1873.] 



DUNCAN CARYOPHYLLIA BREDAI. 



503 



Oxus, there must have been a time before Central Asia was highly 

 civilized, when the river ran freely through the country unconfined 

 by artificial means ; and he thought it possible that at that time its 

 lower part afforded an outlet from the sea of Aral to the Caspian. 

 With a greater rainfall he thought the water of the sea of Aral 

 would find its way along the old course of the Oxus into the Cas- 

 pian Sea. 



2. On Caryophyllia Bredai, Milne-Edwards & Jules Haime, from 

 the Red Crag of Woodbridge. By P. Martin" Duncan, M.B., 

 F.R.S., V.P.G.S., &c. 



A specimen of a simple coral has recently been discovered by E. 

 Charlesworth, Esq., F.G.S., in the Red Crag of the Woodbridge 

 district of Suffolk. The form is interesting from its mineral consti- 

 tution as well as from its adding another species to the coral-fauna 

 of the Crag. 



MM. Milne-Edwards and Jules Haime described one of the 

 Caryophyllia} of the Maestricht Upper Chalk in their ' Histoire Na- 

 turelle des Coralliaires,' vol. ii. page 18, as follows: — The corallum 

 is elongate and much curved ; the wall is almost smooth, and is 

 marked with some horizontal ridges ; the columella is slightly deve- 

 loped, and sometimes is reduced to a solitary process. There are 



Fig. 1. — Caryophyllia Bredai, Milne-Edw. & Haime. 

 1 2 3 



1. Side view of the corallum, natural size. 



2. The calice, enlarged. 



3. A side view of a septum, enlarged, showing the granulations. 



four complete cycles of septa, in six systems. The septa of the last 

 cycle are very small ; the primaries are thick at their inner end, are 

 larger than the secondaries ; and the tertiarics are thin. All are 

 covered with large and projecting granulations. The pali are 

 situated before the secondary septa, and are narrow as well as 

 flexuous. 



The newly discovered form appears to be a variety of this Upper 

 Cretaceous species. It differs from the type in being curved at the 

 base and then subturbinatc. Moreover the pali are irregularly 

 placed, although the septal number is complete ; they are in one 



