110 



MOORE'S &TOAL HEW-YOHKEH. 



APKIL 2. 



■ 



.< he may get a ma;- 



'■' 



■ , iHodm the subject of Wi 



tog called tor to the Royal, permit ir 



to " rotate my exptrienc* .'* For the greater port 



of the l-i fire ;«n, I bare bad a No. 4 It 



■nrrr.^ul operation. It lia* required a good deal 



of attention ■< limo, an..] some repair* ; but 



■ !• • it hat done ita work well. Jt ■ 



umI.t ajfidT«J octl andabalf 



ibt feet long; derate* the 



•rater OB* but i. ...re the Ram. 



and ttttcbafg< rods f one . 



'i pipe, thirty gallons per hour. 



1 i ud a quarter lead drirc 



■od our half pound* per 



1 



I then replaced It with 



ill must be re- 

 1 I would uw 



■' Bl I ll id ' I ■ ■ |'i|' 



Tin ,i, i i. quality oi li id 



thirteen pound* per DM, and is amply 

 DTercome the great prea- 

 »i,,, Working, under so grcot n bend oa thirteen 

 .1. -ruble but, 

 baring worn ■■■ i ■ 



ulir in the air-chamber has been re-ploccd. 

 I ■!■ i ronalder th, fiUtngof ;'■ . 



mil. , 



■ proper 



DZZP AJT1) PALL PLOWtNG.-OBJECnOSS 



■in pr 



Agricultural 1'r 



to be almoat t 

 good system of farming. ' 



■ 

 danl ct-<i>-, by simply t 



ofaoil. 



■ 



iU-r ridicuh-. 



face," •aahalloii 



ordeoounoed, and the farmer who practices 

 tauntingly reminded tt,nl his "farm - 



often Bee the farmer, who inverts only the mwi 



ing larger crop* end with more ptofll than his neigh 

 rerteAu farm agood way I 



■thee 



■ 



..Oil. ! 



ru.g i: 



lead pipe wltti a button needle, Joel btek - I Ibc 

 mie Iron pipe mi 

 1 1 One, burdened awl. A cci 



In i.-i.ih I m:" >■■ I.-. 'I !!:•■ chamber with 



aahle u a pediment to the working 



If too lurjp-, be. ides le.--e g 



(In I 



of II 



surplu 





und lessens I lie .| My 



■ I be made i try tmalt, then 

 The sound oftlie oi] , 



Will iiuliculc Hie absence 



This It mil lias i 



1 months 

 w illi. ml mil nt r , ■ ,, ; then, a^iiiii, it has required 



■Irani 'iii'i. aotfee, for lereral weeks, till in good 

 repair uguiu They must In; thoroughly put down, 

 mid have a thorough and ingenious owner lo look 

 iifr. i rb.in, oi eltt ibei are useleU. They wear 

 ■ i. He p I. .portion 1.. the hihui 



iii.i here lo pet i.. i ni. in the tbsenoe ol othei 



mm i oil hi iiiiiiii.-t ■•! obtiLJniiig fresh water, or fur 

 ■tOClt, Ho' Ram will pay, For durability und main 



dependence, lei ll be the "eVntrr wort"— C. D. 

 A., Otddet, V, ? , !/■■■ 



Mr. Mooiik — Too ask for information about 

 water rams. 1 have had one in successful opera- 

 tion for Ion years, and most of the time two or 

 three, all throwing watoi through the same pipe, 



til..-.- . i.-i.n,. inch. Our gives ua water enough 



for use tit the bouse and barn, but two or three 



brings it up cooler. Our spring is fifty rods from 



thohouji , fall from spring to ratnalsieet, nnd elc 



eel iV*< tried wood for drive pipe and 



found it admitted lit through the pons and wonld 



U e bin. ii-e.l lead pipe, but it 1ms 



girn ns some trouble by cracking; it has nut sulli- 



■ th in' inch a pressure. Have used 



■ with perftol luccess. li eosta from 



81 to I ut*. according to size. Ours is forty feet 



long, and should not he less. 



There arc a few difficulties that must be under 

 ■nod and DTercome in order to success. First— 



1 1 n ■ n- t be ft small bole through the trip ol Hie 



rli im' pip*, close by the ram, to supply the air 

 1 1 mini,, i ,Mtb ii.-b nir or it will soon be exhausted, 

 but it must be as small as it can be made with a fine 

 cambric needle. 3d, All the rest of the air must 

 l, i nil. K excluded. The upper end of the drive 

 pipe should be at least six niches under water, and 

 ■I ■ Wl ill perfectly nii-tight. 3d, The ram must 

 be packed sous lo boperfect^eir-tight, both inter-.. 

 i.'nmllv; and 1th, The water must he 



I '!"' tnefroni nil Hunting matter. Ou these 



conditions our nuirhitics have furnished us with 

 abundant nl" water since we closed them up lost 

 fall till the spring rains riled the water a few days 

 miuv. „,,,| then „,. i,.,,! ,„ Bpeud about three 

 mnnili s o, irh-anini; the sand on! of the valve, sin. e 

 WhlohWt him Qol (BOO them. Our water comes 

 through ths bout* end then to the ham, and the 



10 drawing what water m 

 use out of a well fifteen feet deep. — M. Himax- 

 Uik, Safaawfoo, U. 



■ - -Having seen several inoniri-* in 

 the EtBULi rolatife 

 that 1 would giTC J 

 bare in operation. 



!' ''I I I Hie I'l n. ' 



I'l'H pipe, and 

 M Inch lor curryini; the nat t -r to the house. The 

 Rain is ouo ol the largest siie, and running now 

 under a head of nine feet. It has been working 



i» Hydraulic Rains, I thought 

 a on account of one that we 

 ur bouse stands about eighty 



Th. 



rs, with only a trifliug expense for repau 

 mly trouble that we experience, is with 

 ralTe for i»rrving off the waste water. This 

 not »und the jarring consequent on such a 

 I of water more thau four years, at the outside 

 as we can gel them cast and turned at almost 

 lung a pattern, this >, not a 

 defcev The whole expense of setting 



.,. Miniiuer, is not. after all, just the 



■ 



■ 



lied oil" before 



be ou gel >' " righl linl up," once re 



The idea, whiofa some entei tein, that deep pi 



iiihj- Hi.' soil to i, L-iiuti'i depth, gives 



■ outlet for the mi plus autftee water, and carries 

 don 'I out "I tbj win .it pi, mts thus serving a; 

 ■ - most fallacious Para- 

 doxical as it mm loom, the loosening of any soil 



nlh reiiib'ts ,1 more r'omjutel and impeivioi 

 atei. In every soil nol n-i .-nllv distuib.'.l I !,.■,.■ 



e little watercourses through which the water 

 -■uik- down, ami is gradually drawn off. These 

 i the land. Even in clay 

 lands these water-courses exist, though, of course, 

 they are more numerous on lighter soils. In dig- 

 gtng down, in wet weather, in land full of water, 

 you may always strike these springs, at a few 

 inches from the wi face, where tin water will flow, 

 often in -i strejiTii as larye as your thumb, or larger, 



and ii foo make an outli t hr ditoh, it will pass off 

 to lower ground. The effect of plowing such land 

 is to break up these water-courses, and make the 



land on ■urn pact and heavy than before. If any 



one do, ibis ibis h-i bun dig a ditch, place in the 

 tile, or atone enough to form a good drain, aud 

 .-...,, then, the earth thrown ou! will not fill it to 

 the mirface. So much more compact is the soil, 

 when loosincil, that, after a large post has been 



I ever had the bee* got from 



■ 



All of the box hunev 

 the fields aad woods, 

 clover and bass wood 



My apiaxyia inclosed 



S with a tight board 

 it one foot from the 



tend my- bees out mtbea 



ground, with the front raised about one inch, and 

 in front, about half way up, there is an inch bole 

 which I always keep open except when troubled 

 With i ii ice, then I put n piece of wire-cloth over the 



them out In cold, (rot! 

 take a small stick and rap gently on the hive to 

 warm them up, — t bey will get to buzzing, ond their 

 auuiiiiou ,r,|| tbaw out the frost in the coldest 

 weother. I have bad but one swurnj freeze to death. 

 Er,-,E\E Lew 



Rm-ol Spirit of the press, ^gvicnlturnl itliscclluim. 





[■I. i' i 'I in ii post bob-, dirt must 

 other sources to fill (<> Hie surface. 



But it is said that the action of air and frost on 

 the subsoil, w ill, in time, make it the best of land, 



,..!■ where .(complete system of draiu- 

 a.-e bus been carried out, arc often cited as proof. 

 II the land is wet, as much of our land is, and full 

 of water, i in spring till Hie last of July, and in 

 autumn from the liisl of August, I to plow it up is 

 mik in make Ibe mire deeper. Such land needs to 

 bt-tlntiitsilfirrt -then plow ns deep as you choose — 

 in naturally dry soils, deep plowing may be bene- 



flolol, 



The prevalent idea that we must plow in the fall 

 in order to uivc the frost ft chance to act upon the 

 soil, is dually contradicted by the facts of Ameri- 

 lUmatology. When the frost erorj winter 





i -ran: 



nli. ii the im-ieury often 



far below — we may plow in 

 the fall, for nny other reason than that of "expos- 

 ing the land to frost," The truth is, fall plowing is 

 borrowed from the practice of English farmers, 

 win. naturally lake pains lo make the most of what 

 tittle frost they have, and with them full plowing 

 is a most reasonable practice. But their land 

 1 1 rained, so t bat when it thaws jt does not fallback 

 unfathomable mud, as it does here, but 

 a light und dry in the spring. Besides, t 

 ns in uholk „„/,;-,' ours. Well do we 

 bcr iu childhood counting the months, we 

 ITU days, to " the pleasant month of Mor 

 i, as our English primers informed us "spring 

 d be here iu all its loveliness, — when (oh, 

 delusive hope,! the trees would put on 

 tiful robes of green, and the little lambs would be 

 skipping and playing in the green men 

 may do for children to be cheated by 

 tnlogy of Engli-h primers — but it is too bad for 

 grown up men to adopt indiscriminately the ideas 

 and praetleOJ of English Agriculti 



PROFITS OF BEE-KEEPING, 



Means. Ens. :— In niate BuBAl,, "A .Subscriber, 



of Rome, N. V., wants me to "sit down and give 



statement for the past ten years— if I have for. 



bees that length of time — and recount the profits 



of each year as near as possible, foilurcs as well i 



triumphs. 



Well, in the spring of 1861, I commenced wii 



■o swarms. One was in nn old-fashioned bo: 



ve, without any cap or boi for surplus hunev 



the other was a chamber-hive, with a place to bU 



box that would hold twenty pounds. With 



"" lirst year, 1 got four good 



ms, two from each, and forty pounds of box 



honey from the chamber hive — none fron 



other. Thenext twoy, nr! ., i-;,2 :'., I put my young 



the old box-hives without any caps 

 bOMa surplus honey, for the reason that some folks 

 took away the box honey my bees would 

 ond, as 1 did not know orach about the 

 management of bees, for fire years my profits were 

 llie-e riveyears, from the cham- 

 n one to two boxes of honer 



ABOUT CIDEB-MAKESO. 



Uaasna. Ens. -In tbeltciiALof Jan. 15th, I 

 Mi. L. II. Maslt's article on eider-making, u 

 which I will make a (uw remarks. JJis idei 

 making good cider from wormy windfalls, and 

 tea applee, is correct,— it cannot be done. The 

 using of mustard eced and raw beef to keep cider 



ded improvcni 



through the : 

 article l belle 



Yankee can in 



!C, but 



■..-■./ lo ben 





" to rotlen nppte cider to drown 

 a barrel by leaving the bung o 

 ion. The last clause of Mr! M 





" operation n 



■ t 



I apprehend that the reason whv so many 



EEftJ ! Uamsis/U 



JArwL IMS, "■ Cawi ' Ad***"** 



Bral 



■orjaMfam Oomanoo leratehea d*i .. r ^'" - 1 '" 



easily be cored by from two to fire daily Jj£, 



t of healthy human excrement, apptivd ^ 



-"— a thorough cleansingwiihCasWe-n. 



1 be new to your ncadora I wl.. 



c the privilege of commumciianc n 



lana, ■fibeJaa f ff. Andrtw Co., Jfo. 



ive, I got 



them in these hires a 

 year I got no box-hoi 

 had forty-two swan 



I got 



In the eprinj 





I'orty-twii 1 got nineti 

 twenty chamber-lures, as near as I can recollect 

 S«0 pounds of honey — none from the others. In 

 the spring of 16&T 1 bad iifly- three swarms, and 

 .muds of box honey, which Isold for 16 

 cents per pound. The young swarms I put into 

 hives made as recommended by Mr. Qcinbt — the 

 best bvvc thai 1 know of In the spring of 1658 I 

 had sixiy-oine swarms, and from these I took, the 

 paat summer, 2,515 pound*, which I aold for IS 

 •pauper pound. lamarinteringcightr- 



ie. or make cider <juul 

 good. My experience 

 bu langhl me the contrary. If I desired to make 

 vinegar, I would grind and express at once. 



More than f.it. v years ago I made cider for i 

 father, in the State of Vermont, tfo.it u- a.- ,.Ar 

 Our method was as follows:— Gather the appl, 

 clean and dry. when ripe ; grind them line, (about 

 li'O bushels at a lime) let the pomace remain iu the 

 vat from 24 to 4S hours, according to the season, 

 until (lie first signs of fermentation appear, (by- 

 producing little bubbles on the surface,) then ex- 

 press moderately, or, rather, let it drain out. We 

 used dry, clean, sweet straw to lay up the pom- 

 ; after the first run, the cider will be clear, 

 high colored, rich and mellow in taste. The story- 

 all told yet. Every cider-maker knows, or 

 ought to know, that a full barrel of cider, as it 

 i from press, will /•/•ale dntrn from 2 to 4 quarts- 

 should be well duue, by shaking and rapping 

 the lead-, then again filled to the full, bunged 

 tight and placed in a cold cellar, and allowed to 

 ferment through a spile, or girablct hole, 

 h working over.) Towards the last I put 

 the spile in gently, aud raise it daily to let the wind 

 lout, replacing it .pncktly to keep the common 

 from it, continuing this us long as it requires 

 it. 1 then keep the cask tight, and all is done, 

 but th* drinking of good PtoV. Cider made in 

 iiinot work hard or sour, there is notb- 

 muke it do so. Adding a gallon of good 

 Brandy— not Logwood— when the cider is worked 



One word more, Mr. Editor. Will you try ou 



;peruuetit ! Take two apples, i alike) bruise one 

 gently to u pulp, nol break the skin, let it remain 

 I hoots, thru squeeze out the juice and note the 

 lor ond UuU. Bruise the other aud squeeze out 

 ie juice '/"i'lti/, and yon will find a material dif- 

 ference. The first will have the richness of the 

 apple, the last wilt oulv be tit fur vinegar. 

 Back Woods of t'nnn, i„, 180$, „ , 



WHAT AXLED THE STEER! 



tms ItintAi 



observation, which is i 

 such cases may be qui 1 



n ith purging, although 

 ate but little, nnd rumi 

 sppn hooded nothing very sei 

 hare its way for two or three 

 two doses of epsom salts, and 



gents, all, apparently, withoul 



■ has lately come under my 

 new thing to me, although 



■ familiar to cattle growers, 

 ivo years old, quite thrifty 



in its worst form. lie 

 on ceased entirely. I 



', and let ni 



CamumpHoa of Fo.-.i ,,.,.- csntle. 



■ ■■ ■ . 



■■■'■' »s follows :- 

 1 half century there hare been many 



- ' 'her targe or small animals are tin 

 most profitable. In my opioion the twiddle-surd 

 animala, whether cattle or sheep, are Ihe best, and 

 an bad. The celebrated and far- 

 famed Mr. Osa-ewel i n ,, | i ii.i-tersbire.the 

 man who lived a century befoG* Ins day, was heard 

 to -..*. that flat-sided a..,mal.. with large, deep 

 - HSed much more food than barrel- 

 tomied animals iv i th straight bellies I mean bellies 

 Within a Straight Iblt drawn ft, .in the breast to the 

 bottom part of th( thigh); and that large-boned 

 arumala were great consumers of food. And tin 

 same great luminary in agriculture, proved wh a 

 be asserted, by weighing food daily to differently 

 l iTii.il anmials, great uod small, the lesser con 

 suming much less food than the larger; all of whicl 

 was much in favor of Mr Itakevvefl's neiv Leice-lei 

 sheep, that have the least garbage or any kind of 



ihaep in I""]- i to the nreight of mutton— 



which has led ttie breeders of Liocoh.. i 

 and Dojan sheep, to mutate the Bakewell barrel- 

 form, with small eutruils. Common sense sars 

 huge Inaidoa have entrails iu proportion, uud of 

 rourse take a large quantity of food to All them, 

 which is worth consideration, as an animal may be 

 greot and good, nnd good and not great ; size has 

 nothing to do with profit. It is not what an ani- 

 mal makes, so much us what it costs mukiog." 



Is reviewing nn article upon this subject pub- 

 lished in the Northtrn Farmer, 11. A. Cook, of 

 Columbia Co., N. V., remarks :— " We agree with 

 the writer in regard to the kind of cows and quality 

 of food, but when lie speaks of the milk standing 

 twenty-four hours before it is skimmed, we think 

 he is not posted, fur we use one of the four minute 

 churns, and churn our milk light from the cow, 

 having no trouble lo churn from one to three pails 

 full, with all ease, within that time, besides dis- 

 pensing with our milk-cans and milk-room. By 

 this system, we have our butter-milk new and 

 sweet to feed the pigs, und certainly ten per ceut. 

 more aud better butler, than by the old process — 

 He then says that 'the butter should be removed 

 atray.andthe buttermilk rinsed off with water," 

 :. Now, iu this section, we'd rather keep away 

 the cold water, ami the old 'tray,' aud use Wil- 

 "s butter-worker, which will enable the dairy- 

 I to work all the butter-milk out iu less than 

 quartet of the time than by the old way, und 

 unit blistering the hand, or making the wrist 

 lame, which is often the case with the old ladle." 



A wiitTEn in the Ohio Furmer&ays : — " I desire 



publish to the world my method of keeping tires 



tight on wheels. I ironedu wagon some year.-a^o 



f own use; before putting on the tires, I 



i.nimuioii. and i- regarded u o 

 rasa brother of Don Un ■" Bi -i 

 n<t (ether of MaJ, Qvsn T, Bbookj 



A Mar of VurR Farm would 



,;;:, 



iTi'i'-o' 



e to injury fri.ni bad 



before h 



tnes^ and 



"Fu 



T On 

 ie obj 



el of the farmer » 



!„"'., "no 



z a *\t 



■ .■■, h, 



I'lllHTlt, 



,''„'," 



• he eo.ii plant, but 



Le'whte! 



sndpniiU- 







mo«r ct books, bu 





bave care- 



tWlj .-in 



is fur 



■l Ihoroagbly andorstand a 



few of the 

 nty tofltly 



!;;,';:;,' 



. tlior,.,,..!, and proDlablo 



";;:::;; 



UkTuI 



oni managem 













t ri), harresllni 



iinpr. IK 





11 EAV 





unneeeaeary amoun 



of taxes 





■ AM. I'l VI , 1 . Ill 



,. letter 



llnding lo 



aud v 



foru 



. tight . 





" ' My i 



day- 



icuadose of astr 

 any effect. I g £ 



id-ball, thinking 

 might baic lust bis cud. His horns contained I 

 usual wainilli until the last twelve hours. All 

 he died I made an internal examination, found the 

 1st, 2d, 8d, and 4lh stomachs in somewhat of 

 natural state; nn unusual lurge liver, and a 

 enormous -all. about live inches in diameter, c 

 large enough to fill a two-quart vessel. I then 

 thought it might be a concref: 

 searched diligently, but found n 

 stone in it, Any li^lit upon such u disease would 

 be \ <■ iv obliging to me. 



Wan ro Pww Ci-atby Soils.— Seeing i 

 Rt'KAL of January -th an article over the signature 

 a challenge to anyn: 



prove that he, "!»., 



rotate foil plowing 

 of making them mc 





, the 



j wrong, he says " many ud- 

 cloyey soils for the purpose 

 i more friable, but the best time to 

 soil, to effect a permanent amctiora- 

 ummer." Sow. if •• P. " will prove 

 It will gratify me and a great many 



more of the readers of the Rcral. I bav 

 cious soils always plowed in the fall — and the 

 reason giren wss, that the action of the frost freed 

 thesoilandmadeitas loose os an asb-heap. Where 

 the plowing was left till summer, tbe soil was 

 always bard and lumpy, so much so, that it hod to 

 be harrowed and rolled a number of times before 

 could raise a mould on it, and then it was not 

 s good order as with the fall plowing for spring 



^elltr" " 



Foot Rot rjn Snasr.— For tbe benefit of your 

 -cadere, I wish to inform you how I cored several 

 ahcep that had the foot-root very bad. Pare awav 

 ■ rotten hoof, then apply spirits of tar .'keep 



linseed oil for one hour; it would be much 

 better if the oil was heated. The timber should 

 igbly dry, as green timber will not take 

 the oil. Care should be tnken that the timber will 

 durable. I was amused some time 

 ago, when I told a blacksmith of this method, as 

 ho replied thot it was profitable work to tighten 

 es; aud I suppose the wagou maker will say that 

 a profitable to make and repair wheels. But 

 what will the farmer soy?" 



r of the Mains Farmer says 

 Hint Mr. El isha Super, of Oilund, bus for years fed 

 his sheep, for the purpose of forwarding 

 nit received but little benefit therefrom. 

 it thought there might be a better way, so 

 the experiment ot feeding bis lambs with 

 a trough nude by nailing two boards 

 together, covering the ends, and raising it sis 

 inches from tbe floor, lie puts in the outs, and 

 leaves them until the lambs learn to cat, which he 

 says, they will do when about three weeks old. 

 He leaves a passage for the lambs so small that his 

 sheep cannot trouble them, both in his barn and in 

 a yard made for the purpose, after going to pus- 

 tule, aud continues to bed until be sells, which i* 

 in June. He has lambs ten weeks old that will 

 dies: fifteen pounds per quarter. 



Says the AmtHcan Stock Journal* — m r^mp i 



that come early ore invariably the largest, strong 

 est und most heallby; consequently, they are the 

 he.>t lir.'i.'iler-,, The ewe that has her lamb early 

 has sufficient time to get in good order before 

 ter, and alter the lamb is weaned she is not subject 

 to wcnltncss ond disease as are those of late * 

 ing, aud is consequently a better breeder the 

 season. Poor, late, feeble Iamb3 and ewes should 

 never be permitted to breed, for if such are, it inva 

 nablv li.lloivs Hut the thick will degenerate, (fen 

 erating or breeding ewes should always be selected 

 Ewes sometimes continue strong ond productive 

 until twelve or fifteen years of age ; this depends 

 on their genera! health nnd constitution." 



WtNTsrtixG Stock.— I see " R. M., " of Michigan, 

 wants somebody's experience In wintering stock, 

 and thus give him an idea why cattle will some- 

 times grow " lean, " even though supplied with all 

 (apparent) "creature comforts." I have been 

 through Ihe some mill,— went through annually,— 

 until I learned, 1st, We must feed eoongh, and that 

 which is good enough to get an animal thriving. 

 Sd, They do better to keep entirely out of the yard 

 t when feeding, or, in other words, not to 

 ith (him. 3d, A tcarm yard is better for 

 stock than a aarm stable. True, they will cat more 

 un in— and that is just what I like to see, for 

 animals eat heartily 1 soon expect 

 -V. J'., 1-,;;.. 





I by a wot 







three or four dav». 



slocks I with their u)t badpj 



| W. L. AsW/ctM.jfe 



Goon Aovire.— Though 



perhaps rather late. 



retrain from giving pari of 





roi (hi Si ii .' n wired - 



mc weeks ago from 



W.-.L.rn (..rreiporulent : — 











the mbjeet, reme 



that Intelligent labor U be 



er rewarded than ] 







ehsnged in Hi curs.' mul 1 





ened as easllj ■ rirai 





■umdlmjAt applied. 



Ncstto 



choice of crops 





dd be full, tl.or 



ciniiibie in erery p 







tbe ground to the ha 



meting 



t the product." 



f oeeored in 13». 





