MAY 14. 



MOORE'S KIF&AL HEW-YOHKEH. 



^HORTICULTURAL- 



NOTES 15 THE FLOWER GARDEN. 



Could trees or plants be removed from Ihe nur- 

 sery or the wooda to lh « garden or lawn in eorly 

 summer, when the leaves ore bo brilliantly green 

 and tbr doners no beautiful and fragrant, then 

 everybody Will ft rod or twoof ground would turn 

 planters. But, trees must be planted when desti- 

 tute of their summer robes, when tbey have no 

 beauty to recommend them. Tbcwork of planting, 



genial nun and the Mnging birds charm the dullest 

 to an admiring sense of nature's beauties, and woo 

 even the sluggard to the garden. This work must 

 be performed when Ibe winds are chilly, when the 

 oold blaats from the ice-fields of the North benumb 

 Ihe fingers, when the soil is damp and everything 

 has an unpleasant aspect. The planter, then, most 

 be a man of forethought, faith and patience— one 

 who ik willing to labor and wait for coming good, 

 having confidence in the glorious promise that 

 " seed lime and harvest shall not fail." Our notes 

 in the Flower Garden are taken when the plants de- 

 scribed are in full dower, and will give the true 

 character of each. These notes should he pre- 

 served, as they will be of great aid in making 

 proper selections for next fall or spring planting. 



' I AND PERENNIAL PLANTS, 



'ulmosaum — i hini/trort.)— There are several 



varieties of Lungwort, and they are among the 

 (in, i ornamantaofthe garden ot Dim season of the 

 year. The name if probably derived from the fact 

 that this plant is used in pulmonary complaints. 

 They require a dry, sandy soil. The prettiest va- 

 riety now in flower is the CrruUa ; the leaves are 

 of a lively green the flowers of the most delicate 

 Bv.uro blue, thickly set, and forming a pendant 

 raceme. The buds are like the lilac in color, which 

 they also resemble in form. 



PflXOl 1'iMii Hats is a very pretty spring flower. 

 As its name indicates, it is procumbent in babit, 

 keeping close to llio ground nod sendiug up flower 

 stalks about four inches in height, with fine clus- 

 ters of red flowers. 



Tub Diilvtra Spectabalis is really one of the 

 most valuable of all our new flowers. It is as 

 hardy as nn ook, on exceedingly free bloomer, 

 without a fault that we know of, and good every- 

 where; in the parlor, tho greenhouse and the 

 garden. The flowers are curious in form, some- 

 thing like D purse, and some twenty of these curi- 

 ous bells arc attached to a gracefully pendont 

 foot-stalk. 



Tn« Swear ScaKran Violkt is the sweetest of 

 all the early spring flowers, and like the Sweet 

 it is u general favorite On account of 

 Ml perfume a 

 room; and often have we entered a room with a 

 i M.l, I concealed, when in a minute the exclama- 

 tion would bu — "what a delightful fragrance." 

 A cluster or two ffbiob any person can procure at 

 a nursery fur 85 cent*, will make tho garden deli- 

 ciously fragrant from early in April until June. 

 There are White and blue varieties, both single and 

 double, but Ibe double blue is the best. Wc give 

 an engraving of this phut and flower. Herbaceous 

 plants should be set out. if possible, in the autumn. 



-This is a genus of plants which are 

 great rarontca it, English gardens, but are not very 

 1 ""'" n , 1 ™ WMttay. The two best which we 



« rSl22?r* Ptl » ,S h lbe 8 - <'■»"<>'" iod the 

 S. CWMiWia. The In.*.. ,_ .t l , , 

 remain <• II " large and 



grcenaiiwmtrr; but sometimes become so 



TjTTgood ,doa of the appearance and habifof the 



noWERIXO TREES \\ 

 Tna Uaqkouas are the only ornamental trees in 



' <Vv i i, i v, or Chandalier Magnolia is ft 



Urdyin the Middle SUtes, 



it beatiful small trees imagi u ! 



ii. It branches low, and is inerprv 



To-day. (M«y 7tb. ,i is In \ M 



another small Chit 

 before the leaves i 

 'light ground. 



THE DOIHLI.) S-vVUKT SCKM'ED VIOLET. 



APPLE TREE WORKS 



Eds. Rural:— It is just in time to say to farmers, 

 "clear jour orchards of these loathsome worms." 

 But, kays one,—" My neighbors hare orchards well 

 eovrred with this pest, and it is USel«M for me to 

 "ght single banded against so great an enemy." 



The subscriber has neighbors, also, and they 

 have orchards; uu d tome of these orchards have 

 plenty of wonna. This spring I bare counted M 

 m a tree. They are from 30 to 50 rods from mine. 

 I have just been through my orchard of 200 trees, 

 and found but tbrw, u „ to i a »j|. My trees are 



spreading tops. 



Now, would you know the "modus operandi "of 

 exterminating the vermin! 1 will tell yon how / 

 do it. I take the little coloniea when they first 

 appear, with my fingers, from the crotches, where 

 they generally comiucuce their webs. With one 

 wipe I lake the entire family, house and all, and 

 crush them under my boot. As to the myriads in 

 my neighbors' orchurds, I have learned they ara 



be 1 



li i 



will | 



allow 



to mature on your own premises, you will 

 find the seed very scarce another year. 



ou can't touch "the nasty things" with your 

 fingers, I presume you can invent some other plan 

 bring them down. As I know of no better, I 

 II not trouble you by suggesting one. Bud. 

 daccdon Centre, K. Y., 1659. 



The Soulanogana, is a variety produced by 

 crossing the two preceding. The flowers are white, 

 tinged with purple. It is very hardy, and a pro- 

 fuse bloomer. It is now in full flower, and ia the 

 most beautiful object to be seen in our gardens. 



The Fonxmu Yiridissiua is now decked in its 

 holiday dress. The flowers are of a bright yellow, 

 rather loose and rugged, but clustering so thickly 

 around the branches before the Icavesappear, as to 

 look very fine. 



Japan Quince.— This charming early flowering 

 shrub is now the gayest of all the shrubs. There 

 are two varieties, bright red and rose-colored. 

 Every collection of shrubs should contain both of 

 these, for when planted together the effect is 



Our notice of bulbous flowers we must defer until 



PUT ON THE BRAKES. 



Messrs. Eds. :— I have been listening for some 

 years to your prudent advice and direction regard- 

 ing things Agricultural and Horticultural, or 

 rather, I have had my name registered with the 

 thousands upon the subscription list of the Rural 

 for some four or five years, and there I intend it 

 shall remain until I shall be removed beyond the 

 reach of a newspaper, always provided (and per- 

 haps I had as well left out the proviso,) it shall re- 

 tain its present high character. Thus long I have 

 been listening — or rather reading— all that you and 

 your numerous correspondents (some of them truly 

 wise and prudent, but some few I fear are only self- 

 wise,) have had to offer, especially upon the above 

 subjects, to all of which I have endeavored to give 

 tho most earnest heed. Until now I have been a 

 silent listener, having replied never a word. But, 

 at the risk of having my communication consigned 

 to the dead-letter-box, I have concluded to urge 

 my claim to a brief hearing upon one or two points. 



Some ten years since I commenced cultivating 

 the grape, and have now in bearing about ttiree 

 thousand vines. Have just used the last of last 

 year's crop, but have a little wine, second quality, 

 in tho cellar. I intend to extend my vineyard, and 

 although less anxious than some of your corres- 

 pondents about taritlits, I, f course, wish to put 

 out the very host sorts. 



As yet (excepting a few plants experimental.) I 

 have planted only Calawbas and Isabellas believ- 

 ing, as Mr. N. Long worth, of Cincinnati, assured 

 me not long since, (no mean authority you will 

 say,) that they were the only sorts to be relied on 

 for general cultivation where they can be ripened 

 perfectly. But, then, perhaps be knows nothing of 

 the Franklin-, or the buttery Ontario, or that other 

 tvperlotiit seedling produced from the Franklin. 

 Bj the way, allow me to say that I think you have 

 hit some of the grape puffers about right, and I ara 

 surprised that other Horticultural Journals ihonW 

 allow irfcerested parties to make such untrue state- 

 ments without one word of caution to - 1 

 «rL P 'S* P8 UlC Bubs " il *rs of such Journals put 



LTtSr ? lhCm ' ttnd ,hcrofur * nre DotlDla!ed 

 or cheated by thi, ,u„«, or ba lf. KI1T cndorscmeDt . 



tne readers of the R CIUL) however, have confi- 



dence in its editors, and believe they i 





that our good Rural does not suffer by doing bat- 

 tle for the right. Never fear or regard the threats 

 of interested humbuggers. They may all say, 

 as one did, that you will " make nothing by 

 such a course," but be assured no other course can 

 win. Doubtless, you are fully aware of this, — you 

 know it has won, and you will not doubt that it 

 will win every time. The fact is, these enthusiastic 

 cultivators of seedling grapes are running wild, and 

 unless you put on the brakes smartly now und 

 then, thousands of us who arc uninformed, but 

 anxious to get posted, will he badly humbugged. 

 We look to you to keep us right. See thot you do 



besides some worthless seedlings of my own rais- 

 ing. For some I paid high figures, and I find them 

 generally of small account, just as I expected. 

 Mind you, I do not wish to discourage experiment- 

 ing for new sorts, by no means. On the contrary, 

 lam experimenting myself, and shall continue so 

 to do. I hope and expect to see other varieties 

 produced worthy of extensive cultivation, but let 

 cultivators remember that the Isabella and Ca- 



In conclusion, I propose to give SI 00, for two 

 one-year old plants of a better variety than the Isa- 

 bella or Catawba, to be tested by three competent 

 judges in Rochester, or elsewhere, upon examina- 

 hh'iis of fruit, to he presented, say on 

 thB first of October, and also on the first of April. 



FRUIT FOR CERTAIN LOCALITIES. 



Frienh Moore: — I noticed a communication 

 from J. S. C. in the Rural of April 23d. on " fruit 

 for Certain Localities" and thinking I might add 

 a thought or two on this subject, which seems to 

 me one of yrtat interest to fruit-growers, I have be- 

 gun this letter. It is a principle (or fact) two little 

 understood, that winy fruit trees, shrubs and vines, 

 which "ilt/well" in one locality, will not answer for 

 another locality, perhaps of the same latitude, 1 

 have known a number of persons in this vicinity fa 

 purchase from the agents of Eastern Nurseries, 

 apple trees for orchards, and although the trees 

 seemed to be vigrn-niis, lienltliy, ;md in good condi- 

 tion, now, (two years after,"! there are not five 

 per cent, of said trees in the " land of the living." 

 The Isabella nnd Catawba grapes, we read, "do 

 well" in our own latitude in the East, yet our 

 friends of Northern Iowa will doubtless agree with 

 mo that they invariably winter-kill here, unless 



the Alexander, perfectly hardy, a good hearer and 

 excellent fruit. The Concord grape also appears 

 to be hardy. 



There has been a lamentation going about Jure, 

 as I doubt not there has been in other new coun- 

 tries before, that fruit will never grow here. Ten 

 years will show such a sentiment to be very false. 

 I have visited a number of Nurseries in Northern 

 Iowu, and one thing has invariably attracted my 

 attention, There would be a number of rows of 

 trees (apple) side by side, sickly, half dead or dead 

 altogether, while on cither side perhaps a number 

 of rows of healthy, vigorous trees. I inquired 

 " Why is Ut Were they not planted at the same 

 time and treated in the same manner r" Tbey 

 were precisely, but the healthy, fine trees are 

 hardy here, and the sickly trees are tender and not 

 fit for this vicinity. 



Each locality has its own peculiar soil and 

 climate, and must have fruit trees, vines, Ac, 

 which will thrive with such elements. And why 

 need this be so little understood. Iowa hasher 

 large, Western corn, ond spring wheat, nnd New 

 York has eight -rowed Yankee corn, and winter 

 wheat. The beech, chestnut and magnolia trees 

 that grow so luxuriantly in Northern Ohio are not 

 found here. But I will leave this subject to abler 



HopklntQn, DcL Co., Iowa, April, 1659. 



La 



t Waiu 



W. Hut, of Gardner, Mass., says in the JK £. 

 Farmer, that himself and some half dozen neigh- 

 bors have for the last three years scattered air- 

 slaked lime over their plum trees, from the lime the 

 blossom leaf begins to fall until the curculio baa 

 done working, usually about four weeks. Their 

 trees are "all in a healthy state, and loaded with 

 good, smooth fruit, and the trees entirely free from 

 the blnck wart," though trees left to themselves 

 are badly affected with it. They use lime freely, 

 as often as the dew or rain takes it off— applying 

 it with a sort of pepper-box affixed to a pole. If 

 this proves generally effective it wUl be a great 

 blessing to lovers of fruit. B . 



MELONS. 



i the e 



They 



approaching for all lovers oi 

 good fruits and vegetables to commence planting, 

 I thought a little information in the line of melon- 

 growing would not come amiss. In order to have 

 good melons it is necessary to spend a little tin: 

 in preparing the soil and guarding them again: 

 the many dangers that beset them. The first thing 

 to be considered is the soil, 'Warm, sandy loam is 

 the best soil to plant, in order to be sure of a good 

 yield. The ground should be plowed about ten 

 inches deep eight or ten days before planting. 

 The hills should be prepared in the following man- 

 ner : — Dig holes eight feet apart each way in n 

 straight line, that they may afterwards be culti- 

 vated with a horse. The holes should be dug 

 twelve inches deep and sixteen inches square. Let 

 the holes become perfectly dry on the inside, then 

 fill each hole to within about one inch of the top 

 with fresh horse manure, und cover it with about 

 one-half an inch of rich, sandy earth, then your 

 ground will be ready for the seed. The time of 

 planting depends much upon the 

 should generally be planted after corn planti 

 As soon as the plants are up a little plaster should 

 be sprinkled upon the leaves to prevent the rava- 

 ges of tho striped bug, and should bo repeated as 

 often as is necessary. The plaster is not a remedy, 

 but a preventive. When the plants begin to show 

 the third leaf they should he watered two or three 

 times a day with a liquid manure, which may 

 prepared in the following manner : — Take one p< 



about three times as much water, and let it sta 

 about twelve hours. When the weeds begin 

 show themselves above ground take a horse and 

 cultivator and cultivate the ground all 

 tween the hills, and weed between the plants. The 

 weeds should be kept down, and the ground kept 

 mellow between the bills. All the work should be 

 done in the hottest part of the day, for it is very 

 injurious to the plants to work omong them when 

 tbey are wet ond cool. After you have followed all 

 these directions, all will be done toyour melons but 

 to watch them from robbers and eating thcin, 

 David W. Hekm 

 FnlrvUJe, Wayne Co., N. T., May, 1S59. 



Remarks.— We like these directions— all but the 

 slight covering to the manure. Was the man 

 thoroughly rotted it might answer, but half 

 inch is not sufficient covering for such a bed of 

 fresh, hot, horse manure. We thiuk our corres- 

 pondent must have made some mistake on this point, 



Teir Apple Bark Louse.— From several friends, 

 mostly at the West, we have received pieces ol 

 apple bark, completely covered with the Apple 

 BarhLome, with inquiries fora remedy. Tbescoles 

 ore relics of the bodies of female inse 

 and protecting their eggs. Tbeeggs 

 that these small scales sometimes cov 

 a hundred. The time of hatching is from the 

 die of May until the first of June. We 

 two of the best remedies known. 1st. Prune early 

 in the spring. Mix tar and linseed oil together, 

 and apply warm with a paint brush to every limb. 

 This, when dry, cracks and peels oft", bringing 

 away the scales and eggs with it. Trees thns 

 ed will show the benefit received by a vigorous 

 growth. 2d. Boil leaf tobacco in a strong lyi 

 it is reduced to an impalpable pulp ; mix this with 

 soft soap (which has been made cold, and not 

 jelly-like boiled soap,) to make the mass about 





I of t 



paic 



■ the 1 



apply this preparation with a brush, to every I 

 and twig. This will take time, hut the remed 

 effectual. A gentleman in the Western part of 

 State wrote us last season that he bad entirely rid 

 his orchard of this pest, by simply throwing un 

 leached ashes over the branches and trunk when 

 wet. Care must he used that the ashes do not 

 touch the leaves, The best time for this operation 

 would he early in the spring, before the buds push, 



— Ilaviiic a. I 



lu.isi-Eiso an Orciiabi) wrn 



anjtlilugon this syi 



IllUl.'lotl- I 





Wi once recommended the sowing of clover in 

 peach orchard, for manure, and watched the rc- 

 ult. The soil was very sandy, and poor, and the 

 reos wereevidently suffering fur nourishment. It 

 ras sown very early io the spring, thick, and made 

 good growth. We concluded that the trees were 

 ijored by tho clover (he first summer, bnt the 

 ext. just before coming into flower, it was plowed 

 under, and the effect was very marked and benefi- 

 iol for two or three years afterwards. 



before, or the spring tbey are to be sown? Is sheep 

 manure a good fertilizer Y-W. H. 8., Eddytoxcn, y. Y. 

 Top Onions are only grown, as far as wo havo 

 known, in gardeus, for summet use. Four pounds 

 of Onion seed wc generally sow to an acre, costing 

 from $1 to $1,50 per pound. Top Onions sell for 

 %V, per bushel, and it would take nearly 14. bushels 

 to plant an acre four inches apart in tho rows, and 

 the rows ooc foot apart. The White Onion is 

 prized for garden culture, but is not generally 

 grown by farmers. There is little difference as to 

 yield between the red and yellow. Wc would 

 plant Onions only on a well-prepared, clean soil. 

 The labor of keeping an acre of Onions clean ou a 

 turf would be intolerable. Sheep and hen manure 

 arc excellent for onions. If common stable manure 

 is used, it should be thoroughly -hxomposed. 



A Curiosity.— We were shown yesterday after- 

 oon, by Mr. B. F. Sloan, what we consider quite 



curiosity, though others have seeu the some 

 lings heretofore. It is a rose grafted on the poach 

 ee. The tree is now in full bloom, and must prc- 

 int a beautiful appearance. — Ptndltton ifasengrr. 



Hioiun Grapes- (T. IP., London, C. W.)— It 

 is by no means cerluin that a hybrid grape has 

 ever been produced. Many of the most scientific 

 portwlogists consider the change from the parent 

 as only a sport. 



COMPOSITION CAKE, FORK CASE, &c. 



Messrs. Editors; — Seeing by your paper thot 

 good recipes will be favorably received, I send a 

 few which we think arc really excellent: 



Molasses Fruit Cake.— One cup of butler; one 

 cup of sugar; 1 cup of molasses; 1 cup of sweet 

 milk; 3 eggs ; 1 tcaspoonful of soda ; i! of cream 

 tartar; 1 of cinnamon; 2 of cloves ; 1 nutmeg; 8 

 cups of flour ; 1 pound of fruit. 



Fork Cake.— One pound of pork (fat nnd salt) 

 chopped very fine ; 1 pint of boiling water poured 

 on the pork ; 1 cup molasses; 2 of sugar; 1 table- 

 spoonful of saleralus; 1 of cloves; 1 of cinnamon; 

 8 cups of flour; 1 pound of raisins. This makes a 

 very good fruit cake, especially if butler and eggs 



Composition Cake.— One and one-third teacups 

 of butter; \}& teacups of cream; 8 cups of sugar; 

 7 eggs; a teospoonful of saleralus; 1 cup of roi- 

 sins. Stir as thick as cup cake. «. "- s. 



I, N. Y„ 1S59. 



HIV 





Beeb and Viseoar. — Awhile 

 made some beer by the following process :-SbeIIed 

 some corn and boiled in clear water until tlipptry, 

 (say half an hour,) then took it out ot the water 

 and put into a keg of clean, cold water. To this 

 WC added about 1 quart of molasses to r > gallons of 

 water ■ left it in o warm place about 20 hours when 

 it was very palatable. But the best of the story is 

 to come After two or three days it soured, and 

 by putting some of it in a jug by the stove, in just 

 one week'i time we had good i inagaj. This 1 be- 

 lieve is the cheapest and quickest made I have ever 

 known. Thinking this may prove of value to 

 others I have narrated it for the thousands of Ru- 

 ralists —O. D. B., Rochtittr, Mo., 185U. 



TJaro Soap— An Imjuiry.— If any of your nu- 

 merous readers have u good recipe far making hard 

 soap. I wish tbey would send it to the Rgbal for 

 publication, and thus oblige very many house- 

 keepers who desire to make their own soup.— Ru- 

 ral Reader, Onondaga Co., ft. J*., 1850. 



Graham Bread.— Take a pint of warm water; 

 half a teacup of coffee sugar; one-fourth teaspoon 

 of soda; mix soft with unbolted flour made of 

 good winter wheat, cut in small cakes, bake quick. 



D. B. D., Oram 



Putty that has become hardened niar be render- 

 ed soft, so as to be casilv removed, by the applica- 

 of a hot iron to it. In this way it maybe 

 readily removed, where glow u broken, without 

 injury to the sash. 



2g££, 



