Ma* 



TWO DOT-LARS 



'PROGRESS .A^D IMPROVEMENT." 



[SINGLE NO. FOTTH. CENTS. 



VOL. X. NO. 25. t 



ROCHESTER, N. Y.-FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, JUNE 18, 1859. 



{WHOLE NO. 493. 



KOORE'S RURAI NEW-TOBKER, 



DUBAI., UTEIUI1I AM MILT NEWSfATER. 





INftDIRIES AND BOTES. 



cases il may coulaio small quantities of ammonia, 

 but nut enough In make it of any value oil this ac- 

 count, unil the small quantity it contains will lie 

 dissipated in dry ing. Fn 



D have given Ibe matti I 

 attention, '■> be injurious to vegetation ou account 

 "ft be alkaline mi lphurci of winch It is in part coin- 

 j.i-.-ii i ; > ' i poaure to the air Ibe siilplniu.i vi 

 calcium speedily absorbs oxygen and becomes a 

 sulphate of lime, or gypsum, iu which condition it 



: 'l<n it or grass, or for any crop that 

 Crould bo benefited by plaster. 



. mrfke a pood, pemai 



grenad, a 







,, appi :ir n 



.ed, , 



. II., 



Cattle hove n contrivance ■< | C 



; substances, termed the hnw, a flat 



Itll-ein ular form, situated 



within Ihi comer i f Ifce eye. 



eye La th-.j.,,- I .:.,- portion of 



. , . . . . j . 



'111. ■ i 'II l" Mm Mm! lllkl.' I'll llltllllllllialll'il liom 



■-\ mpittt] <vH || from iwjnry. 



dust or gravel. lhay swell prodigiouily, and Lhe 



11 eye, and catvuol return 

 ■ 



■ ' 



raJ "i il will ton u 



as long im he lives 

 If the d Incase is connected with inflammation of 

 ■■.■'. flu. I uilku.i 



■ i .i lent 'I bj n...- applies 



Inm "I u (umlai-il uinh, or diluted tincture of 



. art itself, lino 



lotion mn .1 be i' "-'I (two grains of white vitriol 



. ad the vitriol 



gradual!] ea i .i to foul grains; the tpnlbjftfion 



of a confined a-, much as possible to the part, and 

 ''"■ !" l uol being Buttered to get to the Bound part 



v Wer, a lotion of 



nllnrnilo i.i.n !"■ n,|.,|,tr.l, !h.-l "I huH 



Ounce of water, ami gradually increased 



■ In extirpate the port, the 



■ ■ iNts si Id 



until it ii known to be aUoluUly HA 



open the iu' with the lingers; a crooked 



. must be passed through 

 by means of which the part maybe 

 iir as possible ; and tlteti, willi ii |uii 

 < issors, the hair may bo neatly dis 

 U the ulceration extend to any of tbc 

 putts behind, cir lu il,,.- ,., 



■ 

 nrnhably follow the operation, and son 



!?.*[ ! h i!. ,1 !i? bor ! D8 vnru - bul tbo ' must bo 



If fungus sprout, it 

 is little dan 

 •artfully, but 



must be touched v 



■ . 

 the unpractical should 



A gentleman of Michigan wrote 

 wiiee, that honey aud lard, equal part*, xn 

 in almost every c 



■' ■ . r, W;ihn„,,- 



port, As., HOT, 



Tuke ii barrel and slake in it carefully, with 

 boiling water, half a bushel of fresh litne. Then 

 fill tbo barrel two thirds full of water, and odd 1 

 ■■■■l'"- !"■■'■ 1. 1 .-. iier cement. Dis- 

 solve in water and add 3 pounds of sulphate of 

 . mi , (v. inii- vitriol,) stirring the whole to incorpor- 

 ghly. Thewash should be of the con- 

 iiiin paint, and may be laid tm with 

 i or other brush. Tin* color is pale 

 color — nearly white. II you wish it to be 

 .'ii! jelluw ochre. :.• pounds in powder; 



. MM,. , 



■ i wash is mode as rollows . —Slake 

 with hot water, in a tub to keep in the steam. 



li dissolved, and in .i ; 



1 1 uh ■■■ line scire. TnkL' six i-iiuits of Hi is lime 



■ tjuart of clean ruck sail for each gallon of 

 the sail to he dissi/vcd by boiling, and the 

 ies to be skimmed oil". To five gallons of 

 xturc, (suit and lime,) add one pound of 

 ialf a pound of copperas, three-fourths of a 

 pound of potash, (the last to be added gradually,) 

 rour quarts ol Qne land, or hard wood aah.es. Add 

 coloring mutter to suit the fancy. 



cu respondent of the <'.■,■■■.■ (,,, <;. ,.//. ,,.„.„ gne- 

 Hoe bushel on.sl.iked lime; half a 

 Ion salt; three pounds alum, powdered; three 

 pi'omls saleratus, Mix: and put in a tight band 

 head out. If the lime is quite fresh, cold 

 Kilter— if not, then use hot water. Keep stirring 

 nhili slaking, adding water as required, so as not 

 become dry at any time. If it heats dry it he- 

 mes lumpy, and must not be overflowed with 

 iter so as to prevent the slaking going on. Stir 

 up well from the bottom. When finished it may 

 be thick as mush. 'When to be applied by a brush, 

 make the mixture the eousisteucy of whitewash— 

 about the thickness of cream. Apply the first coat 

 very thoroughly, tilling every crack or interstice 

 between the bricks or iu the boards. For wooden 

 fences a second coat of the same material is all that 

 is required. Those who desire to bate some other 

 color than white, can add coloring matter to taste. 

 Foa Brick Housks.— For the second coat, add to 





the i.i- 



aud mix as befoi 



ami preserves the 



12 pounds melted tallow, 

 is coat is impervious to 

 ig clean longer than paint, 

 I between the bricks bct- 



Me 



v 



THE OAT CKOP. 



Alabama. 



-p.'IIM- ti 



lowing ir 



Fomentation 



tended by another subscriber in the tamo': 



his the brutal practice of 



: . 

 iiic-ii is apt to follow. 





of Mobi 

 rite that they have perused With mi 



rticles on Oatt, as this is a crop 

 give particular attention, and in 



ii I'i'i" a] t'.r information send the i 



ignrd to Hat Culture tit the S h, and 



■ beat adapted to Southern culture: 

 Oats flourish well on almost any kind of soil, il 

 properly prepared and sown in due season. The 

 quality of the land of course influences the pro- 

 duct, and the greater its fertility the better the 

 replied directly, 

 as it cannot be to most other grain, without pro- 

 ducing too great a growth of straw. Thorough 

 and careful cultivation of Ihe soil is not lost upon 

 the oat crop. Iu favorable seasons, on well-tilled 

 1th proper quantity and kind of fertilizers, 

 sixty to eighty bushels per acre are produced, and 

 V lion does not exceed 15 to 13 cents 

 per bushel. 



ol seed required per acre, 

 n prevails. Some think oats 

 and rye; but the product of 

 Tenor, »nd it is better to sc 

 *l the ground — from three 

 though soi 



n difference of o 



the side shoots i 



■ 

 Ave bushels ar 



think two sufllci 



i bnabali . oi 



apply. Some varieties of oats require less 

 ■ -I hers. 

 Prixci Edwabd Islaxd Black Oato. — These 



oats are a huge heavy variety, growu m I'ium' 



Edward's Island, a small island in the British 



[tiiated in the Qulf of St Lawrence; 



and Ibej hove proved a very superior variety for 



.nd early spring sawing, withstanding the 



coldest weather we have in this sect inn , am! Ii.-im: 



from three weeks to one month earlier, enables the 



planter to harvest his crop in season to plant the 



me land with other crops. Tbey weigh from 5 



7 lbs. more lhau the ordinary out, and the large 



leaf-top makes it a superior variety fur cutting in 



the milk state for fornge. When properly cured, 



equal to the best fodder or bay, producing on 



piney woods land from 2,'.j to 1 tons per acre 



of this superior fmn-e In harvesting, then- is al 



ivaya bced enough hills to -eed the ground again, 



:ind the same land can be planted with other crops, 



and the outs will come up in the fall nnd furnish 



another crop. Tims, ooce sowing will bring rou 



crop aftercrop, until run out. No crop pa] ■ .. bet 



I'.r the -inn' 1 invM-imenl and trouble — 



This excellent variety was first introduced into 



s section some ten years ago, and its cultivation 



increasing. 



Jaltvobxia Oats. 1 — Lost season thee remark- 

 ably heavy oats were introduced by us for the first 

 n this section. They Tar surpass any ont we 

 'verseen in sii-c. weight, and yield. They 

 will weigh from 40 to ."0 lbs. 

 per bushel, are thoroughly acclimated and have 

 ,., .-I,,.-: .i .i .' In California they 



have prodm-L-d ':■ per acre. Sow from 



ratof .Tanuery to MtTj . ■■ i 

 jly cf seed. The following is the history of 

 ■igin and introduction of them, which IS Rir- 

 1 us by the party who intro I 

 When in Napa Valley, California, during the 

 spring and summer of 1854, a gentlemon having 

 heard much about a newly discovered mt. th- in- 

 credulous tales about its enormous yield and 

 height iuduced him, before starting home rin the 

 spring of 1858,1 to travel a considerable distance 

 search of the discoverer, who informed him that 

 three years previously, in barvestiog his wheat, 

 seed of which came from Chili, he found one 

 cb of oats the product of a single grain. Ob- 

 ing then grenl superiority to any ever seen by 

 before, he carefully preserved them and had 

 n them for three successive years; aud though 

 :amc near losing them the first, they bad Chat 

 year produce! ] He would 



ily part with a teacufful, which was sown iu 

 ills iu the Slute of Cenrgia, in Ihe memorable 

 dry spring of lb'i". Although affected much by 

 drouth, they yielded 2}'. gallons. These were 

 ;56 (also a fatal year on oats, being very 

 dry in the first part of the spring,) and eighteen 

 hu-l'ils were gathered. In the spring of l-,'7, a 

 portion of this eighteen bushels was sown on thin 

 upland ; lost considerably by allowing them to get 

 too ripe, and harvested 886 bftshela 

 mint, Which, by weight, would have been over loo 

 bushels, entirely free from smut and blasted heads. 

 Their height, one to two feet higher than ordinary 

 oats, and abundant yield. Their weight, and the 

 superiority of their straw and fodder, and of their 

 fertilising qualities, will cause them to supersede 

 all other varieties. 



Eqtftiah Oat.— This i>at wa3 imported into this 

 country from Scotland. It sometimes weighs as 

 high as IS pounds to the bushel. It is a large 

 white oat, and besides being the heavies! ".it we 

 have, my experience authorizes me to say that it is 

 the hardiest also. Col. Ctioou, the President of 

 the Alabama State Ag Society gives bis experi- 

 ence with this oat as follows :— " It is safer, both 

 for a winter and volunteer crop, than any other oat 

 which I have used, ami quite as safe Inr a spring 

 crop. It certainly, for a volunteer crop, adds 

 much to ii, value, ;:_s these crops fnruish finegra/- 

 iug, usually from the middle of February until 

 June; so that, from a field of these oats, first, a val- 

 uable grain crop is obtained in Juue; next, grazing 

 from native grass often till frost; and then four 

 months' gazing fmni the volunteer crop, in the la 

 ter part of winter, and the entire spring sowing 



Tub WBM1BH Black UID White Oat and the 

 Xurtfnrn White are suitable for spring 



Gurrs Mot \tatn Oats— M.Gr.c';oi!V, of Orleans 

 county sends us a short, plump, heavy white oat, 

 a small package of which be received from Wash- 

 ington under the above name. Mr. G. says:— 

 " these I have been endeavoring to increase, but 

 owing to grasshoppers and other evils am not yel 

 ready to supply 'Rcrai- readers' with seed. I 



variety to me, altogether, grow very rapidly and 

 at the time they begin to bead are si,rae six inches 



The above eiM,'i Mine n 

 Horse Mower, as now manufactured by 



.no, of UofTalu, N V . ii 1--' 



CTJTVrs OKK-HOIiSE MOWKR. 



. t, ,■ Kin rulj attained a tielglil and 



. IU' 



• Mo. 



Mow 



celebrated '* institutution" among farmers, bj 



whom its inventor is regarded as a gl 



aud if, as is claimed, this tingle maehina 

 idea nil the best features and late Improver 



(s of Ihe driiihl- one, il mn-.t prove a most 

 valuable acquisition. It is thus described by the 

 Manufucttii'-T, ami rununr.'iided by the Press: 



lis machine weighs about 450 lbs ,cuts 8 feet 

 es, is easily drawn by one horse, and capable 

 of cutting from six to eight acres of grass per day. 

 t combines all of the features of i! ■■■ ' 

 bines, and has all oftbelateimproVements. These 

 'aluable improvements consist of an improved 

 guard -finger, lever and roller, by which the driver 

 lise the finger-bar at pleasure; a nilhrin ihe 

 shoe, so that in reality the entire machino 

 uns on wheels, which u holly piewnt . any 

 oud consequently much reduces the draft. 

 The machine is wurnmti .1 



le, A Trial of this machine took place at 

 Columbus a short time since, of which the Ohio 

 ' remarks, as follows: 

 'here was a trial In Capital Square, yesterday aiter- 

 of a beautiful one-bor-i- M«wln» Mae'iin. , on lln- 



kMi- -tall. •■! unripe -ru.- Itnin 1!" n|,f!glil, hardeued 



; ' 

 -r,.„ 1 1] "I - gr;i-< Willi Hie Krealeal rum'.— 

 iim-npati'iil, uiantifiietnred 



bxajt. L. Howard, at Bnlftle, N, Y.,ond la wnsfond 



Mr. ITon.irl tils., tin. .n Inns K-l.'l.iim 1 * Patent Grain 





,...„, 



i. (illl, I 



I tm- 

 ) agent f»T 



mi flab i; purchased one of Mr. ? 



their sal" in mis i-en'ml portion of Hie Stnte." 



/;., ,,.!■ quotes the remarks of the 

 and 



tho,C mitteo at tho United States Trial atSyra- 



.1 the opera- 

 lion of the different machines uhieh were tested at 

 the time. Being strictly a practical man, it reflects 

 credit upon and gives character to the Kelchum 

 Machine, that he should have -elected it from the 

 many on exhibition, to sell and recommend to the 

 farmers Of his own State.'" 



BUTTER MAKING. - PRIZE ESSAY. 



I IlAtllAWAV, "I Mil.lTl. 



iclitngs are adopted to u 





ScATTEREti over the State of Ohio, and forming 

 an important division of the mixed husbandry 

 which generally prevails in it, are very numer- 

 ous small daitiea, of from four to six, or ten 

 cows each. From the surplus product of these 

 small dairies, our market supply of butter is mainly 

 derived. In the composition of this Essay, I shall 

 write with special reference to these facts, and shall 

 aim at practical results, rather than attempt a 

 treatise which an amateur might pronounce perfect. 



If correct and practical information, in theutt 

 of Butter Making, could he disseminated among all 

 the managers of these small dairies, so as to at- 

 tract aud tix their attention, and bring then man- 

 agement into conformity therewith, who can doubt 



■nt. On k rich soil * 



poor land three would be a plen 



hlgticl 



t the comfort of tl 



selecting cows for a da/i 



without re fere 

 if the dairy ah 



r homes would be improved, 

 their pecuniary interests advanced, and a special 

 favor conferred on all who partake of the product 

 Of their skill. 



en, for the last thirty-three years, a 

 practical farmer, and during that time connected 

 with a Dairy, I have tested all that is contained in 



I think it may be "regarded as establ.shed," 

 ■ -7, we may with 

 dual character, 

 breed ; that is, 

 e is to determine the selection, 

 .garded as established," that, while 



the Short-horns, a- a breed, are iu nuly adapted for 

 beef, yet there are fumilie- und mdiv nluals of this 

 breed, excellent for the dairy; and if a selection of 

 such be carefully made they would give good -iiIim- 

 faction, U is said, that, in the London dairy es- 

 tablishments, nearly every cow is a Short-horn.— 

 If, in the nii\ed husbandry associated with the 

 dairy, beef is an object, then, by all mean . ,.j,'.f 



from the Short-horns 



The established character of the Devons is to 

 yield milk in small quantity, but rich In quality; 

 yet from this breed, o 

 viduals may bo seclected that a 



i c M >, 





Of our native c 



Evans, of Marcy, C 



selected from his ; 

 butter, in thirty I 

 Vail, of Troy, iu il 



Durliams, indl- 



b dairyman 

 . practical dairymen prefer 



ord thulE. K. 

 ,.,,'ki Co . N V , with fivecows, 

 [j, , i,,.,.f. made 217 pounds of 

 r-cessire days; while George 



"in, petition for 



iduol- oi'V (■■'■ -elected, that for dairy pur- 



the best. 

 B Aj rshircs and Alderncya have established a 

 , s reputation for the dairy ; yet in Ohio they 

 ot found abundant enough for the dairyman's 



On the whole, it appears clear, that, 

 >ws for the dairy, we need not be confined 

 no breed, but may search for the best milki 

 gardlesa of breed, being aware, however, tl 

 Quantity ol milk doea not always detcrmi 

 quantity of butter. Of this, the churn ■ 

 lactometer should be the I 

 uenceofFeed.E 



~&£$^- 



