

THETR^EL£B- 



* ^J?* 



MOOHE'S KIFKJlL HEW-YORKEK. 



121 



LETTERS FROM A HTTNGABIAN. 



C"-' ,c 



Dm. Fknw Hoo*«:-H»Ting retoroed Iron 



the Stadtuu'-d^n intotllO MDtW 

 jjuntnl the splendid suspension bridge which cu- 

 ll iDgiriuM 

 with apopulalmn of .bout r,.o00, (mostly Herman,) 



;, | t along the I k of *« Danube, portly tar- 



racelike on two rock... The main portion or the 

 City form, a strong fortress which has "^ 



twca tr a! s within the pes! Ihree centuries, toe 



h,.i „f w h,.l. took place in the Revolution of '49, 

 when the bravo Magyars wrested the fort from tbe 



ha rfUrtAwtrfaoi Tbt !■«•*, 1 mam 



nit r thin defeat, (or, as the inscription '"> «* 



monument says, in memnrv offienerul IIsxtw and 

 I,,, M ,idLn-. who ■S.n-ritl.-e.l Iheir life here for 



li l , jl( ,| ll „ 1 i 1 ">. 1 M t , 1 |h 1 lR5a,nbeau. 

 ,jf,dgoil,ie monument of cu*t ir,,n, 110 feel high, or 



,. . „t. ,..■!- i I ■■'< I..1 "'■■'■ ' Tl " 



sis sides of the monument contain the foregoing 

 hmrfpHon frith the n»m« of 418 "Tapfi " 

 (oHoirf on* ) w ho fell here. The ttweriptio 



evidently cnloulnied to produce a wrong imp 

 sion One would natumlly infer from it that 

 AuHtrmo* lost no more than 418 at the seige of 

 Of,,,, while, in fuel, their loss was considerably 

 greater. The inscription probably refers 

 41S who were killed on the spot (\\\c Georgi squarn 



monument U trecttd. A rider firm 

 linl.linK t!»- sword though sinking from his hors 

 while an angel crowns his head w itlia laurel wreat 

 represent the fallen defender of the fort, Oener 

 ll, | V.nlv. this noble monument would hoi 

 been worthy of a better cause. Hut it stands 

 there, as it were, in mockery of the heroic C 

 of the fort by the brave Hungarians. 



Speaking of this monument. I cannot hel] 

 Honing the strange idea whicli has entered il 

 minds of many Hungarians — and which 

 have communicated to me with the utmost 

 nnco — that tho Hungarian Revolution w 

 tor all, secretly effected by Austrii 

 tfatmielrei ; and n few go even so fn 

 KOMDTB of having been such nn emissary. This 

 notion is based mi the follow in l' reasoning 

 criy, say they, Hungary was in every respect free, 

 though dependent on Austria for its protection.— 

 For this Hungary annually contributed a certain 

 amount of money ond men for tbe general expen- 

 ,, i and <l< I. use of the Austrian Government. If 



Au (no* isbod for moro than ibestipulotcdamount, 

 it depended on the good will of the Hungarian 

 people; forllungary had its own Parliament and 

 its National Guards, as well as many other special 

 institutions. It thus often happened that when 

 Austria desired a hundred thousand men for the 

 armr. or so many ducat* for public expenditures, 

 thi il Parliament of Hungary would chari- 



■ :i t,i give ene/ourM, or perhaps one- 



ihird of the desired amount. Now. as this method 

 was rather loo preearioui a thing for the Austrian 

 <;,m iiuiii-iU, the latter secretly fanned the sparks 

 of dissatisfaction into the flames of rebellion, in 

 order to reduce the Hungarians to a more thorough 

 subjection by treating them as a rebellious people 

 Hud not Hungary dsclartd itself independmi 

 Austria could never have fuind auy pretext for 

 forcing the former to obey all her imperial behests. 

 But irhsttvoi probability there may be in favor of 

 this opinion — as, for instance, Iho treachery of 

 QqaQIT, whose already victorious army might 

 have success fully •"<■<• the independence of Hun 

 gnry, had he not suddenly surrendered it — it i: 

 certain that Kossuth was no such secret emissary 

 his whole career, from the very first time that he 

 engaged in politic:*, sprnks against this assump- 

 tion. The oonJsfUMMI of I he Revolution, of course, 

 are as favorable to the Austriaus as they arc op - 

 [ih-smw l>i llu 1 Uuii^n inn- . ii description of which 

 1 attempted in my last. But I have already di 

 grossed loo far. I was speaking of Buda, and hero 

 I h .. ipe< ■■.! itlng about the lote Bi niggle forliberty. 

 Rut such is tho present appearance (externally us 

 well as internally,) of Hungary, that one can hardly 

 visit a single spot of note, without being reminded 

 of its recent political history. 



A short distance from theHixm monument is 



the royal pallet* built under CoABLn VI , the 



Iroal ol which (400 feet in - length,) faces the 



Danube, commanding the city of Pesth, on the op- 



X n one of ill two wings ore stored 



■■■■■, i ..i tlic I-, .l-i u Inch were buried 



. : i ' in lSlfi, but 



red Lgoin Sept. 8,) at the 



■l, vent lull, Allion. 



Half an hour's distance from the palace is the 



lofty Btockei , jeaj from 



L'esthanO Bi ] bi wwi 



i ol the astronomical 



obaerratory n] , XiW as 18H( 



then rises a solitary fori *bose cannons command 



■ i I Hungary to weU,lhol, had it existed 



K-volulion, lt 1ulg!ll , iaT0 prcTcnted 



the Hungarian,* from .terming Buda. Thus, the 



, of science ate obliged t« 



'ed Horn Pesth, 

 IbJa fort has llie appearance of a hoary mouster 



.. | 1,1:. ■ ■ 

 ■ . 



Many another iinport-mi ; | 



1 t Oftoi but a description i I 



Mai your readers, I will only mention 

 Um University (built in 178*,) wbii b 



redfUta. Among the Churches 



can f(a i a grandeur with the celebrated Cathedrals 



ad Prague, or the one recently dedi 



' ■■■■>« On the other hand, the wealthy 



' -.elite* of pealh are now rearing a Temph 



inned worship) in gotbie style 



kh, while u will be the most magnificent syna 



the world, will also bear tntitnonj hi the 

 architectural skill, as well as to the mt*\lb, ..f Hun- 

 garian Jews (tbe architect bi agoflbeJi wish i bi 

 uasion. and the probable cost, when finished, 

 ,carly half a million of dollars.) Already bare 

 the gilt roofs of the two. lofty lowers rmtoad tho 

 envy of some who suspected llie Jews of having an 

 nderground press for making counterfeit notes. 

 Rut the "children of Israel" have proved that 

 loathe to bring together their gold 

 and their silver for the purpose of rearing a sanc- 

 lary unto the Lord, as did their forefather* in the 

 ildernesa. And thus the tablet above tbe main 

 ilrnnce is fitly inscribed in letter* of gold with 

 the Hebrew verse which in our TO 



id they shall make me a sanctuary that I BMJ 

 dwell among them." (In Hebrew this verse con- 

 ns only fioe words.) 



Before closing thi.* letter, I must speak of one 

 portaut feature connected with the Hungarian 

 pital. viz.. the four quarterly markets or fairs 

 which lake place once every season. One of these 

 just drawing to a close while I was in Pesth— 

 it generally continues about two weeks. On such 

 lerclmnts from all parts of the country 

 gather here; some bringing with them their seve- 

 ral wares, ond displaying them in temporary 

 booths erected for the purpose on the most fre- 

 quented public squares, others (merchants on a 

 smaller scale) visiting the city for the purpose of 

 making purchases which, being made in cash, can 

 be effected much cheaper hero than anywhere else, 

 or on any other occasion. Of course, the city then 

 literally swarms with strangers; and, in the night, 

 every nook and corner of the public houses is oc- 

 cupied with a temporary couch. Having 



friend of 



llien stopping nt a private boarding-1 

 to take great care, in passing through 



who i 



.use, I had 

 baisfcftsft, 



heads or legs of the several 

 strangers who lay all over the floor, content with 

 having found so poor a night*" rot teat. Aside from 

 the mercantile advantages gained by these quar- 

 terly markets, (^fJtoc-i'aJ benefits derived from them 

 must not be overlooked. For, during the fortnight 

 which tbe stranger here spends, be visits in the 

 evening (when oil the "booths" are closed) the 

 German ond Hungarian theatres, tbe coffee sa- 

 loons, Ac, where he becomes acquainted with the 

 life, manners, ideas(social and political)of tbeciU 

 folks, and applies them with advantage in the v ill 

 ages and minor towns, whither he returns after the 

 "market." More anon. S. Tuska. 



SOLOMON'S TEMPLE 



Mr- Williams, the editor of the Utica Herald, 

 has reached Palestine in the course of his Eastern 

 travels. The following is an extract from his last 

 letter describing the " Holy City; " 



There was one Holy place in Jerusalem I 

 ght in vain to visit — tbe site of the temple of 

 Solomon. It is as you know, occupied by thoprin- 

 pal Mosque of tbe city— the Mosque of Omar.— 

 Including the inclosuro, it occupies tho whole 

 south-western part of the city, and appears to be 

 of tbe most imposing edifkis I hove seen in 

 East. Hitherto strangers have been pennitU'd 

 isit it \>\ pu> iLig a modest backshccVh of from 

 to fifteen dollars each ; but of lote the Mo- 

 hammedunsarcgi owing m> heller last in the matter 

 of toleration, and this year have saucily shut the 

 door of the sacred edifices in the teeth of ' Chris- 

 tian dogs.' I attempted to look into the inclosure 

 but a Turkish sentinel offered to make me a present 

 of tbe contents of a very rusty musket, while an 

 old vagabond who stood near suggestively drew 

 bis finger across bis throat, indicating by such 

 suggestion that in case I should enter, I should 

 for the future be relieved of the bore of carrying a 

 head upon my shoulders. 



These rascally Mohammedans have also placed 

 some sacred edifice or other over the tomb of 

 David, so that no Christian is permitted to seethe 

 resting place of the great Psalmist. And I may 

 here remark that there is no sadder spectacle of 

 this curse-stricken land than that of the Arabs. 

 and, if possible, .still more degraded Tmks lording 

 il over the sacred city. Tbe ground once pressed by 

 the feet of Solomon, and David, and Christ, 

 echoes to the tread of Moslem and Junnissary and 

 the drivelling Dervish. While the J. 

 ing in obscure places, the Moslem struts with tbe 

 uir of one who treads on thorns 

 tian begs permission to kneel at the tomb of his 

 Savior, the Turk disdainfully proclaims hi 

 monarch of oil lie surveys. Wliile the Holy 

 Sepulchre is nominally in the hands of the Chris- 

 tian, Turkish soldiers keep guard al the door, and 

 a Turkish Pasho keeps the key; 



CONDITION OF WOMEN IN THE EAST. 



In no city on earth, perhaps, is womon found in 

 greater variety than in the " City of the Great King." 

 A street scene, such as may be often witnessed, is 

 shown in tbe engraving. The fuir ruby-lipped Cir- 

 cassian ond the sable daughter of Ham, the fur-clad 

 Russian and the semi-nude Bedowy of tbe desert, 

 tbe graceful Greek and tbe clumsy Copt, the modest 

 Armenian and tho brazen Fellabah, the haughty 

 inmate of the harem, and the oppressed Jewess— 

 " from erery nation under heaven." But, however 

 widely they all may differ in blood, manners, cus- 

 toms and appearance, they all more or less resemble 

 each other in al least this common point — they are 

 the abject slaves of tbe "lords of creation." If 

 then you would form a proper estimate of the lot 

 ondition of woman in her Oriental phases, 

 eed not go beyond the precincts of Jerusalem. 

 Do you see lhat white sheet and thick veil, envelop- 

 imcthing, whose yellow boots suggest the iden 

 t may be a piece of living humanity ? Shade 

 of Eve, it is a daughter of yours! Rcudi 

 sister of ours ! Those black slaves arc sent to hold 

 her in vile surveillance. The lordly Effcndi, the 

 bigoted church dignitary, tbe panoplied soldier, 

 and the proud civilian, all pass her without the 

 slightest salutation, though they well know from 

 her train that she is as respectable ns a woman con 

 be in tho East. Nay, her own brother vouchsafes 

 not the slightest token of recognition, even avert 

 ing his head as bo passes ; and were her own hus- 

 band to condescend to exchange a few words with 

 her in public, he would be considered not only as 

 utterly disgraced, but ns having actually sinned. 

 Cruel Turk, who 



He says he has bought her, and will treat her as he 

 pleases! But, probably, you think thai domestic 

 happiness withindoors may somehow or other com- 

 pensate for the neglect with whicli she is treated in 

 public. Ab ! you have little conception of woman'! 

 sad condition throughout the Orient ! Never can 

 you say of an Oriental dwelling, as the poet has of 

 an English cottago 



" I knew by ihe smoke tt 





suppose she were so unfortunati 



ut that nosc-and-mouth-hiding veil, — suet 

 shameful immodtsty would in all probability call 

 , not only llie bitterest ire of her devoted bus 

 band, and the reproaches of the neighborhood, but 

 a sound drubbing besides. In what durance vil< 

 arc we bound, by custom on the one hand, and im 

 pel led by fashion on the other! Hut query, — wbict 

 is worse, to bo wedded to such a brute, or t< 

 fashion * Who can say which is the most tyranni 

 cal, arbitrary and capricious? 



Now if such are the civil and social disabilities 

 of woman in the East, how much more the mental 

 and moral servitude under which she groans and 

 toils, despairs uud dies! Should we not, hence- 

 forth, evince inure gratitude to tbe "Author and 

 Qiverofail Good," than we ever yet have done, for 

 the distinguishing privileges we enjoy in this 

 western world; and not only so, but, in view of 

 our great responsibility, should we not give proof 

 of our gratitude, by extending relief to our less 

 favored sisters in eastern clinics ? —//u<//* in Syria, 



ARITHMETICAL CA1CTTLATION. 



Messrs. Ens.:— Okpntrs, in tho Young Run 

 Feb. 13, asks " wbj, dividing a number m 

 lurger, Ac." Allow mc l© MJ la nv \y t ,[, 

 ill not, unless tbe divisor la Itu than a unit- 

 Onpacus divides 1.0096 by 004— that i«, he 

 otes a unit into a thousand parU, and for n 

 r, laics four of them, thus 4-1000tb», or 

 04— as decimals are generally written. Now 

 reducing tbe 1 in tho dividend to thousandths, l 



be of the same denomination ns tbe di 

 and the division will be easily accomplished 

 '.thousandth.' extend in the dividend, 

 me to say that 



.by 



,!.- 





lirsl 



them, virtually or in reality. Proof— divido ft 

 hundred pounds of butter by four quarts of mp- 

 lasscs. But to return to the example. If we divido 

 one thousand and mm thousandth* by /our thou- 

 sandths, does it follow that the answer mu.-t be in 

 thousandths, also? Of course not; and this ia 

 what mystifies many besides Orpubvs. To illus- 

 trate, — suppose we cut an apple into twootj equal 

 parU. The question then arises- how much great- 

 er ore ten of those purls, than live of thorn. Any 

 one can sec that they would be twice as large and 



To illustrate this a. little further, and to explain 

 tbe unit point, let us go on with the first exam- 

 ple which Oiirni.us gives. Considering the 1 as 

 reduced to thousandths, we get uh.ni; Iinel) until 

 we divide tbe 'J, which is the last figure in thou- 

 sandths, ond, consequently, the last that will con- 

 tain the divisor a whole number of times. Repre- 

 sented thus, 



nmji.o 





:' Whtllll 







Tbes' 



ithe 



n.^l.i I 



There is 



can the monstrous tyrant have for one of th 

 when bis modicum of affection is divided amoir 

 halfadoien.orhalf a score, or a score and a hall 

 poor ignorant creatures? What heart - rendi 

 scenes is the sojourner in tbe East continually cc 

 polled to witness, flowing from the abominations 

 the harem system! Yet the instance cited is 

 very brightest picture of Oriental female life wh 

 can be portrayed. For these poor creatures' h 

 band, if indeed he can be called husband wh 

 conjugal affection is divided amongst so many, 

 rather bestowed upon none, is able to support 

 ample household without 



t!i.-,r l.iiiid 



SOMETHING ABOUT ICEBERGS. 



tthe strength of its crystal i 



Night falls around, and tbe stars are reflected 

 lonah from a thousand peaks, and from the 

 measureless to man." 

 leberg is only about 



green depths of 



The visible 



oiU'-nmlh of 



l.hillll V. ill ,,| ■ ■_■! .1 



portions sank to tbe i 



i the ( 



when they 



.ippnrl and 

 from the 



little bead- 



But how widely different 

 are compelled to labor for i 

 bis I Take 1 another illustrati 

 lower walks of life. You 

 woman, with tattooed face o 

 adorned veil, concealing nose, mouth and chin 

 while most of her person is as much exposed ns 

 Grecian sculptor could desire ; she truly has a hurt: 

 lot. She is briugiug vegetables to market. Sh< 

 pi anted the seed; *7^worked the ground; «A< gath- 

 ered the crop, and now jfomust make sale of them 

 or else what is to become of that little fellow tba' 

 rides astride her shoulder, and Ihe babe that swing; 

 in the knapsack that hangs on her back? For her 

 brutal husband spcuds tbe live-long day lounging 

 in the idle group at the gathering-place of the 

 lago. Besides her own heavy cargo, she drives 

 donkey before her to the city, well loaded with the 

 produce of her own industry. But docs she 



; him back? Not she! 'Tw 



dd , 





ml drn! 



> do e 



Bui 





itcd upon him leisurely 

 bis pipe, while his helpmeet carries two children 

 and a basket. 



Ladies, sympathise w't" ?<""■ Bister, for y. 

 borrow from her the present style of flowing sleci 

 which you admire so much; but you do not " 

 tbe whole figure," for you will discard 



the length of yours, and cither 

 around her neck, or covers her uncombed head 

 with the=e useful appendages, ond they thus 

 the quudruple purposes of sleeve, cape, bonm 

 handkerchief. But alas! poor thing, wbil 

 may wear that robe like 



"BeartlM bj Ml Pi I - ■ i 



GEOGRAPHICAL ENIGMA. 



s..„l!,,n, SI 



:■„„„ 



Europe. 







in Switzerland. 











1 Is a count; in MielilsatL 



B, 10, 18,1,2 



is o larg 



□ body of water. 



,ly a mark to 

 from the fractional numbers, il falls after tbe 2, as 

 above. After dividing the 'J we have one remain- 

 r, which reduced to ttn thousandths and added 

 n, already iu lhat place, make It. Making tho 

 isor of the same kind and then dividing, wo 

 re 10-40, or 4-1D— tho samu result lhat would 

 obtained if we divided straight through, as in 

 whole numbers. The "reason" why the point is 

 it is, is this, we cannot divide any uum- 

 c greater than itself and receive whole 

 for an answer ; or in olber words— when 

 the lost figure in the dividend which is of 

 order as the last figure in tho divisor, wo 

 oiut off" the resl of the quotient for a 



MISCELLANEOUS ENIGMA. 



a distinguished U. 8. 



t English politician. 



AEITHMETICAL PROBLEM. 



i made, r.equlred, a 



I restore ihe egg i 



solidity, after wlileli ihe liquid thou 

 the bOltUdfltd. Keep It a« n run 



:.i its original 

 3 puzzle jour 



ANSWERS TO ENIGMAS, *c. LN Ho. 48L 



Answer lo GeogrepWo*! Enigma:— The worst ol 



fh,, 1 1 i- In- whom paMion rules. 



If Oapiraus, and others, under 8 land whet has 

 already been explained, they will have no trouble 

 iu seeing why multiplying a number by less than 

 1, makes the product las lhan the multiplicand; 



and also, why the point is placed iicennluigly.— 

 WillOarnKtfs accept my thanks for hia eiplana- 



Hume, Allegany Co., 1863. 



Falsk Philosophy.— Some years since I read a 

 lecture by a professor of Philosophy, on tbe subject 

 of attraction, lie attempted to prove the Attraction 

 of gravitation, by saying that the center of two balls, 

 suspended by two lengthy cord*, would bo neorer 

 each other than the cord3 would be at the top. I 

 would not take it upon mo to say, positively, that 

 this would not be a reason, but think il is not the 

 reason. Any two perpendicular lines, are not par- 

 allel lines. All perpendicular lines, pass directly 

 to the center of the earth, and therefore vergo to- 

 wards each Other, like the spokes of a carnage 

 wheel. The walls of a stone or brick house must 

 Icon slightly in or it will be larger at the top than 

 the fa 



me parallel strait 

 Indeed, a surveyor 



Many suppose that <•: 

 upon the surface of the 

 lines. This is not the 

 cannot start from a given point and run ono mile 

 west thence east one mile, and strike the point ho 

 started from. Will Vbiutah give an explanation 

 of this.— W. R., Moravia, Cayuga Co., //. Y 



AnVlCR TO " WOLVSUINB.— If " WoLVEniNR," of 



Macomb Co., Mich., will correspond with me, will 

 give him my experience in full. I bound myself 

 out lo a farmer when 17 years old, ond lived with 

 him till 22 years old. I could give Woi.vsbjsb 

 some good practical advice. I would fully endorse 

 your advice in the Rural of Ihe lath iust. Still, 

 be should have three months' ichooUng (M d » V8 > 

 each year, board, cUdhiny, a moderate amount of 

 speuding money, and when of age M4 hundred 

 dollars. However, I repeat, with you, Uuu a ham* 

 in a good Christian family, with an enterprising, 

 early rising farmer, ia much h *f*Jf M 

 to place by the ' 



j if he gets 

 S5"hUtaIi3rdrtW°B ~» d "fcool.-s.-C. A. 

 - 1052. CMW. '"■ 



r oe F.vn ~ Euclidi ft Jieciple olSocratcs, 



havmToffen'ded his brother, the latter cried out iu 

 j\,,, t m0 die, if I "'» u °t WvMj 



some day or other.'' Euclid replied,-" And let 

 a- . jf I d" not soften you bykindn. m I, and 



The i 



our ignorwioft. 



Tur.Bt: is only one objection <" 

 ..mean ■,. . n , u I thai i U | di ret con spore 



time to carry out their meaning. 

 Xivrnixo establishes confidence^",, 



Youthful ruhness skipe like a dm* oral ' "-' 

 meshes of good counsel.— £ 



So man can avoid his own company - «° hc had 

 best make it is good as possible. 



To keep you i 

 peel others to keep them for you 

 He is armed without, who Es il 



