A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 53 



Genus PACHYCONDYLA, Smith. 

 Pachycondyla (pars), Cat. Hymen. Brit. Mus., vol. 6, p. 105, 1858. 



Characters. 



% and ? . Clypeus rounded in front, or obtusely pointed, pro- 

 longed backwards angularly between the frontal carinae. Mandibles 

 sub-triangular, dentate. Eyes situated in the anterior third of the 

 sides of the head. Cheeks not carinated. Pro-mesonotal suture 

 distinct ; meso-epinotal suture obsolete above. Petiole generally 

 with a thick, squarish node. Abdominal constriction usually dis- 

 tinct. Claws simple. 



$ . Head more or less transverse. Clypeus rounded and gibbous 

 in the middle, or broadly carinate. Ocelli large ; eyes very large, 

 occupying nearly the whole of the sides of the head. Prontal 

 carinae very feebly developed or obsolete. Antennae long, scape 

 shorter than the 2nd joint of the flagellum. Pronotum largely ex- 

 posed dorsally. Mesonotum usually with two lateral grooves and 

 Mayrian furrows. Node of petiole compressed laterally and smaller 

 than in the $ . Ventral lamella with a small tooth. Abdominal 

 constriction distinct. Pygidium prolonged into a sharp spine. 

 Claws simple. Wings very broad, the greatest width being only a 

 little less than half the length. 



The genus comprises three sub-genera, viz. Pachycondyla, Ecto- 

 momyrmex and Bothroponera. Of these the first is confined to 

 America, and the 2nd is mainly Asiatic. The following characters 

 distinguish Bothroponera and Ectomomyrmex. 



1. Dorsal surface of the head marked off from the cheeks and the posterior occipital 

 region by a tumid angular margin ; the mesothoracic episternum divided from 

 the sternum in the 5 by a strong suture Ectomomyrmex, Mayr. 



2. Dorsal surface of the head not marked off from the rest by a margin ; meso- 



thoracic episternum fused with the sternum, in the 5 . Bothroponera, Mayr. 



Sub-Genus ECTOMOMYRMEX, Mayr. 



Tidjschr. v. Entom. vol. 10, p. 830, 1867. 



P. (Ectomomyrmex) Brunoi, Forel. 



Deutsch. Ent. Zeitschr. Beiheft, p. 205, g , 1913. 



$. 4-4'G mm. Black, apical segments of abdomen lighter. Legs, 

 frontal carinae and antennae dark yellowish red, the apical halves 

 of the 2nd-10th joints of the flagellum darker, coxae and trochanters 



