1873.] JUDD — THE SECONDARY ROCKS OF SCOTLAND. 113 



almost always deeply covered with masses of Boulder-elay, gravels, 

 glacier-moraines, raised beaches, and sand dunes, they are seldom 

 exposed to our observation, except in reefs on the shore or in the 

 deep ravines cut by mountain-torrents. 



The patches of Secondary strata at present known on the east 

 coast of Scotland are as follows, the enumeration proceeding from 

 north to south (see Map, Plate VII.) : — ■ 



Caithness. — I. A small patch forming reefs on the shore a little 

 north of Green Table Point. Age. Upper Oolite. 



Sutherland. — II. Several masses of strata almost continuous, 

 between Green Table Point and Helmsdale. Age. Upper 

 Oolite. 



III. A continuous band of strata between Helmsdale and Allt 

 Chollie (Colyburn). From \-\ mile wide. Age. Upper 

 Oolite. 



IV. A tract extending from Xintradwell to near Golspie. This 

 attains a breadth of more than 2 miles at Brora, and is by 

 far the most important development of the Secondary rocks 

 in the east of Scotland. Age. Prom the Trias to the 

 Upper Oolite (inclusive). 



Ross. — V. A patch of clays seen at low water on the shore at 

 Port-an-Righ, near the mouth of the Guillam Burn, and a 

 little south of Shandwick Bay. It extends for about three- 

 quarters of a mile between two projecting spurs of Old 

 Red Sandstone. Age. Upper part of Middle Oolite. 

 VI. A similar but smaller patch, only half-a-mile south of the 

 last, at a place called Cadh'-an-Righ. Age. Base of Mid- 

 dle Oolite, and top of Lower Oolite. 



Cromartyshire. — VII. Beds similarly exposed on the shore at 

 Eathie Bay over a length of about three quarters of a 

 mile. Age. Upper Oolite. 



Elginshire. — VIII. The ridge of low sandstone hills between Burg- 

 head and Stotfield Head, and part of the ridge three miles 

 to the southward, and on the south side of Loch Spynie. 

 The boundaries of these patches are altogether obscured by 

 drift. Age. Trias and Lower Oolite. 



Besides these points, at which the strata in question are undoubt- 

 edly in situ, there are a number of places scattered through the 

 counties of the north-east of Scotland, especially Elginshire, Banff- 

 shire, and Aberdeenshire, where very numerous fragments of the 

 Secondary rocks have been detected enclosed in the Boulder-clays, 

 which are there so extensively developed ; and from these boulders 

 very considerable and interesting series of Secondary fossils have 

 been obtained. In some cases the transported masses are of enor- 

 mous size, resembling the similar blocks found in the Midland 

 districts of England, and referred to by Prof. Morris* and Prof. 

 Ramsay f, and which will be described in detail in a forthcoming 



* Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. ix. (1853) p. 317. 

 t Ibid. vol. xxvii. (1871) p. 252. 

 VOL. XXIX. PART I. I 



