1873.] JTJDD THE SECONDARY ROCKS OE SCOTLAND. Ill 



natural history, geology, and archaeology of the county from which 

 he derives his title, and of which he is almost the sole proprietor. 

 His Grace the Duke of Sutherland has conferred a great benefit on 

 science ; and the same nobleman has placed myself under deep per- 

 sonal obligations by allowing me the freest access to the various 

 documents and plans which could in any way aid me in carrying on 

 my studies. The kind solicitude in my behalf of His Grace's Factor, 

 Joseph Peacock, of Ehives, demands my warmest acknowledg- 

 ments. To very many local collectors and observers I am indebted 

 for the opportunity of studying their specimens, and for the com- 

 munication of valuable facts. Among these I especially desire to 

 render my warmest thanks to Mr. Grant, of Lossiemouth, the Rev. 

 J. Morrison, of Urquhart, Mr. Martin, of Elgin, Mr. Edward, of 

 Banff, Professor Nicol, of Aberdeen, Mr. Hugh Miller, junior, Miss 

 C. Allardyce, of Cromarty, Mr. Fowler, of Golspie, and Mr. M'Cor- 

 quodale, of Dunrobin. 



But to two local geologists, whose names are well known to this 

 Society, I am laid under still deeper obligations. To the Rev. J. M. 

 Joass, -of Golspie, and the Bev. Dr. Gordon, of Birnie, near Elgin, I 

 am indebted for that constant assistance and ever-ready advice which 

 they are so well qualified to give with regard to their respective dis- 

 tricts, and which is so indispensable to and difficult of attainment 

 by an investigator in a district which is new to him. The kind 

 interest which they have taken in my labours, and their constant solici- 

 tude in seeking to bring useful materials to aid me in the difficult 

 task which I had undertaken, lay me under a debt of gratitude which, 

 though I can never discharge, I yet gladly take the present oppor- 

 tunity of acknowledging. 



The orthography of all local names in the present memoir has 

 been kindly determined for me by my friend Mr. Joass ; but in 

 doing this he has, at my suggestion, consulted the convenience of 

 geologists visiting the country, rather than the strict requirements 

 of Gaelic scholarship. 



In studying the series of fossils from the east of Scotland, many 

 of which are new to science, I have to acknowledge the valuable 

 assistance afforded to me by Mr. Carruthers, Dr. Lycett, Prof. P. 

 M. Duncan, Sir Philip Egerton, Prof. T. Rupert Jones, and Mr. 

 Davidson. The last-mentioned palaeontologist has kindly added a 

 note to this paper on some species of Brachiopoda of especial in- 

 terest ; many other new forms will find a place in monographs, now 

 in course of preparation, on the groups to which they belong ; the 

 remainder will be described, in connexion with new species from 

 the West Coast of Scotland, in a supplement to this memoir. In 

 these pakeontological studies, the assistance of Mr. Etheridge's great 

 experience, always most liberally rendered to me, has been in- 

 valuable. 



II. Physical Relations of the Secondary Rods on the East Coast of 



Scotland. 



The Secondary rocks which arc known to occur in situ on the 



