1373.] HUTT0N — YOUNGER FORMATIONS OF NEW ZEALAND. 377 



genus Struihiolaria makes its first appearance in this group ; but 

 unfortunately the specimens are too imperfect for description of 

 the species. 



Lower Eocene, or Brown-coal Group. 



No marine beds of this age are found in New Zealand. 



Localities for Freshwater formations. — North Island : Coals of 

 Drury, and the Lower Waikato. South Island : Coals of Motupipi ; 

 the Lower Buller ; Morely Creek ; Orepuki ; Clutha River ; Toko- 

 mairiro. 



References. — Hector: Progress Report, 1868-69, p. iv (Morely 

 Creek) ; Parliamentary Papers relating to Coal Mines, 1872, p. 10 

 (Lower Buller Gorge) ; ibid. p. 37 (Otago). Hochstetter, New 

 Zealand, 1867, pp. 58, 59. Hutton, Report on Lower Waikato 

 District, 1867; Geol. Reports, 1871-72, Southland District (/), 

 p. 99. 



Remarks. — The fact that the freshwater Lower Eocene and older 

 Pliocene Coals are brown coals, or lignites, and belong to the 

 hydrous class, while the marine Upper Eocene and Mesozoic Coals 

 are bituminous, and belong to the anhydrous class, is well worthy 

 the notice of chemists. 



MESOZOIC EPOCH. 



Cretaceous Period. 



Daman or Waipara Formation. 



Number of species determined 24 



,, of recent species 



,, passing up into the Ototara group .* 1 



„ passing down into the Kawhia beds 1 



,, confined to the formation 21 



Localities. — North Island : None known. 



South Island : — 



a. Greymouih Group. Pakawau, or "West Whanganni Coal-field ; 

 Collingwood or Aorcre Coal-field ; Mokihinui ; Whangapeka Plant- 

 beds ; Mount Rochfort Coal-field ; Grey Coal-field ; Cobden ; Mount 

 Hamilton Coal, Southland ; Preservation Island ; Culverden. 



I. Malvern-Hills Group. Boby Creek, Waipara ; WekaPass (lower 

 scries) ; Hororata and Selwyn rivers ; Malvern Hills ; Shag Point. 



c. Amuri Group. Amuri Bluff. 



The information is not yet sufficient to say whether any or all 

 of these groups are synchronous or not ; but they are closely con- 

 nected together. 



References. — Buchanan, Geol. Reports, 1866-67, p. 38 (Crag 

 Limestone, a, b). Eorbcs, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. 1855, p. 522 (Pre- 

 servation Island). Haast, Geol. Reports, 1870-71, p. 5; Waipara 

 (1 to 10, or b to/) ; ibid. p. 25, Amuri (3 to 8, 10 a, 10 b, and 10 in 

 part); ibid. 1871-72, Malvern Hills (10 to 16) ; Parliamentary Papers 

 relating to Coal Mines, 1872, p. 22, Shag Point. Hector, Quart. 



