JAN. L 



MOD RUKAI ORKER. 



. hm\ ! i.i l 1 1 >t- 11 • 



o* not appear to be (he aue 

 mi have been 



Not long since we bad n call fmm a gentleman 

 ; 111 (lie question whether 

 grown for market on dwarf 

 iref* ■ lb-had read In the ■' 



1 .1 were in and 

 ■boat Rochi ■■ ppofing ibis to 



. 



tain whether we practiced any mysterious system of 



,,i preparation that proved 

 a specific (bi all Uieillsthatdwarfpearaireheirto; 

 or whether the Almighty, on the Brat mom of Cre- 

 ation, Imd drawn a magic circle around Rochester 

 aor] Bolton, and .-.mi of dwarf pear culture, "thus 

 m go, and no farther " He could not 

 I,,!,,,,. M i Hi.- rLPiivm-Miil idea that dwarf pears 

 would only succeed where the seventy of the 

 winter was modified by large bodies of water, — 



that Albany end Pittsfield, MaMachosctts, were 

 too cold, and Boston jusl nghl Ho had seen, 

 a.* wi' had, livinti dwarf pear trees in the State 

 of Illinois, In localities where npplo trees ten 

 and fifteen years old were killed to the ground 

 by the extreme cold. Without giving our views, 

 we proposed to spend a day among the pear trees 

 crowing iii tin-: vicinity, in examining them under 

 under good and poor culture, — well 

 eared for and entirely neglected— that lie might 

 judge for himself of the effects of culture and 

 neglect here, and thus, perhaps, be enabled to form 

 a tolerably correct opinion of the cause of failure 



Thinking that this examination would be of in- 

 areBl to OUT readers, who cannot walk and talk 

 vith us among the growing trees, we sallied forth, 

 inned »illi paper and pencils, to take drawings 



then I will explain llm' matte. 

 ■ 

 its, and even the 

 it-, thai ■ in 



■ 

 life— mere thiol 

 era. We « ill to 

 of one of tfeem, m-t to ihow 

 h 



li will be valuable to compare 

 with the pi n treatment that 



g tin- hardy bo-li mUSl 

 lodged pretty mean. 



Sow that wo imve completed our examination, 

 ire will walk Dn,nnd in d few minutes look at trees 



th.it La', i' received a Utile better treat i... 

 yon inquired "by these were planted and then 

 allowed to suffer and die. I will explain the ron-mi. 

 That fine place the owner designed for his resi- 

 de uce, but business requiring his removal, it has 

 been rented ever since. 



We lire now prepared for aunthoi leSSOn. 

 Here are two dwarf trees, much better (ban the 



last, but still noi thrifty, The soil is good, and 



they were, no doubt, well planted on the lawn 

 where you see them standing. All weeds have 

 been kept down, of course, by the tolerably well 

 kept lawn, but they have recti', ed no nintini e. .md 

 the grass liu.s been permitted lo grow close to ibeir 

 tninks. Almost every year they bear a little fruit, 

 but it 18 nol first rate, nor are the trees one half the 

 size they would have been under fair treatment. I 

 ! them in IMS, and they bad then 

 been planted several years. It was about this time 

 that the "Jirr bli'jht" was so terribly destructive, 

 killing tin 



s well a 

 dens. The 



■ plan 







sof c 



Here we will take our first lesson. You 

 see n number of ill-shaped neglected trees, suf- 

 fering and dymg. They were planted out two 

 years since, and have not received the least care. 

 The foundation for a house, tells the story. The 

 owner abandoned the trees and the building, and 

 both are going to ruin. This is so plain a case 

 that wc will not dwell. 



Wehave now arrived at the place where we pur- 

 pose to take our second lesson. Here are sis dwarf 

 pear trees. When planlcd eight or nine years ago 

 id, -r-. ■ im ■!■■ nine in the row, but rattle or disease has 

 destroyed two 00 one end and one on the other, as 

 the Mumps remaining show. The ground, roue e, 

 has bean entirety neglected. It has not been dis- 

 turhed by n spade or hoe, and the grass and weeds 



have L'l'onn b.stcd. ^h of the trees have 



li.. d i. ■ "I, iIicup hardships, but their alunteJ, 



uninjured, and it was from observing them, and 

 perhaps others similarly situated, thai the late 

 ,1 ives II Watts argued in the agricultural papers 

 that permitting grass to grow around pear trees 

 would insure a slow growth and prevent the blight. 

 As thifl shows an improvement over the last, we 

 will take another drawing. 



rubbed appe 

 bark, speak too plainly 

 the fi»l threi 

 voted, but i 

 neglected. 



the hard and ' 



r ill 



S liter v 



: I inn surprised to see them in as good 



osditlon, after the usage you describe, evidence of 



■utli of which I see before 



1 make a sketch of one of these 

 will be as interesting and prolit- 



These miserable peach t 

 large Dumber planted at t' 

 trees. You see they have suffered worse than tl 

 -.He two or three dead and dying irei 

 and a number of stumps, nothing remains, 'ft 

 Will male a drawing of one for comparison.- 



Innnirics aiu> ^Insujers. 



n ■• 





.Ioiin Lows. / 

 Remarks — N 



■ -i"" n li 



I. od w ith about halt uri 



a pot filled with n mixta* ol mi old in I land 



covering the bud shout ball an im ! 



ittrth firmly ahoul it, and phm-jin; r i n- p..' m h,,- 

 oil of a hot-bed. with a bottom-] t 7" or 78 



It' the wood i- -mall, ih.' ■ . 



i i, [caving at le is1 two int bea of « I bekra the 



eye, for connecting with the root. These grafts 

 ogle i fi i 





-l.. Lhrougb It) 



ne-liall i 



-jirliiL'. or at any time. ioi.I wli.-ro eiti 



What is the pMce-d luohtni ■ I Pleaseanswer through 



the RuBAL.— M. E. 11., i twKA . >'■■.. 



Remarks.— To make your b-mon tree hear and 

 produce good fruit, il should be grafted in Maieh 

 You had better send it to -nine -reeii -bouse if con- 

 venient, and let the gardener pcrtoi-m I he operation, 

 and take care of it until the scion grow ■ . >' 

 you wish to do it yourself, yon must apply to some 



gardener or nuTsexyman to } ■ the scion I"; 



yon. [fyour lemon tie,- bad been grafted when 



'\. "•'•"' v '-"" 1 "' '""' ' '"'- ' vomit:, and w;i- now toll i.t'lVoir, i! w.'olil he \:,lu 



from the specimens ot <j<ird<.n culinn I have finis 

 far seen, I certainly would reeomnioiul/;. /./ , -n/t-n; 

 us far superior. No hill of corn or potatoes would 



MAKING SAUSAGES. 



will nei 



, foil 



j make sanwges i 



ugh your 



pose that it required eaiel'ul musing, and 

 dinary treatment every way — lhat without the 

 greatest horticultural knowledge and skill, and the 

 of culture, failure was certain; but, really, 



grow and produce with such treatment as th. ,.■ 

 trees have received. 



Editor. — It is now growing dark, and wc must 

 postpone further researches until the mot row. 

 Then we w ill see the effects of better culture. 



NEW GRAPES. 



Ri 



-The 





Visitor. — I have heard this theory advanced, but 

 s it been proved' or has there been snllieieiit 



evidence on Ibis | I to for in a guide it) praeti 



Editor. — I think not, The experience of some 

 iltivatora appears to favor the idea that a rapid 

 grow Ih pn'.ii-|io..s ti,.. to the blight, while other 

 facts are against if A few years ago i saw on old 



stan.laid peai hee.tieai l.oekpuit. mid by n au- 



goTous struck with tile blight, and so rapid was 

 s progress that the entire bead bad lo be cut 

 vay. Last summer, on the Ridge Road, about 

 ■ven miles from this city, I saw two large /'/. nu'.-h 

 l>Miutij trees, the last in a row, and standing in the 

 poorest place, and the worst cared for of all, dying 

 blight, though other and more thrifty 

 .' not affected. I have grown hundreds, 

 and given the best possible culture, w itbout lo-mg 

 a dozen by blight. This disease is not serious now, 

 in this section of country, at leasf. 



Now we will walk a little further, and look at 

 four trees, growing in a yard in front of a mechanic's 

 cottage. He knows little about trees, hut has 

 given them what care he thought necessary. I 

 have noticed them the last four or live years, bearing 

 remarkable crops; a Hartlott, a Virgalien, and a 

 Louise Ilonue de Jersey, giving not less than a 

 bushel each. As I obtained the facts a few days 



since, I will give them as related t e. Nun' 



years ago last spring Ihey were planted. After 

 planting, elain -hells were put around each tree, as 

 people sometimes put them around shrubs nnd 

 flowers, for ornament. Two years after planting, 

 as the lives .lei not ltiiiv fast enough to suit him, the 

 owner threw a barrow full of manure around each. 

 They have received no manure since, but very hv- 

 quently during the summer the -nap-suds lion, the 



thrown around them, 

 and shade the ground somewhat, so that the gross 

 pact under them, but no particular pums 

 has been taken to prevent its growth. They have 

 never been pruned. — only a limb chopped off, 

 sionally, as il appeared to be in the way, or t 

 the notions of the owner. They are not, therefore, 

 of good form, but an improvement in all respect; 

 upon those we have seen before. 



Visitor. — The improvement is very apparent, r . , 

 thus far in our examinations it bos seemed to bi 

 just in proportion to the improved treatment. 



Editor.— The Vir.jalUu. which is the largest, i: 

 about fitted) feel high, the tree you See that ha: 

 been grafted, was some winter variety, probably 

 QlotU iforotau, bul the owner knowing nothing of 

 winter pears, concluded they were n 

 lop-grafted with the Bartlett, Of the VirgaU 

 will take a drawing, to show progress. It i 

 ered with fruit buds, and though not of handsome 

 form, is by no means an unsightly object. 1 

 -ilium, r dress of foliage and flowers, or fruit, 



the production of new fruits, is not a little remark- 

 able. The grape mania, however, appears to have 

 taken the deepest root, and one after another in 



Grqpti," and "thousand* ■'/ tttdlingi' coming on. 

 From the results already attained in so brief n 

 period, no one can form even a probable opinion of 

 Xhc jiiiul ■■. One flung we mh>/ look for ii the full- 

 ness of time. — " (bus far shalt thou go, and no far- 

 ther." It would be looking for too great results, to 

 expect that we can convert our austere, wild grapes 

 by magic, to the excellence of the < 



Rami [/ ■ . bui :.:■ pi iduxe good grapes, in 



great ahiiiuhi'r. ; an /it new and superior \ ai ii- 

 tics continue lobe produced, n* doubtless 1 hey will, 

 we shall soon have an abundant catalogue from 



which to seleet grapes, "vtry g ; . 



cultivation . 



The l-u'-.'ii and Ott'urh.i, pronounced only n 

 year or two ago to be "peerless of their kind," by- 

 some of the leading Inn I icuUurists of the age, are 

 now supplanted by nearly a score of rivals; ami 

 in consequence of their failure In ripen well north 

 of lat. 41" will soon he numbered with the things 

 past, supplanted by hxrdier, '■•<■ and 



better 



the "thousands of seedlings" from which 

 ipect further improvements, 



Among those engaged in producing " Nl 



Crapes." count Dal " in " Now. dear Ri i: IL,W0I 



not be interesting to your readers to have '* I 



igai_"'d, and de-eii]it ions of the most valuable in 



i-.,p, -. - t! yeomi forth! 0. T. HonBB, 



„../^/yn,ade,so 

 pt to think too well of i 

 principle, we suppose, thai 



ung the blackest." 



: aUyb 



ipplec 



maple, would thrive with lest 



negligent cultivator would certainly consider as 



much as Uiii necessary lo tie growth of any tree. 





SWEET POTATOES va, EOTBBAED SQUASHES 



Ens. BUBAL:— You may be aware thai 1 have 

 some little experience in I'utnpkinology and othei 

 domestic comforts of the garden. We bipeds of 

 this northern climate, most of us, regard the sweet 

 potato as one of the greatest luxuries ..f ibe i ..,.! 

 tribe, and well may wc esteem it as such, hut OUI 

 short summers totally forbid any attempt at rais- 

 ing them with any hope of success. Consequently, 

 for many years past, 1 have heen much pin-vied t. 



find :i substitute for that delicious vegetable. Hut 



permit me to say, that in my opinion, the Hubbard 

 Squash is a very near approach to it in excellence 

 as a substitute; indeed, it may be said to hu\c 

 qualities of usefulness and value far exceeding the 

 sweet potato, when we take into account its long 

 keeping. The HulMrd Squash you kuow, is of a 

 very dark green color, tapering at both ends, 

 weighing from -i\ lo t vclvo pounds, and having n 

 hard acorn shell which cannot be cut with a knife. 

 I find a light hatchet i- just the thing for cleaving 

 them apart. This hard, strong shell gi\ e- i h. m 

 decided advantage over most other squashes for 

 their long keeping, and they are not easily bruised. 

 Their bearing habits, also, are very fair. From 

 Eve hills I raised about forty-fire squashes this 

 season, and they furnished me for at... 

 up to the present time, so good a substitute for 

 sweet potatoes, that we have neither bought 

 desired the foreign potato since we commenced 

 using them. Messrs. Editors, on thewbole 1 think 

 it is the end of all controversy on the subject of 

 good squash. 11, N Laxowouthv. 



Greece, N, V . \< ■ 1,180 



-,Ve 





;xo BsnsntG Ptxs n Timot o 

 ■an Verbena^ PitunUu, ani 

 he preserved through the »inl 

 iiiiout a green-hi use 1 Lo 



Beuauks. — Verbenas, Petunias, and i ty other 



irieties of half-haidy bedding-out plain. 



tremcly difficult to pres.-i ve i except in the bands 



professional gnrdcnei I through our long 



winters, without the aid of gveen-liolise. We 

 would recommend A Lmi;tt or Fi.oweiis to have a 



a small pit dug s e two or three feet deep, and 



leading i it, for the purpose 



of carrying off any water which mighl find its way 

 there. Board the side- and bottom, 



f several inches between the bottom o I the 

 the floor. Then place the plant, in the pit, 

 ,-ei the top with liot-bed sash. Dunk up the 

 ■ of the pit with sod thrown out, then rover 



the sashes with boards, i place over the whole, 



for a final covering, o intl'ieie-ut eovenng «)' *lniw 

 lonti Stable litter, to exclude the fr.ist, aiol mi 

 I 

 for an bom 



to the influence of the sun and air, bcuu: 



careful to cover again as ,- i us th. : 



appearance of frost. If this is not specially attend- 



the plants will d li I*. 'in d.uu|Ui.--- 



After the plants are placed in the pit, water should 

 he entirely withheld until Ihey commence gnm m u 

 spring. In this manner we have frequently 

 kept plants in a peilecl slate of health during the 

 If this cannot be accomplished 

 you had better remove your plants to a cool and 

 dry part of the cellar, where they should be kept 

 as dry as possible until spring, when they may be 

 brought forward and attended lo, to fit till 



bedding-out. 



put it into a kfttlf, Bll ,| pta< 

 stove or over a moderate Hrc, Off with youi coat, 

 roll up your sleeves, go into it with both hands, 

 and siir it, being careful not lo let it cook or burn 



on the bottom, while the see I p.i„n, *.ld. il,. 



following:— For lo lbs, meat, :. large tablespoons 



of salt i 5 of sage . . of ju lei 



black pepper, 1 tenspnonlol ot -.dip. n. pui,,, 

 iied or dissolved; }{ lb. sugar. Stir until the 

 seasoning is thoroughly incorporated with the 

 meat, then pack in deep earthern dishes oi tin 



pans. Set away to cool. The nevt day, D 



after, warm lard so that [twill ipread with ft Can 

 knife and make a OOating OT01 the 01001 and it will 

 keep any reasonable length Ol th ■ 

 sweet. Should yon wish to preserve any until 

 warm weather, lake line brown paper, cut it little 

 i irgoi i ban the Burface ol youi dish, wet it on one 



sitle with the white of ail egg. ley il il. 



down, pressing il gentbj with the band, letting the 

 edge come over the edge of the dish whit li Will 



adhere and exclude all air. Keep ii too I, 



dry place. Readers, try it. .1 W CoiAlffi. 



THE PILLAHS OF DOMESTIC COMFORT, 



Tin < ook the House lc and thi i. Ireu are tha 



Pillars on wiiir n iomt tti u <• H >'• t -e. 



CilEEUtt) and elated by the lliov, roiii|.lini.-ol , 



io generously proffered, wo toko am e :■■ in 



■ i.. in- on i duty, indeed we always Qnd something 



in the It I uvi. that doe- us - I Wilb e.| nil in- 

 terest we always read communications ft" the 



I [l„ I iv- r!;..--i - ol ■ .i j.tl llio Cii'lks, the Me 



chnnics, the Farmers" Sou- .mil I i.oi.bi..: - We 

 uevt.i thought, how, ■,,-!-, ,,f looking for anything 



from the pen of a sew am girl, or a washent 



but since they are acknowledged the "l'ill;os"ol 



"domestic comfort," we hope we may hereafter 



in ai fr some of them through the Kduai 



Laundress, or washerwoman, is our own chosen 

 appellation,— and we t lai 



■'■d,ii gb 



Lfomg washeiwoiiuiii, be idea posseasing some skill 



in Mit'irms other blanche- ol female labor i \V e 



hope the editor will pardon our boasting, since be 

 is guilty ol inspiring ui with so much vanity.) 



How liL'lilthe heart, when the ., lliiig sun 



Tells ||, e wush.TU a, ■ l,.|| ,-,l ■, 



Tl gli Uei datlj bread bi lioi only gnln. 



Wo will uofl roll out alj ove ■ down, puton.11 tidy 



"""""' lL ■ md, '■■ i" rail lion, ■ .■■■■ lb ■ 



llu iklhui, SM,/„, n . in pi.-puni, lorilie ap- 

 proaching holidays, Will wash and mend all the 

 stooLniL's. aye, and stivleh them, too I . 

 I., h.. 1.1 a tit tiirkei, b n we can calculate almost 

 to a certainty on the return of our ancient friend 



SvS , \ Cl.ll s W lib hlscollilli'o|.l.l dl-j-ru-lll- i lioiee 

 bltS i. i Ibe worthy Mai" the I'al. gel abouliliful 

 share. Claim. 



Book] Dell, Dee, ft. 1868 



Biiead i Grown U'm u En ' 



oi rner of the Buiui, 1 find an [nquirj {■»■ 



making bread of grown wheat For tin In an lit of 

 II I. \ . ol Sherburne. N. Y., t scud vim ins mode 

 ol -en in _■ Hi.- yeast. To ' teacup of milk add 8 of 



boding wafer; 'J table pooiil'nls of butter; 1 Ol 

 -I have been an attentive reader BU gar; soda size of a bean, m in h matt. -r. s. I in 



k.ttle of warm water, stir everi flfteei nates. 



II kept in a regular leuipet ulnie it will rise in Hi 



i[iiart of potatoes, liml I ill done, turn nil the wafer 



Into a pan of new milk, then wa Ii 'I"' potatoes, 

 put them in the milk, add ., little shortening and 

 salt— be sure to mix it well -let it stand one hour 



then mould the loaves and lei stand 15 or 20 mlo- 



ules — bake one I i 



Will IODIC of your corresp.mdenl- -end a recipe 



for a good chicken pie end oblige— A i 'aidiii ■'■ 

 Wits, lavernm, Lin. Go., K V ■ 1868. 

 PiCCBD-DP DuiXBHS.— 1 want to know the best 



recipe for preventing "pickcd-up dinners," on 



washing-day. We have usually Id';. ' 



days in the course of the year, and i 



day we are subject to thai horror of the week— 



"picked-up dinners." t'..i.l -...-ai. oold potatoes, 



bits of dry bread, no pie, no pudding the ret] 



Ihoiighl of it spoils a week's enjoyment. I wonder 



,1 ,i, ■.-.,, m o , i . \- ■. i \..- ■ , SrLVA,4e., E«fe 

 "pickod-up dinnera" on washioo daj 



hope they have a. C I 



M >RK, D '.■■'"■■ ■■ 



II >eiti.|iuri.-.,ai|.l 



caulillosver plants 

 but not absolutely 



process of bleaching'.' V 

 nn.TouH eorre-iion. tents, a 



oblige— M. e. v.-t-- i'iu 

 Uesiahks It i. well 

 in a hot-bed where 



necessary. .Make a nice mellow I...--I in a ii.uiii. 



sandy soil, on the south side of a fence or building, 

 or make a temporary shelter from the cold north 

 ur west winds, with board-, and sow the seeds in 

 shallow drills, as early as the bed can be got ready 



in the spring. Wc have grown as good < nub (lower 

 from plants raised in this way as any other. A 

 few plants can he started in u shallow box, la the 

 bouse, in _M.il cli. and as soon us the weather be- 

 comes mild enough, they may be set out of doors 



in .■ -belter. -d place to balden, before planting. 



and these will come to per!'. Cl mi earliei i'i oi lb.. ■■■ 

 started in the open air. 



Any goo J garden soil will answer for e.mlill.o', . i ■ 



In very dry summers they somen - -oil. i fn.m 



drouth, unless watered. Soap-suds is excellent for 



this purpose. The blanching is done by simply 



bending the long leaves ..v. i theflowai to projjBOl 



it fr..rn the sun. Even litis is not generally neces- 

 sary, for the leaves protect the flower snllieiei.il>. 

 except in rare cases. When the &0W0I U obsei n •! 

 to be exposed, it can be done in a stead 

 It is cooked by boiling, or. sle.oumg 

 having care not to break the bead, 

 mueh. Served with drawn butter or grtwy. 



_The Annual M.st 



■ tyOf We-l, r,i V,.i, 



York will be held in Roche*"!'. Jannai 



o'clock in the tore a After the election of 



odicers for the eu-uo.L- Tear various quest. on- 

 interesting to Km" Qrowera will be discussed. 

 We shall give a full report of everythingof interest. 





i boarder. — 



AxIkqdtbt-FhiboCaki Will yem permit me 



to ask some of your led.i 



■. to p.o !l ' '"' e...l.r..id..r> 1 



I,,, triedeverywoy I can think of-eU to no pur 

 pose. If any one caa inform me, I will try and 



I,,., ,1,,., ,,!.,■ a pan "I hi ied Caki (1 



rule, whi eh I- -"oeegg; 1 enp SUgar; I cup but- 

 termilk; 5 <«blcs| - bird; I ien-[ i saleratus 



—season toyoujrtaate and imiv quite hard.— T. H., 



: I .. 





:ai> I'm. — As applet 



quit 



winter, and crackers not bell 

 I thought this recipe would do well. Soak light 

 bread with hot water -have it rathei thin— -add a 

 piaoe If butter while hot; have your crust on" 

 pie t. u ami spread on about as thick as fur apple 

 pie. For common sized plate, sprinkle Dfl one '' ,;l 

 tpOOD tartaric acid and two Ibii'ts teacup of -uj.n 

 Season with nutmeg, add the topcm-i Mid t™M 

 geutly.— T. Srr.f.vs, CRdrtndon, i )'. 



To TaxsGrbask 

 composed of 



ounces of alcohol 

 quantity of watci 



