**3E6 



> 



it 



150 



MOOHE'S RUHJlL KEW-YORKE&. 



;etabl* physiology, which do role or soil 

 analysis can explain. A pbyaic*! fact p«**nu il 

 aelf here, which demands our earne-i attention U 

 tbe condition of Hip natural aod 



« whir 



All i 



yond the reasonable circle of maus comprehension 

 will be- AiteurW -H- *aM Ipeeulitioni and con 

 dieting results. Man i» placed here in wmi Mli 

 of a circle, and knowledge i* stretched out el. 

 Around him Within tbe wmpm of tbit eircli 

 only, representing the extent of his comprehen- 

 sion, is bis knowledge complete tod Ml Kpflrl- 

 menu accurate. Within that circle alone can he 

 reconcile a' 1 »'>e different phenomena that present 

 lbnri«lfei to bia vision; beyond thai circle I 

 will And everything in * new condition, end »u 

 ject to different lawn. Hut, forsooth, some bold a. 

 venturer atrikea out into unknown apace, where be 

 discovers a glimpse of some new theory, »« it pre 

 senta ilaclf i« big minimi comprehension, and on 

 Ibldj it In tbe circle as tbe discovery of some new 

 fact. Another discorcrcr pushes out in a irana 

 verse direction, and beholds the same element* in 

 another condition; and upon comparing result* 

 with (hi flml, Bodl there is a want of harmony.— 

 aJtrosomlaaJ «cience clearly drmnnMralca that All 

 tbe clement* that enter into vegeUble life bare e* 

 iited in a gaseous state, ha*o passed from a gas- 

 eous to the liquid, and from the liquid to the solid 

 state. Now, it il evident that foil analysis cunnol 

 harmoniie Ibis confusion in the auriform or gas- 

 eous elate, out of which nine-tenths ofaur vegetable 

 materials arc derived. Ilea there been on 

 idea established by soil analysis r There ai 

 forces pervading the universe, whoso barmc 

 co -operation in all the practical manifestations of 

 the principles involved, make this world a cosom 

 and not a chaos. In tho material world, the: 

 forces are called contraction and expansion; in ll 

 vegetable kingdom, composition and DROQmpj 

 tion. Every element in tho universe has bet 

 brought down from a state of chuos to a state > 

 cosmetic refinement by the working of these Ian 

 upon the elements, whether in a gmeoos, liquid 1 

 solid atate. Tho production of a field of wheat c 

 oorn, is but the evident result of the working of 



The fundamental laws of the universal elei 

 may bo called practical and philotophical. The 

 formation and maturity of solid particles in vege- 

 table composition, is the legitimate result of tht! 

 practical |a.w, Monstrosities in the Datura! and 

 wonders in tho visionary world, are the chance 

 workings of tho philosophical law, and this law it 

 always out of gear to human comprehension — 

 PfallOMphJOil)*^ we live to est — practically, w< 

 eat to live. I'hyainlogy teaches that "once in 

 seven years every particle of tho human body 

 changes." Philosophically this nmy be true; but 

 practically it is a stupid non-truth: the scars and 

 ran] manifestations of the body follow 

 the man of 100 years down to the grave. If no 

 physics! law can account /or this ideuticnl phe- 

 nomena, wc flatly demur to the unwarrantable 

 position. Oon is represented through all these 



laws, not figuratively, nor intermedia* I son 



lequenUy, but really, actually, practically, in all 

 the positive attributes of Ins being. (Ion is not 11 

 retired mechanic, who built up the vast complicat- 

 ed machinery of tho universe, started its "per- 

 petual motion," and left nil results lo the lew of 

 ohance, But go on, Mr. Philosopher, we bid you 

 God spoed. Iiinlrml of bidding down man's aspi- 

 rations, instead of forbidding and cheeking his 

 progress aud Ins elevation to tho most lolly and 

 noble employment of man, (farming,) we bold up 

 to you tbe motto of the Rorm. — " Excelsior." 

 h. L. riRitci. 





. n., 



CAB1 OF YOUNG LAMBS. 



Ens IU'Kal: — Ii it necessary to lose moro than 

 percent, of young lambs! Whatlittle 

 ! have had goes to show that it is not. 

 In the Oral place, select ewes wilh good consti- 

 tutions, and keep them well. In railing young 

 ilar Attention shonld be gn en to tbe 

 littlo things Frequently the milk oi 1 v 

 ally young ewes, is thick at first. The lamb is too 

 west to draw i(, and after making a Tew fruitless 

 attempts, gives up discouraged. He must now 

 have help or bo lost. Milk the ewe, and milk it 

 into the lamb's mouth. H,or milk will soon be 



11 ' ' the nourishment tho Iamb receives 



from tht food will soon M nun I me bin. t,. help him 

 Mir. Sec thai tho lamb's teeth are cutting easily; 

 i. 1 warm food tho ewe plenty of roots if not at 

 1 ■ ' ■' Al '■' bj itsdam, confine tham foe 

 ic and allwillberight, Sum the twinaj 

 Hie them by hand If you lose no Iambi; but in 

 case you lose a lamb, hi the owe Uo with the akin 

 or the lamb, and keep the milk (towing until your 

 twins appear, then pul the skin ol tfa 

 Upon the twin, aud pen it up with the dead one's 

 dam. Cat their tads as soon a« I] . 

 straightened out; .ton'l »sit until t! 

 are large enough, for then the oldeel 

 large. ItyearofullyatUnduiL: to ihesc Mil* thin-v 

 munb may be saved in raising lambs 



THE WHEAT MDGE. -EXPERIMENTS. 



Ens Boui -I noticed an inquiry in a late 

 «H -I. KiKkFMMii, as to what effect 

 diked lime would navi sown broadcast on wheal. 

 I will (uo niy ■ 1 



Soma three years ajnot I go t an idea, from some 

 source, that slaked lime, sown broadcast on wheat 

 When it was lB blolt , „ 01lU ^^ ^ mjd 



Uj "hen tho wheat was' in the right 

 itage, as 1 supposed, l dressed 





•elf up for t 



neighbors would not see me f 

 menced operations. 1 found it n 

 in wheal as high as my bead, an 

 sow staked lime broadcast ; bt 

 for the biiMUCSS, I was bound t> 

 bad sown enough to make a fair thai. VbYuTioe 

 ameoneofmyneigbbora 



d we l at that, and 

 1 u • "" " Sgc j 





s tbe 1 



fields, and he bad a good laugh at 

 rih my old clothes wet up lo my neck 

 r with time. We sat and talked 

 found the lime had commenced 



ETRBrS AMERICAN HARVESTER,- AS A REAPER. 



gave 



Two weeks ago I 

 description of Kimy's American Hancstci 

 ifotoer. The above cnt represents tbe sam 

 chine as a Reaper, as it appears in operation 

 field. Its advantages, mid also its operatio 

 language of the 1 



sfolb- 



Oneof thedi^lnulnr .li.ii.'iit. 1 iiitn-i claimed for 

 the Kihbt Machine is, that it is a perfect Com- 

 bined Machine. While there are many good mow- 

 ers which arc not good reapers, and many good 

 reapers that are not good mowers, there arc very 

 few successful com bind ma -A ines. Must farmers are 

 able to keep two machines, one for mowing and 

 for reaping, and yet every farmer ought to have 

 mimic for each operation, aud the linglo ma- 

 chine that will successfully perform both is u desid- 

 atum. Willi such a machine the farmer purchases 

 perfect reaper for only $i0 ; and if he has only 



C-I.llh .1 



ucti . 



. heli 



be can afford to buy a combined machine. Indeed, 

 the price of the Kirbt Combined Machine is as low 

 as that of many aingle mowers. Aside from tho 

 saving of tabor in reaping by machinery, there is 

 tho further advantage of being able to gather the 

 crop at the right time, whether laborers are scarce 

 or plenty. The samo machine can bo also used to 

 great advantage in gathering clover and grass 

 seed. Tho following description of tho American 

 Harvester as a Reaper, will enable tho reader to 



" All of the KiBitr machines arc combined ma- 

 chines, and tho Reaper is the same as the Mower, 

 wilh the addition of the platform, reel and raker's 

 seat, and by merely bolting these to the Mower, 

 (which is but a moment's work.) you have a com- 

 plete Reaper. Tho cutters, in reaping, can be set 

 to cut at any height, thus adapting it to all kinds 

 of grain, and to gathering clover and grass seed. 

 The grain is delivered in well-formed gavels at the 



side of the machine, and entirely out of its way on 

 the next swath. Tho raker's position is peculiar, 

 and enables him to do his work with ease, he being 

 placed at the side of the machine, facing obliquely 

 the uncut grain, and in the center of motion of the 

 rake, so that by an easy quarter-turn motion, or 

 circular sweep of the rake, he delivers the grain in 

 gavels at the side of tho machine. This position 

 also enables him to control the grain as well with- 

 out a reel as wilh one, and is the only petition with 

 which a machine can be successfully worked wlk- 

 ovt tht reel. In this position a boy can rake off all 

 day with case, and as soon as tbe horses get accus- 

 tomed to the work the raker can dispense with a 

 driver, and both rake and drive himself." 



The manufacturers are also making a successful 

 one-horse Harvester, called the "Little Buffalo 

 Harvester," constructed upon the same principle 



-, if it never did on Ibe midi 

 change my clothes I found 



When I can 



about the ki 



drawn close to the skin, the lime had commenced 

 ng the flesh, and I bad all I could do to heal it 



up by the time the wheat was ripe. 



Now, I would say to Mr. KmitESiiM.t., and all 

 ber3 interested, that in that ono experiment I 



learned three things— iirst, that limo is not good 



mdly, i 



any diQercu 



I the t, 



Injun 



I being bmlly 



I made an experiment last year that was 

 pleasant to all concerned. From a stool of wheat 

 selected one bead, upon which I blew tobacco 

 noke, morning and evening, while it wasin blow, 

 id afterwards (nt harvest.) found the head thai 

 id the smoke, about half destroyed by tbe insect, 



raped— showing that the midge had a little fond- 

 !3s for the weed as well as myself! 

 So far as my experience goes, all that wo can do 

 escape the rarminU is to sow the earliest varic- 

 es of winter wheat, and the latest of spring wheat. 



If Mr. Kibkestdall has found a kind of winter 

 that is six or eight days earlier than the 



Mediterranean, I think that would dodge them 



il civ. 



a Co., N. V. April. 1 



THE BACK FURROW. 



Ens. Rcral ;— I was lately walking over the farm 

 of an intelligent friend in this county, when, as a 

 f course, draining was the topic of conver- 

 He soid he did not underdrnin much, but 

 got along for tbe most part with tbeopen drainaod 

 back furrow. He showed me a number of fields 

 he had made perfectly dry by means of the 

 hrrow, Ho says when he plows a field he 

 likes to plow the whole, it looks so much bettor. 

 When he lays down a field, he leaves the wet posi- 

 n ridges, whether it be for meadow or pas- 

 He pointed out portions of fields which 

 formerly were not plowed, now made perfectly dry 

 by this process. It struck us st once that the plan 



It appears, then, that the side-hill plow :-huuld 



it be used in those portions of a held where the 



water has a tendency to settle. The side-hill plow 



d indiscriminately, operates injur!., uslv, inaa- 



ch as it dams up the wattr and prevents its pas- 



e to the plain, whereas the common plow, nnd 



k furrow up and down these wet portions, cuts 



many channels for its escape. Water seeks a 



si, and tbe judicious farmer should assist rather 



n contract this tendency The tailor cuts his 



tb frith reference to the nap, and the joiner in 



planing a board notes carefully the cour-e ..1 the 



grain, and why shonld not the cultivator of the 



"1 observe the nature of the ground, and plow 



, Cows give much bettei 



So, 



,t, says a French work on this subject. The 



In this condition. 



■thiv years; then she will fait, n , tlj.tnd 



make excellent beef. This may be true ; but Amer- 



dairymen will not soon adopt this prAelice in 



rcgArd lo their cows. 



Melts Wx*t*d. — A •aWrlber io Sirato K » OunU. 



place lo purvhojo tnnlca. He want* a pair thai " will 



(fonucitscb Corrcspoubcncc. 



Is looking over my books I find that my last crop 

 of mangels yielded at the rato of eleven hundred 

 bushels per acre, at a cost of six cents per bushel. 

 My ground is a deep loam, and was well manured 

 with stable manure. Tho wurtzels require no more 

 care than a crop of corn, as they are a strong- 

 growing plant. While young they soon get the 

 start of weeds, and do not require as much weed- 

 ing as carrots or bogus. The fly never troubles 

 thorn, but they will not stand much frost in the 

 fall. I usually plant the Yollow Globe variety, but 

 either is good, and keep them until spring. As 

 is now lime for farmers to arrange their crops, I 

 would advise them to plant from a half acre to an 

 acre of mangels for their stock. They are very 

 nutritious, and I am satisfied the cheapest root thai 

 can be raised. I have raised n good mony carrots 

 and some bagas, but prefer mangels to them. 

 Try them, brother farmers, and reports the reaglt. 

 — W. G., Troy, if. 7., 1859. 



ttnral Spirit of tlje flrcso. 



In tho RtTRAi, of March 12th a corresponded 

 asked information relative to unburnt brick houses 

 Having perhaps had as much experience as anj 

 mason in this Stale, I will give it briefly. Elevcc 

 years ago this summer, I helped build the seconc 

 house of that material, I think, that was built in 

 this State. It was all the go then. It lasted about 

 five years, in which time there were some fifteen 

 houses buil I in this vicinity. The stucco then com- 

 ig off with part of the brick adhei 



There 



obeci 



ttheb 



1 In, I,] 11 



,OUgh 



n. Several purpose to re- 

 lis season, in the hopes of making the 

 .nd by driving in nails and letting them 

 stick out about Ihree-cighths of an inch. The great 

 difficulty with them was tho idea that the brick 

 I bo made of most any kind of material, and 

 >st cases it was dug out of the earth just as 

 mixed it. I think if they could be made of 

 clay, and coarse sand and gravel enough mix- 

 ed with them to keep them from cracking, they 

 would stand. They should be laid up with lime 

 uortor. Unburnt brick make a warm house in the 

 miter and a, cool one in the summer. They are 

 ,on- conductors of cold or heat. If your corres- 

 londent has not had any experience, nor any of 

 the mechanics in that vicinity, I would advise him 

 to build with some other material.— >\ H. Isubi.i.. 

 Unton District, Wash. Co.. Mich., 1359. 



Heading several inquiries and articles in the 

 Rubai. about Hens and Eggs, and having hod some 

 experience in the business. I will give you a few 

 lines on the subject. I keep hens for the conve- 

 nience of them. I have 16 hens ; have kept an ac- 

 count of tbe eggs laid from March filb to April 

 17th— six weeks. Tho first week they laid 71; 

 second, 76; third, 66; fourth, 71: fifth, 78; sixth, 

 Cost of feed for the six weeks (one bushel of 

 mixed corn, rye, pens and oats,) fifty cents ; half 

 label screenings, 18 els.; half bushel corn, 40 eta. 

 total, $1.03. My hens are a mixture of Golden 

 d Silver Pheasants and Polands. I believe in a 

 ixturo of feed, but I want it mostly corn. I feed 

 r hens All the broken earthen and glass Ihcy will 

 t — breaking it about as small as a pea or a kcr- 

 nal of corn. I never keep a hen over one year old 

 for laying egg». My hens seldom want to set be- 

 fore tbey are two year* old. I have on* hen that 

 I keep for raising chickens. I set her twice last 

 year— 1 put 17 cgga under her each time. She 

 batched and raised 16 chickens each brood. Keep 

 young hens of a good breed, feed and water them 

 regularly twice a day in the winter season and once 

 a day in the summer, and von will have plenty of 

 eggs.— A Micaaxic, Atro*. &'. T., 1659. 



Tnis subject, says tho Working Farmtr, has 

 for a long time engaged the attention of many ex- 

 perimenters, and with various results. Strong 

 solutions of any of the well-known materials used 

 are apt to injure the germs of seeds, while weaker 

 solutions, being held by the spongy coatings, fre- 

 quently not only securo earlier germinations, but 

 by a timely supply of necessary pabulum, aecurc 

 vigorous plants, which, as a necessity of proper 

 conditions in their early stages of growth, yield 

 larger returns. Among the materials used we 

 would enumerate tho following: Saltpetre, Sul- 

 phate of Ammonia, Carbonate of Soda, Soluble 

 Phosphate of Lime, etc. 



Wb hare an oxamplo in the way of turkey 

 raising, by a woman, that ii worthy of nttentioi 

 by some farmer's wives, who may perhaps go end 

 do likewise. Ltdia. Elobiogk, of Andover, Mass., 

 writes her experience in raising turkeys, under 

 date of Deo. 25, 185S : — " Last spring, my busbi 

 purchased n farm in this town, and I obtained 1 

 turkey, and she laid M eggs, hatched them all 1 

 at one litter, nnd I raised them all. Yesterday 

 dressed the lost of them. The united weight of 

 the whole when dressed was 212>£ lbs; 198 lbs. 

 were sold for a shilling a pound, New England 

 currency, amounting in the aggregate to $88. The 

 whole number at that price would have amounted 

 to $35,41. Now, I think that is doing quite well, 

 and if any body among your army of readers can 

 do better than that, I think they deserve a pre- 

 mium; but until that is done, I think I can claim 

 the palm." 



of the Southern JTomtitcad, 

 gives the result of some experiments in the growth 

 and culture of tho potato, as follows :— " We have 

 had some very pleasant and satisfactory experience 

 in raining potatoes, fimu planting simply the eyes, 

 just rimming them off wilh the point of a narrow 

 knife. We selected the largest and beat potatoes 

 from the cellar, took out tbe eyes, and used the rest 

 of the potato for the table, about as profitably as if 

 eyo had not been taken out. They were then 

 planted three in a hill, about one foot apart, and 

 ultivated often enough to keep tho weeds down, 

 ud to keep the ground stirred and mellow. The 

 resull was, we gathered a fine yield of large pota- 

 evcry hill, with no small ooca— a very 

 important consideration in harvesting or picking 

 ip. Besides, we had uo diseased or unsound 

 although iu tbe adjoining ground, where we 

 planted wioU potatoes, there were many unsound 

 the harvest. Hence, we believe, where 

 large quantities of old seed to rot in tbe 

 hill, it is likely to effect the young tubers unfavora- 

 bly ; and also where there is too much seed in a 

 I, it produces too many tubers, so that the young 

 potatoes gTOW badly crowded, and, consequently, 

 be small, and others become 

 diseased. Here is a matter for thought and exper- 



Agricultural iHioccllnnti 



4 



BauioM, Esq., or Wheatland, X- T., for a ipeel 

 growing wheat callta Davlon or Weevil (Midgo) 



700 re-publish the ilorj of 'Tho Twin omagra ?• 

 waj publiitied in vuur volumn fur 1S5». I don't kno 

 but yon tn.iT think this aakiog loo much, but I Ml 



llahcd In the !:■ r. «.i , and believe tta re-publ I ration wl 

 greatly subserve the objectfbr which you labor." Boa 



"Tho Twin Cottage*,'' 



Maskbt FauW.— The Mwsaebutctts Board of Agri- 



Agrtcullural products." To aid In the deTtitpmenl of 



the proposition, the Heard hate burned a clrrular, in 



amined In all lis aspects by Hie Massachusetts agricul- 



t killing ticks on sheep, Mr, J. . 

 .inn, a W., writes :-" My plan I 

 vita plug tobacco, tui a cloLh ov( 



1 the western side of the 

 h .Lit., indi 



Tho then 

 Vhilo Mountains, at sunslse on the '. 

 ated seven degrees below freezing. 



On Friday week there was a violent snow fltorm 

 1 MichigAn. 



They are complaining already at New Orleans 

 hat tlicnealher is uncomfortably hot. Hereabouts 

 i is uncomfortably cold fur the season. 



bo best 



ondltloii, For Hie pual ti 

 ei, Id troughs, once or It* 



■ -]iir :; 



Ail (so called) ti given ai 



.f turpi-ntinc one gill each 



irlj twenty 7 



a House— Some cruel e 



J. A bum- kept without 



IuLpu immi'dlaU'lj from 



mpletely dlgesl 

 Irda digested; 



M. 8,005,769 kilogrammes ; and a. 

 calculated to be equal lo eighteen r 

 ance furnishes England will 



>n Fswica to ExguuidAA cu 

 u lately been made of the sup) 

 u t ranee, b; which 11 appaara U 



19 eipori lo that country bum 



S tin r,- h, n imported into So 



