PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 10] 
The fresh-water shells belong to the genera Limneza, Physa, 
2 species (not found on the Continent); Planorbis, Melania, 
Tanalia 10 (peculiar), Paludomus, Bithynia, Ampullaria, Neri 
tina, Nayicella, Unio, and Cyrena. 
At the Nicobar Islands are found—Cataulus tortuosus, Heli- 
cina Nicobarica and Pupina Nicobarica. Helix castanea is from 
Sumatra. (Beck.) 
7. CHINA AND JAPAN. 
The few land-snails known from China are cf Indian and 
Lusitanian types; viz.—Helx 20, Nanina 10, Streptaxis 1, 
(Cochin-China), Bulimus 5, Achatina 2, Pupa 1, Clausilia 11, 
Succinea 1, Helicarion 6, Cyclophorus 1, Cyclotus 1, Otopoma 1. 
In the Island of Chusan Dr. Cantor discovered the genera 
Lampania and Incilaria. The most characteristic bivalves are 
Glaucomya Sinensis, and Symphynota plicata; 3 species (or 
varieties) of Cyrena and 9 Corbiculas are described by Deshayes, 
and a Planorbis by Dunker. 
In the Japanese and Loo-choo Islands only 9 species of Helix, 
2 of Nanina, 2 of Clausilia, and 2 of Helicarion haye been 
hitherto obtained. 
8. PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 
The extraordinary richness of these islands has been developed 
mainly by the researches of Mr. Cuming. The Helicidce (above 
300) are inferior in number only to those of Lusitania and the 
Antilles, and vastly superior in size and beauty of colouring. 
The Cyclostomide (55) are not much fewer than in India. Nearly 
all the species are confined to particular islands, and the repeti- 
tion of forms makes it probable that many of them are geogra- 
phical varieties. The climate is equable, with a temperature 
like that of South China (66°—84°), woods are prevalent and 
the rains heayy—all circumstances fayourable to the individual 
abundance of land-snails. 
PIER eves ecisevcsceseasses 160 ClanSia) c cscsecsecess 1 Cyclotus)ecasssccencnee 6 
THRILLS a eecvds'eccece ces 40 VALID eesenseascesatens 18 Megalomastoma ...... 1 
Helicarion P ......00000 3 Cy ClOMUOTUS rss <c00ssce 15 TENNEY pecdenscrhocoonco: 9 
PSHM soetcaseisesvccese 105 Leptopoma ............ TGP ya Helicinaiiesccsecsssses 7 
The Helices belong in great part to the section Callicochlias 
(Ag.) and Helicostyla (mirabilis) Fér. Some with sharply-keeled 
whorls haye been called G'eotrochi (Iberus of Albers). The 
Bulimi are chiefly of the section Orthostylus (Beck), large and 
