TWO DOLLARS A YEA1M 



• PROGRESS A?TD IMPRO^T^JIENT: 



[SLVGLK XO. jrOUK CENTS. 



YOL X. NO. 12. 



ROCHESTER, N. Y..-F0R THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, MARCH 19, 1859. 



WHOLE NO. 480. 



MOORE'S RURAL NEJV-YOUKER, 



RURAL, LITRRJJtyANU FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 



INaTJIEIES AND NOTES. 



,.,-h. 





ciiltlvullfia Mm 



.if 41 degreei iiortli latitude. 1 wish to know wlu-Ui 



klml of »oii l» I'i'il ailnptc.l, ulmt nuiintity of scud 

 ItiORcro, in. I where iced mil bo obtained, and at what 



1 w.'i l.i. like l..i ii ir< Iliri-.iiil. Ihr ■ 



[ would In' iiilvli-able or mil in plant ihe 

 :Viui'n't:J in niw trrniKiil J Is it beat t 



Iriivitig three or four sta 

 tli.' lull- l '.j feet apart ot 

 other, bo as to cultivate 

 Still others pin 



i hills 



) the best distance 

 ., six inches uparl in the 

 . Others p]i 



s in each hill, making 

 way, and four feet the 

 .ii.- way with a horse. — 

 J feet apart, and 



ig about this. I scod found that mine would 

 oe in twenty-four hours. 1 found myself in 

 fix, and was obliged in >j.u thirty rods, ring 

 up my feed pipe and draw oil' the water in the air 

 iber every day. This was worse than any I 

 become acquainted with. It appears they 

 generally run from a week to a month. My ram 

 id run but a few days when the supply-pipe be- 

 in in burst— when the vent was very small, it 

 ould run without filling up, but would soon get 

 i large that it would stop running. After burst- 

 ■; in id 1.,-inL' mended live or six times, with the 



results, in about two years I was obliged to 



abandon it. 



After the ram had lain useless part of the last 

 ■ason, in the month of October, I went to an iron 

 oiks, and there found a wrought iron pipe of the 

 proper sine, and got thirty feet ; cost eight and one- 

 half dollars, (the expense in the hist place was 

 about lifty dollars.) The iron pipe is what is called 

 pipe, and is in pieces about twelve feet long, 

 connected by a socket nut. I laid down this pipe 

 .cdialely after getting it, and it has ruu now 

 e four months. The tilling up can l.e obviated 

 by making a vent in the feed-pipe near the ram, 

 but this is an impediment to the run of the ram, 

 especially where the head is Dot more than two or 

 three feet. Let us hear from all your correspon- 

 dents, who can throw any light on the subject, 

 their views, as to the best mode of preventing the 

 fdling up of the air chamber. — W. R., Moravia, 

 Cayuga Co., N. Y., 1859. 



l ways. The Sorghum requires soil mid 

 culture similar to emu, and those who grow good 

 corn, need nut fail in growing Sugar Cnue, cither 

 ns regards soil, climate, or culture. Less than two 

 pounds of seed will plant uu ncrc, and the cost is 

 i.l. i. nt BSotJntB per pound. It can be obtained of 

 the seedsmen of this city, and we suppose of 

 persons who deal in seeds. 



winie rrp.irli'.l uillur.*, from stoppages, I IiaVO I 



Old eonaga i" Ml it going, Air is mid to get Ii 



chamber, causing the bursting of luo pipe, som 



i I ■... .. 



r correspondent, 





1 wi-u to mul out more eerniiig Huugaria: 



[ i Ine subscriber to your paper auya It is . 

 failure In lids part of tlie country. Hut perhaps lie di' 



yp of Honey Blade Hungarian Grass seed?— Wii, P. 



If the Hungarian Grass grows as rapidly and as 

 rank here as at the West, it will smother the weeds. 

 From what we know of it we are satisfied it re- 

 quires a strong, rich, deep soil, and we hare no 

 doubt will prove much better adapted to the rich 

 prairies of the West than to the lands of Orange 

 county. Still, it is worthy of trio). Try a little 

 if it fails the loss will be small and the knowl- 

 edge gained valuable. The Jlonoj Blade, as it is 

 called by those who have it til sell, is nothing more 

 less than the common Hungarian Grass. So 







e good ; and v 



s reported t 





On tho matter inquired of by 

 WC h»Te the lollowiug interest 

 from one who describes the difficulty and the 

 remedy. Another subscriber in Genesee county, 

 wln» has a ram now in successful operation, aftei 

 having encountered and overcome several difficul 

 lice, promises us a detailed account of his opera 

 lions. We hope all who have had cxperieuce nil 

 give us facts that we may lay them before our 



li'-uhlS: 



Massns. Ens.:— Having observed in the Ruhal of 

 the past year, several inquiries and articles on the ' ffoti la good 



subject of raising water, by the ram, I have con- 'nnrkel, and what is the usual price per bushel V— A 

 present to the Rural, for publication, \ Voc!iQ ****¥**&* '&> z ' r &>* - v - K,18». 



■ ■ ■ I- m ner in the premiMH Some The onion requires a very rich soil and thorough 



c, 1 budt a house about thirty rods culture to secure a good crop, and a poor crop will 



ml pay the cost of weeding, Ac. The best soil is 



. good, deep loam, though they will grow on a stiff 



eof a 



eof 



;clion the latter part of April. 

 the onion. The cost of taking 

 nions depends much upon the 

 I for cleanliness, and the gene- 



condition of 



nil management, so that we will not even give n 

 there .it. The average product of an acre 

 inns is from 150 to 200 barrels, and we think 

 leverscll for less than $1 per barrel in New 

 York, and generally for more than double this 

 price. They are now worth about $3. If well 

 harvested, and kept in a very dry cellor, or in an 

 er room where they will not freeze hard, they 

 keep well until warm weather. 



THE TEST CHESS EXPERIMENT, 



Ed. Rural New-Yorkeb — Dear Sir: As you 

 ive from the first taken a deep interest in this 

 Experiment, and arc well acquainted with all the 

 parties, it is due to you to make a brief statement of 

 result, as reported to the State 

 Agricultural Society by ihe Committee. 



farmers, that Wheat, sown in the full, especially in 



ns, will be changed by being winter- 



f some unknown cause, into Chess.— 



i opinion i 



I England, France, lier- 



wheat-growiug 



any, Ac. 



In the hope of solving this problem, Col. Bexj. 

 Hodge, of Buffalo, offered to the State Agricultu- 

 ral Society (through the RmtAL New-Yorkeb,) a 

 premium of one hundred dollars for proof, satis- 

 factory to a Committee appointed by its officers, of 

 auch transmutation of Wheat into Chess. 



An intelligent and succsssful FacmgL Ofiftl 

 Rochester and of excellent character, (recently 

 deceased,) proposed to tho Society to make the 

 proof, and demuuded the appointment of the Com- 





, be » 







till. !■ ft 'I I 



from a spring un d s.xlv-six feet above it. I de- 

 pended oo raising lUc „ater by a ram. Had read 

 a prise essay on lbc Bullject by j j Tbo „ as> pub . 

 I.»!>cd in the Transactions of the New York State 

 Agricultural Society. Supposed of course the au- 

 tbor.ly to be good. Soon found the tormented 

 thing to be more of a bor t than a ram. The great 

 fadiug of writers on agricultural implements geoe- 

 rally, appears to be to tell all their good qualities, 



and say nothing of their imperfections, 

 rate, it proved to be so in this iwunce. There 

 was an abundant supply of good water. I took five 

 feet fall, and thirty-three feet of one and one-fourth 

 ineh lead pipe for supply pipe. Gave tig for an 

 Instrument, and used 8-S lend pipe to convey the 

 Water. Dug my ditches deep, and put all together 

 >u a workmanlike manner, as I supposed, and set 





celled for growing on 

 ■ '■■! stable 

 unure in which you have reason to believe 

 there are many foul seeds. Guano is an admirable 

 manure, nothing better, and hen manure is the 

 next thing to it. These two manures will nol ■>■ 

 itroy weeds, unless used iu such quantities as to de- 

 stroy the crop also, but they are flee from the seed of 

 (reedt, mid therefore when using these you are not 

 sowing a foul crop, as is often the case when using 

 manures from the stable. Make the surface of the 

 sod as fine and smooth as possible, and free from 

 stones. Then sow with a drill or by hand, making 

 the rows just wide enough to hoe conveniently, say 

 time, learned that they had ^ tweU« or fourteen inches, und the plants 

 i particular was that the air five inches apart in the rows. Of course i 

 1 water, when the ram would cannot be sown very precisely, but this 

 d if there was head enough regulated in thinning out. Sew lb. seed 

 ewhere. Mr. Thomas said | as the ground is dry enough to work, which will 



Summer of 1857, J.J. Thomas or Union Springs, 

 L. B. LASGWORTny of Greece, practical agricul- 

 , and C. Dkwk.y of the University of Unch- 

 ester, were selected as the Committee. 



.econnt of the strong opposing views in the 

 farming interest on this subject, the Committee de- 

 termined to make the experiment as clear and de- 

 os possible. To prevent all mistake arising 

 from the earth used, they made two conditions : — 

 1st, That the earth should be boiled in water for 

 two hours that nny and all seeds in it might be de- 

 stroyed; and 2d, That the earth should be put into 

 a box or pan of adequate depth and size, that the 

 wheat sown might be isolated. The Farmer ac- 

 cepted these conditions, aud the Committee agreed 

 to follow his directions. 



To make the trial more suiisl;ieti.>ry, four pans of 

 the prepared earth or soil were taken, one by each 

 of the Committee, and the other by the Farmer 

 himself. The experiments were thus made at a 

 distance of several miles from each other. 



The wheat was sown or planted in September, 

 part in the unshelled heads and part in the seed 

 alone, both furnished by the Farmer. 



The course of vegetation hud no peculiarity! but 

 the wheat plants were crushed down to the earth 

 several times iu the autumn, according to the For- 

 mer's directions, and in the spring again, by 

 loosening the earth to break in at the roots, the 

 whole being exposed to the action of all the ele- 

 ments from the sowing of Ihe seed to tho maturity 

 of the plants in July, 1858. 



One result appeared in each of the four experi- 

 ments :— W7itat, and only Wluat, was grown. The 

 Committee sent me their written result, and the 

 Farmer, while viewing my twenty-live heads of 

 . only, stated the complete failure of his own 

 experiment to produce any Chess. 



■ experiment seems to have been perfectly 

 conducted on the principles proposed by the Far- 

 The result will confirm those who believe 

 that Chess always vegetates from its own seed in 

 earth, and from nothing else, ou the principle 

 declared of old, "The earth brought forth grass, 

 and herb yielding fruit after his kind." 



a previous experiment, in ls, r >0-7, the same 

 Farmer, without any precautions to destroy all 

 seeds in the earth used, sowed his wheat, and found 

 Chess growing with his wheat. Ou tracing each 

 Chess-plant into the earth by carefully removing 

 the soil, he found each one growing distinctly by 

 itself as if springing from separate seed, that is, 

 no root of Chess grew united to the roots of the 

 Wheat, or the roots of Wheat growing from or in- 

 to those of Chess. Several gentlemen aided in 

 this tracing of the roots, and all adopted the same 

 conclusion. C. Dewey. 



DESIGN" FOR A. CORN HOUSE. 



Messhs. Eds.:— Id the Rural or January 15th, 

 H. B. H. asks for tbe plan of a Corn House that 

 II be sure (ire against rats and mice, and so con- 

 rucled as to Ihoroughly cure newly husked corn. 

 Inclosed I send you a sketch of the '■ Elevation " of 

 ill) a granary, that suits me. It will admit 

 of almost any required reduction or extension in 

 ze. It is 24 by 18 feet, posls 11 feet, which extend 

 vo feet below the floor, and rest on stone supports 

 glit inches high, and sunk into the ground three 

 :et. The ftndflyS feet apart, are set 1'., inchc Hi- 

 de of face of the sills and posls, with strips ol 

 lank 2 by 4, notches cut in them in the form ol 

 a ri»ht-angled triangle, the base l'£ inches deep, 

 the hypotheimse ."' , inches long, the perpendicular 

 parallel with tbe face of the plank, one immediately 

 above the other, nailed on the sides with the back 

 corners of the notches even with the face of the 

 Studs. Clapboards, (i inches wide, are nailed on 

 the notches, with the lower edge extending '<J inch 

 below the notch, aud the upper edge of the clap- 

 board iu the next notch below; thus leaving a 

 space of one inch between the two clapboards 

 which admits plenty of nir, und ut the same time 

 prevents tbe ruin from blowing in upon the corn. 

 The bins are 3 feet wide, extending both sides of 

 tbe building — the floor does not extend under the 

 bins — the bottom of the bins are formed of strips 

 one meh thick and three inches wide, set edgewise, 

 one ineh apart. The doors should be hung with 

 strap hinges — so that they can he taken off in tbe 

 fall, and doors made of slats hunc m their places. so 

 as to admit of a free circulation of air through the 

 building. The floor overhead is l'*J feet below the 

 top of tho plates, and the entrance to the upper 

 story through the floor directly over the window, 

 by means of a movable ladder. 



The granary is in the Center of tbe building, and 

 is G feet w ule by IS feet long, with two partitions 

 dividing it into three bins. It rises 2 feet above 

 the upper floor, and extends down to within 6 feet 

 of the lower floor. The grain is drawn up with a 

 tackle hitched directly over tbe entrance to the up- 



l hi i 



f a. slid 



t the 





n fai-l ii 



I fflntl r ii. ..i 



md Barley 



not expect to And any C 



able pair of steps, 4 fact high, with the 

 board on the top one foot wide. The en trance steps 

 should be made and hung so that the door cannot 

 be shut when they are down, but must be turned 

 up into the building in order to close it thus avoid- 

 ing the possibility of leaving it down for mice to 

 run up. There should be a tin fender, 6 inches in 

 width, nailed around each post, close to the sill 

 projecting downwards. B. c. B. 



OUst 



nibs 



ill jihiee sills of sound, hard Vi 



rabbit of an inch and a hull' depth, in order to ad- 



i.l.iul; i ■ . .mh. .-- tlnck. (The plank should bo 



hardwood.) Over this may be used i il If, 



l what is more tVhi.muble QOfl .l.iys.) boardsup 

 and down, battening the cracks. The floor may be 

 laid with good, sound hemlock I.e. mis. 1 inch thick, 

 ,d laid double, It should be ceil.d wnb 

 well-seasoned hemlock boards, matched nod well 



pul i Ihei The heighl between lower aud uu- 



leet — tbe same above tho second 



Hj itbe plates, The granary, A, may be cut 

 JTinlobins.lo suit Ihe tttflta of Umowoei M 



■ >:. will be found very convenient for 



barrels utel 00X89, for keeping full fruit, A 6. A 

 small box stove would be of some service in the 

 process, especially in dump weather. 



The plan of the second floor gives you a crib, C, 

 the whole length of the building upon one side, and 

 on the other, is a crib, 0, part way, leaving Bufli- 

 cieut room to go up and down stairs. At one end 

 of the alley we have a door of sufficient sine to ad- 

 mit of large boxes of corn, winch maybe drawn 

 up by means of a pulley iu the ridgo above. At 

 the opposite end a large wiudow for light, and also 

 for n drought of air. At the figure ft, in the alley, 

 should be a screen lived in Ihe floor coarse enough 

 to let shelled corn tbTOUgbj 0T6F this may be placed 

 the corn-sheller. The corn, after being shelled, 

 passes through the screen into a comb, 

 tunnel-shape,) which empties it in a large bin be- 

 low, leaviug the cobs above. The froutof tbecriba 

 should be made of slats iu order to let iu air. The 

 corn may be taken from small doors, near the bol- 



lof t 







Messrs. Eds.: — Having noticed a cull 

 of a Corn House in the RtriUL of January Kitb, I 

 send tbe following, which, perhaps, may meet the 



not those of H. B. H. Considering, however, that 

 H. B. H. is one of the few that believe in the say- 

 ing of a certain writer, that " )Vh<U U worth doing 

 at all u worth doing ,r ' !! " we wil1 com *MOce by 

 laying a good stone wall in lime mortar, (which 

 will not be a good harbor for rate and mice,) and ' A bent 



If this plan for a Corn House does not mi 

 wants, .f any of tbe farmers or Old Monroe, per- 

 haps somo other will, li not, I would recommend 

 them to move right on in the good old way. They 

 will then keep on good term, with the rats, mice, 

 squirrels, Ac. ASOMOMIM 



Cadiz, CnUaraugUB Co., N. Y., 18W. 



Eds. Ruba..:-'" your usuc of January 15th, U. 

 Q II uki <■■' » i' 1 "" " f ttt "" 1 House. We have 

 a cheap aud convenient corn crib here, which wua 

 nrst introduced in this vicinity by J. W. Stockixo, 

 of Barre. It « " 3ure fi|, e against rats and mice," 

 and gives general satisfaction. As I am not able 

 U> give any drawings, I will endeavor to describe 

 ihe crib as plain as possible. 



A crib, to hold about l.nijn bushels of earn, should 

 be IS feet wide and 24 feet long. It should stand 

 on oak or cedar posts set 2 feet in the ground, aud 

 at least 2 feet above Ihe surface at the highest part 

 of the ground. The posts should be tapered to- 

 wards the top so that a tin pan may be put on, bot- 

 tom up, and fit snug. There should be eight po»W 

 — three under each side and one under Ihe middle 

 of each end sill. Frame the sills OS for any oilier 

 building of the same size, with u sufficient number 

 of sleepers to make the floor linn. The floor may 

 be made of plank, or inch boards laid double. The 

 rest of the frame may be made of 3 by 4 * 

 Ode liv Inimitig the rafters o 



..-^r^ 



25EX2 



