MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER, 



RURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 



With in Able Corps of Assistants and Contributors. 



TEitsia, in advance- 

 Two not.L*ftS * T«*n-I1 for sin moult* To Cmbs and 



PJtlj 



vjLBiBTijea, 



Many farmem in Wesl.-ni New York, and par- 

 ticularly those who have light forma near Railroad 



slaloms. L'row poialui.'s iu large quiinlities, piinci- 

 ji.illy t.ir rln- |-: ,-iei n market. Some seasons, how- 

 ever, a portion of our surplus crop is sent to tlie 

 Weal, .in, I this is tbecuso the present spring. The 

 potato crop lasl season was large in tbe Northern 

 Atlantic States 1 , mid, in consequence, the price is 

 Don SO In" in tin.' New York market as to prevent 

 ■bipmonl 111 thai direction, On the contrary, the 

 crop through the West was generally light, und 



i » ""' now so high ni Western cities, that 



mi lurplna is moving Westward for a market, 

 ,]m<!iiv t'uuld growers here know 



in wlml direction the de ,1 would he the greatest, 



it arould !"■ of adi intage, Ebi buyers for the East- 

 cm market generally refuse to purchase anything 



hut (he ili, -.1 l.n,,t-. sue!) as 1 the Mtrawf while 



lor the Western market they are not lit panic,, 

 Ur, though, of course, making dislincij,,,, U to 



As many of our readers are asking the question, 



triwtbu theyeoala' profitably engage in growing 



potatoes for market, (uj a -.tuple crop ; and if so, 



what kinds il would be beat to plant, we give the 



prices paid here for the last five years, and such 

 Dthel foot*. En regard to «orls and quality as we 





I to ( 



il must be understood, is the best and 



"I the most eagerly sought 



'"■ l,lli '- ■ liri11 " '- Uw prieool this sort we giro j 



''"' " ■" li - '■"■■■ fi ''■ ■■ ■ i ■■ ,.' v -/iY, emu a 



buahal lower, Iheprice the pi,,-,-,.- 



'■ pirinjpa luffiei lj so barely to re- 



numerate growers. Jfimwi now sell for 50 cents 

 



. Qo season, 40 cantawaa the 

 i""' I" 1 " 1 L:,i roar nl thia time, (18o8,) they 

 ■ ■ 

 itinued ut this price during 

 1 part ol April. This, orop r/hen dug 

 could have been sold fl 

 ■ 



■i ■ IprilaSthto*!!^, 



- t» f 1 " '~' -'i..iwn_. 



I,, ■ 



during Mar,! Ho of April «S 



.. 



■ ■■■ 



: 



ir readers, we think, may 



prices to expect 

 ■ fli tobi derived 

 ■ ■ i any u J vantage can be 

 ii- 



The loss by shrinkage, rot, &c, is great, and 

 whether the advance, as a geoernl thing, will pay 

 for the loss, we leave our readers to decide with 

 the other questions, after having given the facts 

 above. 



Thchestvnrieties for cultivation, is an important 

 question, and we would like growers of lurge ex- 

 perience to give us thoir views. From the higher 

 price paid fur Mercers, as well as from the fact that 

 they are eagerly sought by buyer* for the Eastern 

 market, they are much grown by our farmers, and 

 they are an excel lent potato, (though, were we dis- 

 posed to be critical, we might name some faults.) 

 but unproductive, and quite subject to the rot. — 

 Oj Casta iii'lk we have seen a good crop, when the 

 season and soil happened to be just right, but 

 nine cases out often the yield is quite light, and if 



iv as as good for poorer, but mort 

 ductive sorts, we incline to the opinion that farmers 

 would do better to grow them at one-third less 

 price per bushel. The great object whicl 

 potato growers have been looking for, is a potato 

 as good as tbe Mercer — one as highly prized in the 

 New York market, and a good yielder. Manyhave 

 been attempting to raise a sort from seed with 

 these desirable qualities, uud high hopes a 

 tertained in regard to some sorts, which we and 

 others have been very anxiously watching. It 

 seems that this work has, in part at least, bcei 

 aefoinpli-lied, and u potato has been found thu 

 Miii- thu taste of the New Yorkers as well as the 

 JfiPrWr,for which they are willing to pay even a 

 . rmd one Ihat hoars uu abundant crop, 



Wend traveling in .Saratoga and Washington 

 counties, told us of an excellent potato raised in 

 that section, and tailed by this name. .Supposing 

 -D Peach Blow grown under fat 







, the 



matter. Of late, howevi 



especial favor, having been grown largely in New 



Jersey for the New York market. 



Messrs. Dituw k Fhbmcu, produce dealers, furnish 

 the following statement in regard to this variety, 

 for the New York Tribune: — "Among the new 

 -<i\- the /'each Blow at present takes the Drat 

 rank; not the old-fashioned, yellow-meated, red- 

 skinned, rank-flavored 7Vac/( Blow of our boyhood, 

 but the modern seedling of the Western Red. It is 

 round, with deep eves, has a parii -colored skin, and 

 whitish-yellow meat, being whiter and finer flavor- 

 ed when grown in this latitude than at the north, 

 where itoriginated. It is generally sound-hearted, 

 cooks very evenly, dry, unci light. This market 

 has this season been well supplied with it, and it 

 h.i- i..r»l,l, commanded the highest rates— selling 

 on .i par « illi lliat old favorite and standard varie- 

 ty, the Marur. It has a tall, upright, and luxuri- 

 ant vine, rambles from the bill, and is very late, 

 raqull tag Uu whole season to mature. It attains 

 Largo BUte, is D large yielder— turning out from 60 

 to 100 per cent, more than the Mercer— and has 

 prolitable late potato of the past 



Thee 



s of r, 





ed by the length of time it takes 

 this, together with the uncertainty, from recent 

 introduction, of continuing to thrive as well as 

 heretofore, render the mure prudent cultivators 



auiH.n- ut i i-king too much upon this promising 



W icty. We have eaten this potato within a lew 



'.," hesitation in pronouncing it of 



good quality. A portion of tbe specimens we had, 



howoTer, were hollow at heart 



iraui the same source we have the opinions en- 

 tertained of another variety, which has been grown 

 here for about five years, having been brought 

 Ohio, benoe iis Dome, Bucket. It is an ex- 

 celled early potato, we think, from a brief experi- 

 ■ mnot speak of its value for a general 

 crop. "The Buetey. ta'themost promising early 

 p„(.ito. |i was introduced from Ohio to the vicini- 

 ty Y three years ago, from which 

 locality it has spread to different sectious, but has 

 -My cultivated in Mommouth county, 

 N. J. It is a handsome round potato, white thro'- 

 oul, except a tittle bright pink ut the bottom of tlie 

 eye. It cooks very dry and bright, and Is fini 

 ■ tlCUlariy when first matured. It is 

 the Mercer, and attains 

 good marketable size as early aa the / 



for cooking well, as soon as it attains 



siie. It throws tip a very thick, vigorous and 



uianl Tine; grows compactly in the hill, and 



■:, yielding abundantly. The yield 



upon good ground in Monmouth county the last 



.-hols per acre. 



Ebibitedatthe 



1 i County Fair, containing only sixty- 



1 1 has been very free from rot, and 



to one instance, where some of these were accident- 



» '.v inucd with Aseft Blow* on a piece of ground 



I calculated to induce the. 



mined Bound, while tbe ! 



i ih- h i. ,,,,,,, ,,,, ,, , , 



/ .■ ii is most valuable for on early 



potato. If planted for a late or medium crop, upon 

 strong, rich, ground, it grows so rapidly and to so 

 great a size, that many of them will be hollow- 

 hearted, which, of course, impairs tbeirquality for 

 tbe table. The early crop of last summer sold in 

 this market at thu highest rates; but when tbe 

 later crops of Mercers and Peach Blows became 

 abundant, tbe late planted Buckeyes were not con- 

 sidered ilieir equal in quality— but as an early 

 market potato they gave promise of far excelling 

 all other known varieties." 



B. Stki-uens, another produce dealer in New 



York, furnishes the followingarticle for the Amer- 

 ican Agriculturist, in which, it will be seen, h, 

 demns the Buckeye most unceremoniously, giving 

 it, we believe, a great deal worse name than it 

 deserves, for as an tariff potato there arc few better. 

 For a winter variety we would not recommend it. 

 The Peach Blow, we have no doubt, like many new 

 things, is somewhat over-praised. 



"As it is time for tbe farmers to decide what 

 kinds of potatoes to plant the coming season, I 

 send yon these few remarks made up from my ex- 

 perience of mai keting potatoes the past year, and 

 also from minute inquiries made of farmers from 

 different sections of the country. In the first 

 place for New York Market we require a white 

 fleshed, white skinned, round or oval shaped, and 

 smooth potato, that will boil perfectly dry and 

 mealy, in addition to which the farmer wants a 

 good yielder, and one that will as a genera) thing 

 withstand the rot. 



From the past year's experience, of all the kinds 

 which have come under ..iy notice, I unhesitatingly 

 pronounce the Peach Blow to come nearest to 

 these requirements for a standard potato. It has 

 been, and now is the most plentiful in market, and 

 when raised on sandy soil, sells for more than any 

 other table variety, It will yield from two to three 

 bushels to one of Mercers, on the some) soil, and so 

 far, has grown free from rot on any ground that 

 would grow sound potatoes of any kind. 



The ncxtvariety I would recommend is the Long 

 Pink Eye or Pink Kyc Kidn.y. Il is a goodyield- 

 er, commands a high price in market, and is one of 

 our very best Spring potatoes, cooking dry, while, 

 and mealy. 



The Blue Mercers I would also recommend 

 where they will grow of targe si/e, smooth and 

 sound. 



The Carter It a first class potato, but being sub- 

 ject to rot, and a pooryielder, it is not profitable to 

 raise for market. 



Tbe Psrdr, a good cooker, but small in size and 

 yield, therefore, not profitable. 



The Rough and Ready, from the past two years' 

 experience, I class as a potato of first quality, 

 which only requires to be known, to be appreciated, 

 as it comes nearer to tbe old fashioned ( 'art t r, both 

 in looks and quality than any other kind. It is a 

 good yielder, vevy hardy, and ripcus before tbe 

 Mercers, but later than the Djfhnan or Juius. 



The Bound Redound Yellow Pink Eyes are hardy, 

 goodyielders, but are mostly for shipping and ship 



The I'ykman is the earliest good variety we have, 

 yields well, and will cook dry when half grown, 

 but is a poor Winter potato; the Mountain JvM, 

 is also a good potato to yield, but is apt to have 

 black Spots under the skin. 



Prince Alberts are pronounced, after the past 

 years' experience, a failure, for they will not take 

 as market potatoes, when offered for sale, and 

 will not cook dry, unless under very favorable 

 circumstances, until quite late in the Spring. The 

 only redeeming quality they have, is that thev 

 will not rot. I would advise fanners not to plant 

 them, as the call for seed at high prices, is about 



The Buck-Eye is another humbug. It bos been 

 tried in the scale and found wauling. They would 

 bring as much in market the past season as 

 the Juuro and Ytltou Phti Eyea. 



There are a great number of varieties constantly 

 before tbe public, but they arc generally brought 



' by persona for the purpose of selling seed at 

 — j-mous prices. Farmers should choose such 

 kinds as yield well and command good prices as 

 oarket potatoes," 



A Washington Co.. Siio., subscribcrof Ehbu 

 rual o/ Agriculture says that, " all the largi 

 farmers in his county are badly in debt, and a go 

 many of them will lose their farms before 

 goodagaio. The crops were light this lost 

 wheat averaged ten bushels per,acie ; oats thi 

 i good— more than an average. I worked 

 s last year; got my crops in in good sen 

 tended them well, and my wheat averagi 

 bushels; oats, •!..; corn, 50; bail. , 



A good (i.\TB is an "institution" upon the farm 

 the merits of which have never been sufficiently 

 recognized by a lithe or those who make daily use 

 thereof. While new, and in prime working order, 

 the possessor bus rubbed his bands good-naturedly, 

 congratulating himself upon the advance he has 

 tuken towards farm neatness and economy — with 

 pride has thought how ronipletelv lie lias distanced 

 such "old logics as Farmer A.," on the one side. 

 " and Farmer I).," on the other. But age came on 

 — gates as well ns men feel the " tooth of time"— 

 or a fierce, bleak wind has racked its joints, and 

 tbe freedom and elasticity of movement have de- 

 parted — just as the rheumatism serves the genus 

 homo— and he commences patching up, nlittlo here, 

 a little there, until tired and wearied in spirit, (the 

 disease having become chronic,) he votes the whole 

 thing n nuisance, and leaves it to its fate. That the 

 majority of gates rapidly fail to answer the ends I 

 which they were creeled, is true— that such fini 

 to their operation is a law of necessity, is not t 

 fact. Many who build seem to think that when the 

 gate "swings freely" the great difficulty is sur- 

 mounted, and the chief object sought in its con- 

 struction attained. The first principle is over- 

 looked — a gate should be, to a very great degree, 

 self-sustaining, it should- every timber assisting— 

 support it-elf. 



The common form of gates in use among our 

 farmers is the rectangular frame. This frame, 

 constantly suspended by one of its sides, will not 

 maintain its form— the opposite sides falling by 

 their own weight. To counteract this effect, the 

 unglc-brucc, or angle-tie, are called into service, 

 and the adoption of the tie or brace should be de- 

 termined by the material of which the gate is com- 

 posed. That our readers may have a perfect 

 understanding of tlie subject we copy the two dia- 

 grams given below from the Ct/flopcdia of Agri- 

 culture. 



3 by 3 at one cud, and S by 3 at the other, for the 

 top rail— make ymir heel piece of 3 by 4 scantling. 

 Let the top rail of the gate run over (In top Of the 

 post— put a ground iron pin through M,e top rail 

 and into the centre or the post, thus forming the 

 top hinge. For the bottom binge match upon the 

 heel piece, about t! inches from the bottom, a piece 

 of three-inch plank, 13 inches wide, edgewise, hol- 

 lowing it out so as to fit the round post which forms 

 the lower hinge. Ton can make a perfect gate in 

 this manner without expense, and with good hinges 

 —make double, single, or otherwise, according to 

 fancy, in the usual way with bevels or slats. This 

 gate will swing clear open both ways. 

 gtenben Cunnty, N. Y, 1S'i9. PiiAvremniaii. 



evidently a simple truss, like the jib of a 

 Crane; and lfa weight, «',behungontheendorthc 

 rail b, this rail will be in a state of tension, and c in 

 a state of compression ; and if the rail b be firmly 

 held at d, and have an unyielding abutment at.-, 

 the point of the rail to which the weight is huug 



Again, let a, as before, be the hanging-style, h 

 the lowest rail, and c the nngle-tie; it is evident, 



that, under the same conditions as before, b will 

 now be compressed ; that is to say, the lower rail 



will act as a strut, while <, I he diagonal, will act as 



a tie. Il will be obvious, that on these elementary 

 parts the .stain I it _i of tin. 'gate m entirely dependent ; 

 the addition of the other style and rails to com- 

 plete the rectangular frame, and the tilling-in rails 

 ■ styles, serving only to make the fence. 

 From the consideration of these figures, and 

 keeping in view the constructive maxim that iron 

 should be used as a tie, and wood as a strut, we 

 Id learn not only what materials to use, but 

 to use them. Thus, if the construction be that 

 of the first diagram, b should be of iron, and c of 

 wood; and in the following figure, c should he 

 and b wood. Many of those who have had 

 ■eding trouble" with gates will be able to per- 

 il! what was the difficulty— and obvii 

 hereafter. In this connection we give plans o 

 gates furnished by Kobal correspondents. 



MZ 



■ 



■ will , 



The i 



pieces. This is one of tbe mos 



'■■■■ 1 have seen. Two of the main features 



me one can drive close on either side, then, 



, I with one hand, the gate is pushed open, rol- 



■ .- ling on a case prepared for it. The wheels 



! rest on the bed-piece when closed, and move 



eV ou it when opened. The wind docs not affect 



Mh it, opened or closed. The wheels are nine 



[Il inches in diameter, made of while oak plank, 



two inches thick, — the three standards are 



made of 2 by 4 oak scantling, and the boards of 



iuch pine, let into (he standards as shown in tbe 



small engraving. Qroeoe Uithv. 



OBSTRUCTING THE HIGHWAY. 



t i..-.-- 



liiii-i 





M ,n.-i,t, 



The highway belongs ( u the traveling public 

 they have a legal right to a free and unobstructed 



passage and even, g 1 eiti/on will show some 



respect lo I he rig Ills which belong to I lie world at 

 large by using his influence to keep all obstruc- 

 the beaten track 

 of the highway, hut from the sides thereof, aud he 

 ill be exceedingly cautious how be leaves nny- 

 ing in the public way that will discommode, or 

 uderthc passage of any one. Any thing, no mat - 



rwhat it maybe, that is left on the gn I « Inch 



portion of the highway, i- deni 





tated . 



because it is uu forbidden ground, h is no miti- 

 gation of the offence that a nui.-iince is leli on lire 



rid* of the highway. \ bighwaj must be kept 



clear — and he who, heedlessly, or wilfully, places 

 obstructions in the why ••>' a peaceable traveler, to 



his disadvantage or detriment, it oof onlj liable to 



equal to the damage ur noun, hut it is cul- 

 pable of great hijraiitnde a,,. i d, regard for the 

 righls of good citizen 

 Many people try to Han, , 



l:,,ve ., right, Wl ■ 



ting any thing which Ihej please on the sides of 



barely room 



.Ugh for travelers 1» pass without bein ■ 



Consequently, tl, idi "' ,l "' highway are often 



:.,, le ,.| 01 cry old sled, old H ;ic-"ii, 



| rails and logs, and old implements 



nl h v« been thrown aside, bo that apaaser-b; 



often is very i-.icld-, i .-. „,„,!, -d of the ruins of 

 i, , the llabyloni.b ,■ ,;■ ■ ■ 



Ii is mot 



1 m ■" ■■<■■ I i! ; '-' -"i pet ■ -i, a i -fie,- 



of dropping even ,,|,| |. . 



implement, on one side ol ii , 



old nuisances were valuable pieces of property lo 



bo kept for whnJ , ; ,. r , l( lt ,, bv .. 



gone by. 11 il, B ■■eatcli-all" 



about the farm — pray let it never ' 



highway, A a; collect ;i , ,,,,, | 



M 11, any old i , „ hi- back- 



],,,[ when the 

 , piles, timber, 



ire Will upt mention, we will tell what ue think of 

 fill. And it we hiifi" '< '-■ pi-, lie a 



' mi - ■ unknown friend*, bat 



, ii- ii'ldiliou I 



encumbering I he highway ubout ii- 



