1873.] UUTTON — YOUNGEE EOEMAXIONS UP NEW ZEALAND. 379 



Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. 1855, p. 31 (Granite &c); ibid. 1860, p. 242. 

 Hector, Geol. Reports, 1870-71, p. 88 (Cape-Colville district) ; 

 Trans. K. Z. Inst. iii. p. 278 (AVkite Island). Hochstetter, New 

 Zealand, 1867. Hutton, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. 1869, p. 13. Geol. 

 Reports, 1868-69, p. 1 (Great Barrier Island) ; ibid. p. 15 (Thames 

 Gold-fields) ; ibid. 1870-71, p. 2 (Coromandei). 



South Island. — The Quartzose porphyries of the Malvern Hills 

 and Mount Soruers (?) belong to the Waipara formation. No volcanic 

 action appears to have taken place from this time to the close of the 

 Eocene period. During the Qligocene and Miocene periods it re- 

 commenced on the east side of the Alps, from Dunedin to the Conway 

 river. Banks's Peninsula appears to belong to the youngest of 

 these volcanic outbursts ; but its age has not been ascertained. 



References. — Haast, Geol. Reports, 1871-72, Malvern-Hill district. 

 Hector, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. 1865, p. 125 (o) ; Geol. Reports, 

 1870-71, p. 46, Malvern-Hill district. Hutton, Colonial Museum. 

 Report, 1870-71, p. 19. 



The volcanic rocks of the Chatham Islands belong chiefly to the 

 Hawke's-Bay period ; but some may be younger. 



Discussion. 



Mr. Etheridge remarked on what appeared, from the author's 

 account, to be the great longevity of species in that part of the 

 globe. If the forms had been accurately determined, the percentage 

 that survived from Eocene and Miocene times into the recent period 

 was very far in excess of what survived in Europe. The Belem- 

 nites, if found in Europe in Tertiary beds, would have been regarded 

 as undoubtedly derived from some secondary rock. He hoped that 

 researches in the Australian Miocene rocks might throw some light 

 on this subject, but as yet little had been done. 



Mr. Blanfobd stated that in India, so far as was known, there 

 was a marked distinction to he drawn between the Eocene rocks, 

 which were mostly nummuilitic, and those of Cretaceous age. In 

 illustration of the occurrence of unlooked-for forms, he mentioned 

 the startling fact that Dr. Waagen had lately found Ammonites 

 associated with Goniatites in Carboniferous rocks. 



Prof. T. Rupert Jones recalled the intermingling of Cretaceous 

 and Tertiary genera in the north-western territories of America, 

 and the combination of forms noticed by Mr. Jenkins in Javan 

 strata, where Middle-Tertiary and other shells, which had been 

 regarded as extinct, were found with recent species. 



Prof. Ramsay remarked that when in one part of the world there 

 was unconformity of structure and a break in the sequence of the 

 rocks, there must of necessity have been in some other part 

 an undisturbed area in which the different forms of life would 

 be preserved, and where, therefore, it was probable that the 

 representatives of the transitional period between the unconformable 

 rocks would be found. 



