Few things are moT * • nDO J r ' n K thftn *° ,l,Te 



'mmadtaU advantage of W ravage the ground*, 

 |be trcc» and shrubs, and with them 

 lb* bopt* «<» the patience ° f tD0 Keener. Tl.ii 

 , T ,I „ p «rnr-iil»rly fell in villages and in thesuburbs 

 tfdl(«i " we bare good reason to know, having 

 suffered in this way many limes. We introduce to 

 As notice of oor readers a gate wbich is quile 

 ■nnmoD In Bod«o*,b«wliiflhw«h»T»n«wrMeii 



ignlTT, Ifaml require! no abutting, and 



,, never bo left opco, or rather, is al- 



woysopen, and y«t is so constructed lhatnoanimal 

















as^ssjn mgkJLf^^ms alliiMaiT 





FlOBBB 1. 



The engraving, figure 1, shows the gate, which 



may be of iron or wood. Tuero is just room 



^*~~~ "" "" "— n^ enough lor a person 



S ^w to pass comfortably 







/,' • \ guard. The black 



1. *J lines in fig. 2, show 



- •' * the gate and the 



I guard, the dotted 



Figcrb 2. circular line, the 



awing of the gale, and Hit straight dotted lines the 



pumtion of the gate when closed, or forced on cither 



aide aa far aa it will sw.ng. When an animal at- 



'■ "'i'i' i it the gate it is forced in the opposite 



direction, and ingress is impossible. No animal 



larger than a small pig could effect an entrance. 



tTNSDCCESSnJL EXPERIMENTS. 



1U 



a great deal about the superiority of 

 house-ripened pears over those allowed to hang ou 

 tho tree till ihey reached maturity, we undertook 

 laat year for the first lime to ripen, without the aid 

 of Hiin-hiiii', some large, summer pears, excellent 

 for cooking and tolerable to eat out of band. The 

 pours wore picked after two or three had fallen 



t h tree from premature ripeness, and wore 



plm in il.v, cool, dark room for two weeks.— 



At the end of Hint time they were found to bo mel- 

 low nud much jueier than when ripened ou (lie tree, 



A Judy, a neighbor of ours, a year ago lost spring, 

 purchaaed four cherry trees at tho nursery, and 

 planted three of them ao near the house that she 

 could eusily giro them some extra attention, and 

 ■he dl ■in -mined to do so. Accordingly, having 

 heard ninl read of the beneficial effect of soap-suds 

 applied to fruit trees, vines, Ac, but sot having 

 noticed the oft-repeated warning of nursery 

 ttmi Hi, cherry is impatient of rmu-i m e. hi 

 Ipaolal dislike to soup-suds, she made a practice of 



Uh I >•, * pailful of Hint liquid fertilizer, 



wash days, and occasionally at other times. 

 result tret IheJj in the course of the 



ili" 1 "' |'i.lled trees died, while Hit uegleclril 



due preparation for the coming winter, and with 

 the bads thus prepared, I do not believe that all the 

 cold of the Arctic regions will destroy tbem, pro- 

 not continued long enough to dry out 

 the wood of tbe twigs. For trees that 

 killed are only teaton- killed.— and if the 

 that takes place at tbe freezing point 

 •atroy them, all tbe additional cold that 

 takes place after that will not. On Thursday, tbe 

 January, 1357, the thermometer stood 

 30 below rcro, and the following fall we had the 

 largest peach crop that we had for many years. 

 3. 0. Manchester. 

 utcnte Co., Pa., April, 1659. 

 There 13 something no doubt in this 

 theory, but we cannot believe that if n peoch bud 

 killed by simply freer.Jng, that it will endure 

 qoudI of Cold, for previous to the few extreme 

 cold days in January the peach buds were all good, 

 although we had aevere frost, hut after this the 

 greater part were found to be deod. Oilier winteis 

 e have watched tbe peach buds and found them 

 mnd, uutil, perhaps, in February, or even March, 

 though the thermometer several times had been 

 ;low zero, when it would fall to 15 or 19 below, 

 mtinuing at this stage only a few hours, and the 

 buds would be destroyed. 



inquiries nito" '^nsuicrs. 



iuorUiogrape?-W.D.,/'ari», 0. IK., 1K.9. 



Oxlt the moat hardy varieties can be grown in 



e northern part of Illinois. In severe winters 



the Isabella iii killed to the ground in the neigh- 

 borhood of Chicago. Southern Illinois, wo have 

 doubt, is well adapted to grape growing. 



, the 



UTSd and Uourishcd. 

 A ftw year* since chance led us to select a low, 



lei perl of the garden, along Hie south side of a 



fence, and considerably shaded by trees, for yellow 

 Antwerp raspberries, The plants grew wcll.and with 

 mi tui tin- 1 i.tli ulion Hi, in ocomonnl mulching with 

 chip dirt, cutting out the old cuues and shortening 

 iu the new ones, produced a good supply of fruit 

 In the t.ind hope that a belter exposure to the sur 



them to yield even larger rotons of bei 

 rie»,« portion ol tho roots were removed to anion 

 open and somewhat dryer situation. But noemall 

 amount of coaxing has thus fur produced from 

 thwn more than a lean, scraggy growth of canes 



■ berries, not lai .... i r llir like those 



the shaded bushes, but small, dry, in- 

 terior specimens hardly worth gathering, tiomt 

 other roots of tbe same variety, planted on the wes 

 side of tho house, on ground that had tukeu th< 

 wash of the house for many yeara, end is more be* 

 vily shaded than the first mentioned situation, 

 make, each year, a fine growth of canes, but bear 

 very little fruit. 

 Soma Livonia, n. Y.,M». 



Ra**«s._Tlie pears were perhaps gathered 



■lore nature. Tho« thut tapped may bare 



Sng. Perhaps, 



1 ■-■ beel ripened 



ti,.„ ,. ' U „ ° u , r r **'' w " n,nsl not conclude thai 



"»"/"» a.. „iu, p„«, 



■ ' "•' trees uml .„ . J " u ™ orc 



o»od gwuD« ., k"» ri" " "" , * •'"■ 

 ""t1°:\ •" ,'" 6ro "^ "««»■> 



i lbiais true, but jttw c i:w-. 



i . vartalitileahaded,*,, 



" ' ' ' ' ' ' ' - *itu"a'tio*n"lh W ' 



«nd prod. *' 



i «^* P ' > if r B '" lv ' "''' I' " l| I form a hard 



" »*rb>». "*' M ' OB ? ** required. No 



r»-ak IjY.i ^^'ed for the birds to pull at 



f^W—R. T. 0., J*rom£ t 8*f. 



In thai condition the first cold weather sufficient 



per/tctly freeze the buds destroys its vitality. 



Dut, when the fall is dry and gradually cooli down, 



Huht,, 



Uaunnl Cherry 



(a.) Tou can graft the Cherry as it grows, in the 

 usual way, hut should not take il up or cut or part 

 :he roots aa is done with apples in the root-graft- 

 ug. It should be done very early in spring. 



(6.) The Mazsard is tho wild speciea of Europe, 

 from which nil the Heart and other sweet cherries 

 originated. It grows rapidly and iu a few years 

 makes a very large pyramidal-headed tree, per- 

 fectly hardy. The fruit is small, roundish or oval 

 beurt-shaped, flattened on tbe sides, when ripe jet 

 black. The flesh is soft, melting, sweet, with 

 abundant juice, a pleasant sprightly flavor, but a 

 little bitter. We like the old Mazzard with which 

 boyish days we used to blacken our face and 

 fingers. Many a bushel have we eaten of tbem. 



:k when on a trip West, we observed very fine 

 peaches in the Chicago market, and on inquiry 

 were informed that they came from Michigan, on 

 the Eastern shore of the lake, aud that the supply 

 from that quarter seldom failed. Will not some of 

 our readers in this section answer the inquiries of 

 "A StrnscitiUKtt?" I.urge bodies of water ameli- 

 orate- the climate, and of course the further from 

 the water the less tbe influence is felt, but just 

 where an appreciative influence ceases to be ob> 



Rtr&U readers ever tried die English Hawthorn (e 

 d»*rf pcariT— E. L, Jliitguoott, ///., 1SS9. 



(a.) We could not undertake to names variety 

 from an inch or two of scion, and badly shriveled 

 atthat. (b.) Dwarf pears may be pruuedony 

 after tba severe frost of winter is over. They may 

 be pruned here any time between the fall "of tbe 



eaveasnd spring growth, (c.) Apple Lreej Out 



lapuea to moke a rank growth of wood wiih- 



out mak.ng rniit buds, may often be rendered 



fruitful bv a aumm»r ,»► - . 



Fnl. " J " umttl " Pruning in June, or em 



July, liy remor.ug so mwiT uf thc le(ffcg , fa 



receives a shock; its luxuriance is checked, and the 



i apple roots U> graft apples lnt« t • Which Is the beat, 



(a.) Seedling stocks of one or two jears old are 

 used for root grafting; if tbey have made a fine 

 growth, so as to be about three-eighths ofon inch in 

 iameter, they are large enough. It ia done in the 

 inter, and then the grafted plants are preserved 

 i boxes in the cellar, for spring planting. The 

 graft is made at the collar, when the root is used 

 .hole, though il is quite common to cut a good 

 oot in two or more pieces, grafting a scion on each 

 ieco. A good deal has been written and said 

 gainst this practice, though we know of no facts 

 showing that it is any way objectionable. The 

 used is left about four inches long, the long 

 .,.,. .root being removed, and any long fibres, as 

 shown iu figure 1. Tbe grafter then makcB a 



!"■'•<./< 



mburg. i 



superior, or ev 



Muscat, we dore not even bope. The Frat 

 lot equal to the Catawba, where the latter 

 o full j>«rfttfion, either iu sue or quality ; 

 il equal ia size to tbe Isabella, though of 

 better flavor. What makes it valuable is its earli- 

 i, freedom from all disease, capable 

 of withstanding bent, drouth, cold and mildew, 

 mcli belter than tbe dUawba or habtlla, and al- 

 ays bearing fair crops of good grapes, while the 

 llier two rarely, with us, pei hups one year in ten 

 produce a crop in tohrabh perl- ction. What wc 

 aim for tbe Franklin, is its ripening before 

 there,— its hardiness and entire freedom from 

 ae, — the prospect of tmfr»i -imj on it from its 

 seedlings, its promLiimj qualifies tor vineyard pur- 

 sue, d the making of wiue, (its fruit and juice 

 swett, will require less sugar, if any, to turn 

 ist into wine,) and as a reliable grape for all 

 s and soils. We honestly believe its superior 

 yet known to tbe public. Tbe general ap- 

 ice of the plaut, vines, leaves and fruit, so 

 closely resembles the Clinton, that one might he 

 ken for the other by the eye, but when the palate 

 brought into requisition, the difference ia soon 

 itected— the Froidiin being sweet, while every 

 IB knows the Clinton is too acid fur a table grape. 

 is yet quite scarce, Mr. Hobbs being the only 

 person who has plants for sole, though several 

 lave it under propagation, 

 supply all demuuds. 



BIiH.i(i[>l 



this cut, he makes aslit or tongue, U, downwards. 

 The scion, which should be three or four inches 

 long (fig. 2.) iscut on tbe lower end with a sloping 

 cut downwards, and similar in nil respects to thut 

 made on the stock; a slit, or tongue, is made in it 

 upwards, B, corresponding, also, with that on the 

 stock; and ihcyare then neatly httcd together, the 

 tongue of the one within the other, (A, fig, 3,) and 

 the inner barks of both placed in close and perfect 

 contact, at least on one side. Tbe fit should be so 

 complete as to sit close and firm in nil parts. It is 

 covered with a piece of cloth or paper satunited in 

 grafting wax, nnd the work is done. Our illustra- 

 tion is from Barry's Fruit Book. 



(6,) Pear stocks may be successfully root grafted, 

 though the pear is more geucnilly propagated by 

 budding, and with other fruit trees it is seldom 



(c.) It is difficult to give directions for pruning 

 in special cases, without set-iiiL- (he trees; still we 

 would say, cut buck the most vigorous shoots on 

 your trees to about one-half (heir length ; those 

 which made but a few inches of growth will require 

 to be cut back only to a vigorous bud. Tho form 

 of the tree, however, should be considered in all 

 those operations. 



((/,) Don't bother yourself with thorn roots, ex- 

 cept for amusement. 



(/,) Tbe plum is usually propagated by budding, 

 but where the stocks are too large for budding 

 they may be grafted, very early in the spring. 



nut, tbey wither 



and dry up, somo fal 



ug off, others 



remaining on th 





ason. Now, 1 





cause and the remedy, 





Tbo apple has be 



en pronounced by goo 



judges to be 



have^maluiJed'th 



fall apples. I know 

 tree and applied ash 

 henedL The tree is wc 



f no name. I 



U thrifty. Iwou 



d not t»U. any dollars 



or the tree If 11 







Popple Itow 



Iltrk. Co., M. Y. 



1SS9. 





Onion Gano.— Who knows of a way to protect 

 onions from the grub thai is so badly injuring this 

 crop in many parts of the country? We saw o 

 statement some time since that guano was effec- 

 tual, bnt this has been denied. Salt, loo, has 

 been recommended. Wc wish experience on this 

 point for ihe benefit of several readers, 



Cuscclio R.EUEDY.— A correspondent of Quincy, 

 Illinois, writes that he is confident he has found u 

 remedy for the curculio, und if, after anothe 

 sou's trial ilproves effectual, will make it kno 



able to eoooi 



3T the whole day, cai 

 centred, and may tbns b 

 ■b, bul for this knowld^c 



r that w 





., April 



Wt 



pleased with the above, because our cor- 



ri-piHidcut li.is acted in nccui dance with the ud vice 



gave, and compares the Franklin grape with 



Isabella and Catawba.so that we arc enabled to 



onstructlon upon tbe descriptions of 



and ttn&M, not warranted, we will 



words. Tbe Franklin Mr. Millbr 



pronouueed " eKclUnt." This is uot very definite, 



explained by Mr. Garber, that it possesses 



all the hardiness that cun be desired, is early, and 



■ Ttabella. This is a pretty 



['■>:<\ '-I..1I :l<-t.'|- ; Imi! Mr Minn, -:,..! , ;,-•:■! 1 1 1, t; 



from it, which had been mimed America, is " infi- 

 'trhj nperior to (As Franklin." Sow, the Fmnk- 

 't is of better flavor than the Isabella, and the 

 merica in rin it, 1;/ siijh rior to that. If this is not 

 itting it up, we don't know tbe meaning of words. 

 Could more be said of the best foreign grape 1 Wc 

 know words are used carelessly, but they should 

 oot be so used in describing fruit. 



We have the satisfaction of knowing that our 

 course on this subject is warmly approved by 

 many of tbe most intelligent hen ticullurists of the 

 country, and the most extensive propagators of 

 the new native grapes. Let the wild, apraad taglt 

 style of description continue nnd become general, 

 and the people will soon believe the whole (hing 

 a humbug. Wc are anxious that our readers be 

 not misled, and shall do all iu our power to pre- 

 vent such a result. 



noticed in i 

 quest (bat some of your readers i 

 for Ice Cream. Here is 

 other excellent recipes 



Ics Cr«am.— Three quarts of milk ; 2 f cream ■ 



3 eggs; \\-i lb. sugar; 3 (ablespoous starch * of 



When then " 



l, stir in tbe eggs, sugar and starch-when 

 nearly cold, put in the lemon aud stir il well. 

 Ouelet — Beat 1 dozen eggs as for custard, addl 

 up of thick sweet cream, and a little salt , have 

 your spider well buttered, pour in your mixture, 

 ;l over a slow fire, stirring it continually until It 

 ickens. Pourit immediately into a deep dish. 

 Soft Gisgbbbrbao.— One teacup of butter; 1 of 

 sugar; 1 tablespoon of ginger: }^ teaspoon of 

 , ; 1 of cinnamon ; % pint of molasses ; \% 

 flour; Segga; 'i pint sour-milk ; 1 teaspoon 

 soda. Improved by 1 pound raisins. 



Clovb Cake.— One teacup of sugar; 1 cofleecup 

 molasses; \? t cup of butler rubbed with the sugar; 

 eggs; 3 cups flour; 1 CO flee up raisins; 'J tca- 

 Bpoons cinnamon; 1 of cloves; 1 nutmeg; 1 tea- 

 spoon soda dissolved iu % cup milk. 



Goloeh Cabs.— Yolks of 14 eggs; whites of 2; 

 1 lb. of flour; 1 lb. sugar; l ;of butter; % cup of 

 jur cream; alittlesuda. 



Silver Cake.— Whites or H eggs; lib. sugar; 

 o* butter, 12 oz. of flour. 



Datton Cake.— Two cups sugar; 1 of butter; S 

 ggs ; 3 cups of flour ; \i, cup sweet cream ; 1 tea- 

 noon cream tartar; y t teaspoon soda, nutmeg or 



■le Custaro.— Take half doien very tort ap- 

 tialve tbem, peel and core, cook tbem until 

 soft in J^ cup water, then lay them iu your pudding 

 and sugar them; beul G eggs; add 4 spoons 

 ir; 3 pints sweetmilk ; pour Hover the apples, 

 hake bulf an hour. Eat with a little butter. 



HORTICUITHBAL IMPBOVEMENTS. 



Messrs EditoBS: — As you huvi ever evinced a 

 deep and lively interest iu all rural progress, 

 aud ore always ready to chronicle Hie same, I will 

 call your attention to some important improve 

 men is iu gardening, now iu progress in the beauti- 

 ful village of Le Roy, Genesee Co., N. Y. A. P 

 Bartow, Esq., is laying out about three acres in 

 lawn, dwarf pear oiclnn.l, kitchen garden, Ac. The 

 lawn is to be planted with ornamental shrubs, 

 Ac, and the carriage-road aud walks well mi 

 When completed, this will be one of the mo 

 sirable places in the vicinity, as it commands 

 view of the surrounding beautiful and fertile 

 country. J. It. Olusteao, Esq., bus a neat Gothi 

 house, with several acres attached, which be has 

 commenced improving. About two acres imniedi 

 alely around the house, are to be improved, and prin- 

 cipally devoted to luvvn and pleasure grounds, with 

 winding gravel walks, flowerbeds, summer houses, 

 and other adornments. Tbe kitchen garden and 

 orchard, however, are not neglected. H. W. Has- 

 caul, Esq., is about to surround his Gothic cottage 

 with a fine lawn, with flower beds on the borders 

 of the walks, and decorated with the finer kinds of 

 ornamental trees and shrubs. The plan which he 

 has adopted ulso provides for a picturesque dwarf 

 pear orchard, circles about four tcct in dim 

 being cut in the turf for tbe trees. Other imp 

 meuts are planned, or in progress, but I only 

 tion these to show that advancement is the 

 of Hie day in this pretty rural village, and as i 

 ducement to others to do likewise. 



W. Wkbst 





Tbe cheese gradually n 





of milk cheer 

 cities, and forms 



the people. There is a 1m- »' J"j a ""' "' 



China forj.re^i, 1 ,.,I.M ; N.. ;: - > ;; 



Northern Chin. ~ afterwards 



and uses is at least worthy of an examma- 



e ■■ I lor 



( -iil, nnpo 



l.fto. 



Eds. Rlral:— Being un interested reader of your 

 estimable weekly, and being assisted in my domes- 

 tic afluirs by your " Domestic Economy," I thought 

 I would lend my feeble aid in sending a few 

 recipes which I know to be good. 



Pnun O***.— Ouo lb. of floor; lib. fruit; lib. 

 butter; 10 eggs; 1 toaspoonful salerutus; ',; cup 

 of sour milk or buttermilk. 



IIusino Cake.— One cup new milk; 1 teaspoon 

 salcrutus; 1 large cup of sugar ; 2 eggs; S>£ cups 

 melted butter— add spice and citron to taste. Bake 



Drop Cakr. — To 1 pint of cream put7 well beat- 

 en eggs, a little salt; add flour to make a thick 

 batter. Bake in small cakes fifteen minutes— to be 



Cookies.— One cup butter; 2 cups sugar; 1 cup 

 cold water; \.' x teaspoon saleratus; 2 eggs — flour 

 enough to roll. 



Creau Cake. — One cup cream; 1 cup sugar; 2 

 cups flour; 2 eggs; 1 teaspoon saleratus— flavor 

 with lemon. 



Son Ginoerbreao.— One cup molasses; 1 cup 

 sugar; 1 cup buttermilk; 1 egg; 1 teaspoon eale- 

 ratus; flavor with cloves — mix pretty thick. 



Harrison Cake.— Beat light 1 eggs; add y t lb. 

 of sugar; 1 tablespoon of butter; % teacup sweet 

 milk; J*j teaspoon saleratus; alittlosu.lt; y k grated 

 nutmeg ; flour enough to make a smooth batter — 

 bent till it uses, und bake in a quick oven. 



Henry, ManliaU Co., III., 1SS9. Julia. 



Reuetiv for Contracted Coros. — I sow nn in- 

 quiry in your paper of the 10th ult., for a remedy 

 fitr contracted cords, from a Farmer's Daughter 

 of Chemung Valley, N. Y. I will seud one that I 

 know is good, from experience. I broke my thigh 

 and also my jaw in three places, and my collar 

 bone and three of my ribs, which confined me to 

 my bed for five months, and just about the third 

 time of getting up I met with an accident by full- 

 ing and breaking it over again, which confined me 

 four months more. But to come to the point, I 

 bad no use of my limb for 12 months, so that the 

 chords became contracted. I tried everything that 

 I could obtaiD and the only thing that did mc any 

 good was this :— 1 oz. .dive oil ; ' <'*• gnm of cam- 

 ,!,.., , . oU of origanum, This must be rub- 

 bed in close to the fire » «■*■ 5l> cents for the 



Can' you inform mc where the Gold Chain Tree 

 can be obtained, Ac.-T. R-, florid*, March, 1S59. 



Tire tfotf" 1 Cham, or Laburnum can be obtain- 

 ed at t\mo*l soy nursery where ornamental trees 

 are sold. 



my Of o 





preparing to tmv.-t ,. r g.i n. t| a . country for the 

 summer, it may be useful In nmind them that an 

 ounce vial of spirits of h»rt«t.orn should be con- 

 sidered one «>l i b i in case of be- 

 ing bitten or stunt; by snv poisonous animal or in- 

 ject, Hi-- inimcdnte ire* application of thi 

 a wash to tho pun bitten, ^>ves instant 



and pertnan. !■■ iddogi we be 



licve, not excepted; u «iil strong ashes and 



Scotch - 



■ put 



, the boles where cricket) 



t will destroy them- 



