1873.] BONNEY ALPINE LAKES. 389 



bourhood is readily seen. It is the highest point of a series of 

 limestone ridges, which strike nearly E. and W. (slightly inclining 

 N.N.E. and S.S.W.) and dip sharply towards the S. These parallel 

 ridges, whose summits rise from 5000 feet to 6000 feet, falling 

 rather towards the "W., may be traced from the Traunstein, E. of 

 the Traunsee, to the Schober (4366 feet), W. of the Schaffberg, 

 across the massif of the Hollen and Hoch Lecken Gebirge, N. of 

 Ischl. They are composed of Hauptdolomit and Dachsteinkalk, 

 and form the outer part of the Alpine region proper. N. of them, 

 rounded hills, without cliffs and thickly wooded, fall gradually down 

 from elevations of about 3000 feet to the wide expanse of the 

 Bavarian plain. In these* also the same general parallelism may 

 be detected ; but their rounded outlines are in marked contrast with 

 the grand northern scarps and steep southern slopes of the limestone 

 ranges. Among the numerous lakes and tarns which are visible 

 from the Schaf berg, five are conspicuous both from their size and 

 proximity. Four of these lie at the very base of the mountain ; the 

 Fuschelsee and the Wolfganger See on the south, the Mondsee 

 and the Atter See on the north. Somewhat more distant is a 

 smaller lake, called the Zeller Seef, which empties itself into the 

 Mondsee. 



The Fuschelsee J lies in a basin-shaped hollow, the western end 

 being flanked by low hills of rounded outline, which increase in 

 height eastwards. Its size has evidently been greater than at 

 present ; for beyond the western extremity is a marshy flat which 

 has been formed by lateral streams. Through this its waters make 

 their way by a circuitous course to the Mondsee. There is also a 

 small delta in the usual position at the eastern end. The "Wolf- 

 ganger See§ is nearly double the size, its breadth and depth being 

 very irregular. This is partly due to a huge delta formed by the 

 Zinkenbach, which extends from the southern side, and almost cuts 

 the lake in two. One sounding, the deepest quoted, is said to be 

 535 feet ; but the general depth is about 250 feet according to Von 

 Falkenstein ; and 273 feet for the upper with 230 for the lower 

 part are the measurements assigned to it by Wallmann. 



The first glance at the map would lead us to suppose that these 

 two lakes occupied one and the same valley. This, however, is not 

 the case. They are separated by a prolongation of the parallel 

 ridges of the Schaffberg massif, so that orographically the Wolf- 

 ganger See lies in a synclinal trough which may be traced along a 

 line of lakeless valleys, and is separated from the head of the 

 Fuschelsee by a narrow ridge, which is crossed by the high road at 

 a part 2525 feet above the sea, the central portion of it being a 

 conical peak which rises probably 300 or 400 feet higher. 



* They are of Wiener Sandstein (Upper Cretaceous), and are brought against 

 the Jurassic zone by a great northern boundary fault of the Alpine chain. 



f About 3 miles long, f wide, 17fi3 feet above the sea, 118 feet deep. 



\ About 3 miles long, -J, broad, 2097 feet above the sea, and 249 feet deep 

 (some authorities give the depth twice as much). 



§ About 6 miles long, 1 j broad, 1751 feet above the sea. 



