each haying a particular association of species 
and some peculiar shells, such as the Red Sea, the Persian Gulf, 
Madagascar, &c.; but a considerable number of species are 
found throughout the province, and their general character is 
the same.* Mr. Cuming obtained more than 100 species of 
shells from the eastern coast of Africa, identical with those 
collected by himself at the Philippines, and in the eastern coral 
islands of the Pacific.t This is pre-eminently the region of 
coral reefs, and of such shell-fish as affect their shelter. The 
number of species inhabiting it must amount to several thou- 
sands. The Philippine Islands have afforded the greatest 
variety, but their apparent superiority is due, in a measure, to 
the researches of Mr. Cuming; no other portion of the province 
has been so thoroughly explored.t{ 
Amongst the genera most characteristic of the Indo-Pacific, 
those marked (*) are wholly wanting on the coasts of the At- 
lantic, but half of them occur fossil in the older tertiaries of 
Europe. Those in italics are also found on the west coast of 
America. 
*Nautilus. 4Magilus. Stomatella. Hemicardium. 
* Pferoceras. *Melo. Gena. *Cypricardia. 
*Rimella. Mitra. *Broderipia. *Cardilia. 
*Rostellaria, *Cylindra. *Rimula. * Verticordia. 
*Seraphs. *Imbricaria. *Neritopsis. *Pythina. 
Conus. Ovulum. *Scutellina. Circe. 
Fleurotoma. * Pyrula (type). *Linteria. *Clementia. 
*Cithara. *Monoptygma, *Dolabella. *Glaucomya. 
* Clavella. Phorus. *Hemipecten. *Merée. 
*Turbinella (typ.) Siliquaria. *Placuna. Anatinella. 
Cyllene. ¥Quoyia. *Malleus. Cultellus. 
Eburna. *Tectaria. *Vulsella. *Anatina, 
Phos. Imperator. *Pedum. *Cheena. 
Dolium. Monodonta. * Septifer. *Aspergillum, 
Harpa. Delphinula. *Cucullea, *Jouannetia. 
*Ancillaria, Liotia. *Hippopus. * Lingula. 
eRicinuia. *Stomatia. *Tridacna. Discina. 
The strictly littoral species vary on each great line of coast: 
for example, Littorina intermedia and Tectaria pagodus occur on 
* See Mrs. Somerville’s Physical Geography, ii. p. 233. 
7 Journal Geol. Soc. 1846, vol. ii. p. 268. 
t+ Mr. Cuming collected 2,500 species of sea-shells at the Philippines, and estimates 
the total number at 1,000 more. The genera most developed are Conus, 120 sp.; 
Preurotoma, 100; Mitra, 250; Columbella, 40; Cyprea, 50; Natica, 50; Chiton, 30; 
Zellina, 50. 
