CEPHALOPODA. 171 
front by ridges and grooves. Buccal membrane 6-lobed. Arms 
(except the ventral pair) webbed high up. Tentacles long, out- 
side the web, with six rows of dentated cups on their ends. 
Pen short and broad. 
Distribution, 2 species. Mediterranean; in the open sea. 
ONYCHOTEUTHIS, Lichtenstein. Uncinated calamary. 
Litymology, onyx, a claw, and teuthis. 
Type, O. banksii, Leach (— bartlingi?). Pl. IL, fig. 7 and 
fig. 8 (pen). 
Synonyms, ancistroteuthis (Gray). Onychia (Lesueur). 
Pen narrow, with hollow, conical apex. 
Arms with two rows of suckers. T'entacles long and powerful, 
armed with a double series of hooks; and usually haying a 
small group of suckers at the base of each club, which they are 
supposed to unite, and thus use their tentacles in conjunction.* 
Length four inches to two feet. 
The uncinated calamaries are solitary animals, frequenting 
the open sea, and especially the banks of gulf-weed (sargasso). 
O. banksit ranges from Norway to the Cape and Indian Ocean ; 
the rest are confined to warm seas. O. dusswmieri has been taken 
swimming in the open sea, 200 leagues north of the Mauritius. 
Distribution, 8 species. Atlantic, Indian Ocean, Pacific. 
ENOPLOTEUTHIS, D’Orbigny. Armed calamary. 
Etymology, enoplos, armed, and teuthis. 
Type, Ki. smithu, Leach. 
Synonyms, ancistrochirus and abralia (Gray), octopodoteuthis 
(Ruppell), verania (Krohn). 
Pen lanceolate. Arms provided with a double series of horny 
hooks, concealed by retractile webs. Tentacles long and feeble, 
with small hooks at the end. Length (excluding the tentacles) 
from two inches to one foot; but some species attain a larger 
size. In the museum of the College of Surgeons there is an 
arm of the specimen of H. wnguiculata, found by Banks and 
Solander in Cook’s first voyage (mentioned at p. 158), sup- 
posed to have been 6 feet long when perfect. The natives of 
the Polynesian Islands, who dive for shell-fish, have a well- 
founded dread of these formidable creatures. (Owen.) 
Distribution, 10 species. Mediterranean, Pacific, 
Fossil, 1 species. Oolite. 
* The obstetric forceps of Professor Simpson were suggested by the suckers of the 
calamary. 
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