238 MANUAL OF THE MOLLUSCA, 
Distribution, 4 species. Britain, Norway, North America, 
Icy Sea to Kamtschatka. 
Fossil, 8 species. Pliocene—. Britain. 
Sub-genus. Otina (Gray). Y. otis. 
Shell minute, ear-shaped. 
Animal with a simple mantle, and very short tentacles. 
West and south-west British coast ; inhabiting chinks of rocks, 
between tide-marks. (Forbes.) 
Velutina inhabits the laminarian zone, and ranges to 4% 
fathoms. V. levigata is sometimes brought in on the fishermen’s 
lines (off Northumberland), generally adhering to Alcyoniwm 
digitatum (Alder). Dr. Gould obtained it from the stomach of 
fishes. 
CRYPTOCELLA. H. and A. Adams, 1883. 
Shell thin, pellucid, calcareous; spire small; aperture large. 
Faminy I].—PYRAMIDELLIDZA. 
Shell spiral turreted; nucleus minute, sinistral; aperture 
small; columella sometimes with one or more prominent plaits; 
operculum horny, imbricated, nucleus internal. 
Animal with broad, ear-shaped tentacles, often connate; 
eyes behind the tentacles at their bases; proboscis retractile ; 
foot truncated in front; tongue unarmed. Species all marine. 
They are very numerous in the Japanese seas. 
Several genera of fossil shells are provisionally placed in 
this order, from their resemblance to ewlima and chemnitzia.* 
Tornatella, usually placed in or near this family, is opistho- 
branchiate. 
PYRAMIDELLA, Lam. 
Etymology, diminutive of pyranis, a pyramid. 
Synonyms, Obeliscus. Humphrey. (P. dolabrata. Pl. VIII, 
Fig. 11.) Syrnola, Adams, 1860. 
Type, P. auris-cati. Pl. VIII., Fig. 10. 
Shell slender, pointed, with numerous plaited or level whorls ; 
apex sinistral; columella with several plaits; lip sometimes 
furrowed internally ; operculura indented on the inner side to 
adapt it to the columellar plaits. The shell of the typical 
pyramidellz bears some resemblance to cancellaria. 
* “The Pyramidellide present subjects of much interest to the student of extinct 
mollusca; numerous forms, bearing all the aspect of being members of this family, 
occur among the fossils of even the oldest stratified rocks. Many of them are gigantic 
compared with existing species, and the group, as a whole, may be regarded rather ag 
appertaining to past ages than the present epoch,”—Forves. 
