[ 325 J 

 XXXVIII. Proceedings of Learned Societies, 



GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



[Continued from p. 154.] 



June 24, 1874. — John Evans, Esq., F.E.S., President, 

 in the Chair. 



^PHE following communications were read : — 

 •*- IS. " The Glacial Phenomena of the Eden Valley and the West- 

 ern Part of the Yorkshire-Dale District," By J. G. Goodchild, Esq. 

 This paper is a continuation, in a northward direction, of the 

 investigation of glacial phenomena which formed the matter of a 

 paper lately read before the Society by Mr. Tiddeman, and pub- 

 lished in the Society's Journal. It gives a detailed description of 

 the district treated of, the occurrence of ice-scratches, glacial erosion, 

 and glacial drift. The author considers that the phenomena re- 

 corded by him could not possibly have been produced by floating 

 ice, and therefore must have been caused by land-ice. In the drift 

 he finds evidence of a flow of ice from the south side of the Scot- 

 tish southern uplands; and the ice which filled the Eden valley 

 seems to have had two opposite directions, the local ice flowing 

 from the high land of the south pressing outwards far to the north 

 of the currents which flowed eastwards — the latter currents of ice 

 going up the Eden valley, but apparently not having ground down 

 the ridges of the high land at the head of the valley. At the 

 same time the author proves that it must have passed over to the 

 lower levels, and that it undoubtedly deepened many of the valleys 

 which happened to lie in its course. He considers that the Scotch 

 ice could not well have exceeded 2400 or 2500 feet in thickness, and 

 finally arrives at the conclusion that angular moraine-like drift 

 of the high ground, the upper and lower tills, the deposits which form 

 the eskers, and the numerous stranded boulders are the result of the 

 melting of a vast thickness of land-ice charged throughout with 

 stones and boulders of nearly every kind of rock occurring within 

 the area in which the body of the ice originated. 



19. " Geological Observations made on a visit to the Chaderkul, 

 Thian-Shan range." By Dr. F. Stoliczka, E.G.S. 



In this paper the author gives an account of the geology of the 

 district traversed by him in his journey from near Kashgar to Lake 

 Chaderkul on the Russian frontier, a distance of about 112 miles, 

 his route lying among the southern branches of the Thian-Shan 

 range. 



Three principal ridges were crossed. The first, or " Artush ridge," 

 consisted of newer Tertiary deposits of bedded clay and sand, mostly 

 of a yellowish-white colour. These " Artush beds " were traced by 

 the author for a distance of 22 miles. The southern slopes of this 

 range were covered with gravel from 10 to 15 feet thick, which 

 passes into a conglomerate with a thickness of about 200 feet. 



The second, or " Kokan range," is formed on the southern side of 



