S33=~ 



•vt'sa.ft' i 



[OOBE'5 KUliAJ. KF&W-YO&KEK. 



iu oxida of i' on - lbo »*'ell 

 >e or an orange red color. Secondly, he in 

 us that some hens fed upon barley b)od. 

 I not Lay well, and tbflt the 7 ,car off «* c b 

 , reiifaw*. H» " l( "° m ' xed wiln tbe b * rI 

 feathers chopped op, which they ate cage i 

 ligesUd freely. By so adding milk to th. 

 food they began to la 7. ond ™»«d plucking c 



! ■ rls.— Like human beings, towls ai 

 susceptible of being influenced by change of cl 

 male, dirt, noil and water. Tbey require a litt 

 care until they become acclimated, which the 

 never fail to be after a lime ; but it id unfair to coi 

 demn tbem as tender or unfilled for any partieuli 



Others require a range. Their properties 

 different, that every one may be suited if ___ 

 only take the necessary trouble nod seek proper 



Manner of Feeding.— Regularity where fed by 

 hnnd, should always bo obi-erred in tho hours of 

 feeding; also in the quantity of food give: 

 surfeit them one day und starve them tho n< 

 give the fowls their food as regulurly as y 

 your own meals. Nothing is easier kept than 

 fowls. No kind of food comes amiss to then: 

 ! v,,Ury.— In England, more than 



years ago, there woro exhibitions and prizes a 

 cd for the heat and largest poultry. At the: 

 bihiliona noblemen of the highest rank be 

 competitors. Earl Spknccr, in 1837, carried tbe 

 highest prize for a turkey, which neighed 20^ 

 pounds. One capon was exhibited which weighed 

 T pounds and 14 ounces; one pullet, a pounds 

 and 3 ounces ; one goose 18 pot 

 pair 



Leadenhall -Market, which weighed !>1 pounds, 

 brought three guineas each. Ono eighteen moi 

 old, and weighing "1 pounds, was sold at the s 

 price. 



We have seen it stated in a Philadelphia pa 

 that in \-.\'i, a farmer from New Jersey obtained 

 $10 50 for a turkey, in this way :— He boasted that 

 his turkey weighed 30 pounds, and asked a price 

 for it proportionate to its dimensions. A customer, 

 doubting this, said ho would giro him fire dollars 

 for tho turkey if it weighed 25 pounds, and one 

 dollar for every pound over that weight, Tho tur- 

 key was put on tbe scales and weighed 30}^ pounds. 

 The gentleman kept his word, paid the $10 50. and 

 took his turkey home for his Now Year's dinner. 

 BpringBldo, K. Y., 1S59. G. N. Burner. 



ECONOMY INBUILDING.-CEMENTE00FS, &e. 



of the Rural, of a letter from Wm. ImuiT, of 

 Moscow. We are obliged to him for bis sugges- 

 tion ; for although his plan may not, on trial, prove 

 in be th* pbm, yet tbe (Ustfttlaion may lead to 

 valuable improvement. 



There are in the West very many people-a 

 multitude — of limited means, who desire to build, 

 but who are deterred, more or less, by want of 

 capital. These are all deeply interested in any 

 plan which promises to diminish the first cost with- 

 out loo much sacrificing durability, usefulness, 

 and taste. Durability is a very important conside- 

 ration, yet it may be purchased nt too groat cost, 

 especially by beginners in life. In illustration I 

 give my own experience. Twenty -five years ago, 

 having linked my destinies wilh those of a "fairer 

 and better half," I found it necessary within the 

 limits of six months, and a small amout of funds, 

 to build a house and more into it, to build a barn 

 and till it, und dig a deep well that we might drink 

 of its water. I accomplished it nil, having the 

 satisfaction of proving an estimate of receipt and 

 disbursement made in the beginning of my under- 

 taking, to be so far correct that the latter fell with- 

 in the former. 1 placed a heavy and substantial 

 barn frame on burr onk pillars, some of them five 

 feet in length, obtained from a large treo near by 



cost |60. Twenty-tout years after I renewed these 

 pillars ata cost of $10— mating $13 for, say 40 years. 

 Now, had I built the stone wall, and paid for 

 durability at the same rate through the whole of 

 my undertaking, I should have seriously embar- 

 rassed myself, and been unable to obey tbe Apoa- 

 lie H injunction "owe no man anything." 



Still, durability is v.tv valuable. Frequent ei- 

 rioualy derange farm busi- 



■ icl. 





not seasonably attended to, very much to the dam 

 age of the buildings. I made tho inquiry about 

 water-lime cement roofs, because I was informed 

 thai theyhad stood the testof years, atacost of one- 

 half, or less, than the cost of pine shingles. If this 

 be true, I hope some one will yet respond to the 

 Inquiry. If the RvBAJL can be the medium of dis- 

 seminating such information as theahove promises 

 to be, it will add one more valuable item of intelli- 

 gence to the many it has published. 



frnend Ltham solicits criticism. Without pro- 

 tending much qualification for tho task, I venture 

 on a little. 1st. I think his plan will not diminish 

 the firat cost. Id. If cement is objectionable over 

 the whole roof, would it not bo more flo between 

 jjw tiles? .id. Wonld not the severe extremes of 

 ■"" Hid, of wet and drouth, expand and con- 

 In <rT t ' 1 "' causiu P leakage in tbe joinings?— 

 MB. fa P """ lcslod - Ml wll ° h"e often 



WtfaJftaftUaJi!! W ' tb MW it,Tent,ona . know tbe 

 mii.„ 1.-.IW- ,' Vu *7 respectfully, 



Milan, Erie Co.,o„ lsao, J '„ 



Cobblb-Stoxr Ploom).— in •„« , .. . 

 quiry of A. It. about cobble-ston,. Hours I ° Ti 

 any they are very good if b* righl _ that J^ 

 m leached ashes, d.rt, or und. „„ n (bc f . md 

 down, and then covered with din or und 

 would be well enough to lay a coupl„ of pUu ^ M 



e back of tbe stable, on sticks laid Ln t tt( , ^ 



Allb> IIbown, Borodino, 3 



MORSE'S PATENT DOOR HANGERS. 



represent Monsa'a Patent Self- Adjusting Door 

 Rolls, or Hanger, for Sliding Doors— the small cut 

 showing tho banger, and the large one the door 

 complete— as manufactured by A. N. Wood 4 Co., 

 of Euton. N. Y. This improvement is well adapted 

 to barns and othcrout-buildings, is cheap, and has 

 been highly commended by practical men who 

 haTe it in use. Tbe prop; 

 make the folio 



It is a settled question as to economy and cou- 

 tence that Doors on Hums and out-buildings 

 should be suspended on rollers. The great liability 

 ' the swing door to be broken in pieces by the 

 ,. iud, together with many other inconveniences, 

 should be taken into consideration by every farmer. 

 SlidiDg doors, when properly constructed, may be 



and may at any time be opened t pushed buek.) 

 a greater or less distance, as circumstances m 

 require. It is also a well known fact that dot 

 being constantly exposed are liable to warp, chan 

 ing their position more or less every day The 

 side of the building is seldom if ever true, rcndi 

 ■ u lt it ditlieult to make a straight track. In ore 

 to insure cose ol operation, tho above difficulti 

 must bo overcome. Ity allowing the roller an inde- 

 pendent motion in a lateral direction, or i 

 adjusting principle, which will admit of its a 

 mo dating Itself to a crooked rail, or allow the door 

 to warp without changing tbe relative posit 

 the roller with respect to the rail, all crampi 

 avoided. The shore cut represents a door hi 

 that has most effectually overcome this diffii 

 This article has been thoroughly tested by l 

 practical farmers, and has taken the place of the 

 old-fashioned permanent standard. It has be 

 much improved during tbe last year, and is n 

 nll'ered to dealers iu hardware and agricultural i 

 plementBj warranted in every respect superior 

 anything of the kind before the public." 



THE FE0ST AOT) ITS CONSEQUENCES. 



"Jura fbosts" were never popular among this 



people, and I observe the more they abound the 

 ore they are spoken against. Some get aloog 

 th them better than others. J. took to rejoicing 

 er the escape of his peas and onions, while W. 

 is assiduous in making himself miserable over 

 the loss of his tomatoes and squashes. K people 

 ould spare a little time from their losses and trib- 

 ;Iations to think of their mercies, they would get 

 icA just as fast, and happitr a great deal faster. 

 Looking, then, at what we have saved, I think 

 .no-half of our apples remain, (apples aro worth all 

 ither fruits put together.) Now, as in good years, 

 me-half of the apples of the country me uniformly 

 and invariably lost by neglect, or by careless feed- 

 ing and gathering, I propose that we take good 

 ;aro of our trees — dig, dung, prune and mulch 

 hem— aud then save all that grow upon them, and 



i be a 



ncllo 



I think one-half of the coin in Western New 

 York was not large enough to be materially injured 

 the frost. Much of it was not out of tbe ground. 

 Tew pieces were re-planted, in part, with beans. 

 Corn is small, but it ia generally of good color. 

 We baud it over with our best wishes, to July and 

 ugust— trusting thai no one will forget that the 

 .il should bo mellow and the weeds be missing. 

 Early potatoes have suffered most, but the destiny 

 ' tbe potato crop is still with the future. Com- 

 paratively few beans fin Wyoming Co.) have beei 





' £'■■:> 





They 



largely planted, and if wc have a good Fall n- 

 pen and save them we can get up bean porridge 

 longh to feed tbe nation, and have some to spare 

 i "the rest of mankind." 



Winter wheat, rye and barley were somewhat 

 ijuied, but not as much as was represented. 

 Grass is tho nearest to a failure. It was nipped 

 and stunted by the frost, but the open winter, the 

 cold, dry spring, and multitudinous neglect and 

 abuse, as heretofore sit forth, by your con- ^undent, 

 tbe principal causes of the fearful shortness that 

 fills many with alarm. It is calculated that many 

 meadows will not yield more than half a tun 

 of bay to the acre, but I can show any gentleman 

 who will call upon me, some grass managed ac- 

 cording to my direct inn*, f given in the Rural last 

 April,) that will yi<U four tuns to the- acre. Any- 

 body Unit goes to berating Providence on account 

 of short grass, is a mean fellow, anyhow. 



.spring wheat and barley, (not non-h of the 

 ras sown iu this quarter last spring, for peo- 

 11 seldom put in a crop unless they are 

 d to pay high for their seed,) arc small and 

 backward. 



ck wheat is being sown, for it can take the 

 place of grain that hus failed, aud it is bringing 

 dollar and u half to three dollars, n bushel 

 for seed. Black raspberries were repnr lad "fiile]," 

 but persistent urchins and inquisitive females will 

 the lower branches and the sheltered 



m-lie- 



I Of 1 



. OCCUpli'.^ .1 



ed in part by woolen. 

 In the whole, if we attend tcdl to whi 

 may, wilh the blessing of 

 through. n. t. b 



THE DRIVE WHEEL OUT OF PLACE. 



FniEND Moors :— Your Rv 

 and noble position as the faithful friend of hoi 

 industry, and your arduous labors are highly l*?ne- 

 icial to the human race. Your task is assumed in 

 in age in which the laboring man hus fallen "among 

 hiens," who have robbed him and left him. half 

 dead, and your weekly issue, like the good Soman- 

 .n, comes to bis rescue, binding up bis wounds, 

 id affording aid and protection. 

 Tbe spirit of speculation has long run rampant 

 trough the business world, proposing to revolu- 

 oniie, remodel, and improve the whole machinery, 



an 1 promising wealth without labor, and pleasure 

 and luxury without care. The industrious, thrifty 

 happy farmer was allured from bis field, and per- 

 suaded to " sow to tbe wind, and has reaped the 

 whirlwind." The honest, unsuspecting mec 

 was flattered from his workshop, deceived, stripped 

 and cast down. Nor could this spirit cease its 

 work until a blow was struck at the very founda- 

 tion of permanent prosperity, aud the long tried 

 muin-spriug, or drive wheel, wits displaced, and 



and Mechanics, have ever constituted tbe drive oi 

 power wheel of all sound, honest, prosperous, one 

 permanent business, lint the fast uge of specula- 

 tion was unwilling to acknowledge dependence 

 upon that which has been branded as the drudgery 

 department of business, and now this obi wheel, 

 which has turned tbe whole machinery of business 

 for centuries with strength and safety, must he torn 

 out, and a new one substituted, ono made of rail- 

 road and bank stocks, pride, and [nili tical gambling. 

 To execute this work no patronage is wanting. — 

 Stocks are current in exebongo for "Honorable 

 Legislators." Anew Administration with a chosen 

 corps of Engineers, is organized. Will it run and 

 drive the machinery profitably, is the great ques- 

 tion in Wall street. Some fear, others hope, while 

 tbe more shrewd know it will not. " AH ready- 

 clear the truck— go ahead." Not a motion. "Go 

 ahead— <io ahead .'" Ono turn and a crash — '"7— 

 57. It has proved a fatal experiment. 



A man once built a brick ship for the ocean. 

 She swamped, and went down iu the harbor— the 

 builder, just escaping with his life, comfort L -d him- 

 self with the reflection, " it is worth something to 

 know what I can't do." So in this reversion of the 

 order of business, if we are satisfied to know what 

 can't be done, and will Icaru to do what can and 

 ought to be done, a little good may yet be gathered 

 from the evil. What is to be doner Let the old 

 power wheel bo put back in the best possible stale 

 of repair, and swell the shout through the land, all 

 honor to the real producers, and the whole machine- 

 rapidly feel the invigorating impulse. 



When wo reflect that all animal existences are 



i port 





producer.-;, it is no marvel that the laborer is crush- 

 ed under bis unjust task, and the resources of the 

 country arc dried up. The time was when children 

 were taught to love work and their books equal to 

 theirsports, and manual labor was a part of every 

 child's education. It was never even hinted that 

 honest labor was not respectable. IJoys were not 

 then educated in saloons, theaters, und gambling 

 houses ; nor girls fitted up for dolls, or show cases. 

 The child was taught to live for an end und with a 

 plan. These were time-honored days— days that 

 reared healthful bodies, stroog and well discij. lined 

 minds, and a nerve to plant and mature tho free 

 institutions of this country. To the doctrine of 

 self-dependence in honest industry America is in- 

 debted lor us high position among tbe nations of 

 tho earth. Aud so far as we baTc departed from 

 this doctrine, eithci in practice r>r the education of 

 our children, we have tarnished our good name, 

 aud endangered the best interests of society. The 

 doctrine of wealth without labor, and pleasure 

 without toil, is false iu theory, dangerous in prac- 

 tice, and unworthy u place in any honest man's 

 creed. Yours, then, is a responsible position. — 

 You stand at the only available wheel that drives 

 the whole machinery of society. Its sturdy revo- 

 lutions, with a smiling Providence, send gladness 

 and plenty through the laud. Tbe time I trust is 

 hastening, when this doctrine will be more than 

 ever appreciated, and prosperity moio justly at- 

 tributed through society C. n. o. 



A.OOTUTO knowledge is the base upon which to 



Rnrcu Spirit of the press, 



In nine cases out of ten when our domestic 

 animals become- diseased, they are at once the 

 victims of tbe owner's misplaced confidence in 

 some quack cow-leech, or drug, or patent medicine, 



dork than in any other department of farm c 

 my. Tho drugging system is getting a good many 

 hard knocks from the Agricultural Press nowa- 

 days, and we hope it will ioon be banished fore' 

 A recent ibsuo of the American Stock Journal 

 remarks : — " Continually dosing animals is just as 

 useless and injurious to them, as is the constant 

 swallowing of drugs and poisonous compounds to 

 the human system. It is all folly to allow your 

 stables to become hospitals, and to nmell and ap- 

 pear like an apothecary's shop. It is much more 

 humane to shoot a horse, or knock an animal on 

 tho head at once, than to force down its throat 

 doses of drugs whose quality of action you k 

 little about, having the effect to create dis 

 where it did not exist, aud prolong suffering m 

 beyond the time in which nature would herself 



A iiecevt issue of tho Sural Intelligencer 

 tains a few hints upon this subject which are t< 

 point. They ore as follows:— "Let tho uti 

 neatness be observed in the management of the 

 barn. No moro hay or other fodder should 

 thrown on tbe floor at once than is requisite 

 supply one feed. By throwing large quantiti 



able loss from the drying of the fiber, which renders 

 it less palatable to the animals, as well as less 

 nutritious. Sweeping the floor daily promotes 

 cleanliness, and conduces to the health am 

 sequently the comfort of animals. The sweepings 

 of tbe floors should be preserved, as (his is the 

 easiest way to save some of tbe most valuable grass 

 seeds. The mangers and cribs should be daily 

 cleaned out and frequently washed. ' What is tho 

 use of being so very particular^ I never washed 

 my cattle's manger,' said Solomon Shiftless. Very 

 well, Solomon, your cows probably have as 

 an appetite for their fodder as you would have if 

 your wife gave you the same plate unwashed fen 

 month, from which to take your meals." 



Edward Everett is tbe most elegant rbeto: 

 cian in Americn. Here is a little allegory taken 

 from one of his agricultural speeches:— " Drop a 

 grain of California gold in the ground, and there it 

 will lie unchanged to the cud of time. The clods 

 on which it falls are not more cold and lifeless. 

 Drop a grain of our blessed gold into the ground, 

 audlol a mystery. Inafew days it softens — it 



ATI I, 





It is yellow itself, but it sends up an emerald green 

 through the soil— it expands to a vigorous stalk- 

 revels in the sunshine— itself more glorious 

 Solomon in its broad, fluttering, leafy robes, whoso 

 sound, as the west wind whispers through them, 



rustle of his sweetheart's garment; still towers 



aloft, spins its verdant skeins of vegetable floss, 

 displays Us dancing tassel-, smeharged with ferti- 

 lizing dust, and at last ripens into two or three 

 magnificent batons like this. ( an oar of Indian corn, 



of gold, every ono possessing tbe same wonderful 

 properties as tbe parent grain, every one in 



h the 



eprot 



s pow 



Tub last Star Paper iu the Independent, U 

 evidently written by Mr. Bcccber from his new 

 farm. He dates " from the country," and say3 :— 

 "And now, do you ask, wondering reader, whal 

 all tins preludes/ Just this: Unit we are a three 

 cow gentleman farmer! Again, we know what i; 

 tbe real taste of milk. We have" once more, be- 

 fore we die, seen cream! Twenty-six pans of milk 

 were skimmed this very morning; and now, if 

 were riding past, you should see twenty-six inv 

 ed pans on the fence.in thesnn, sbininglikesil 





sunshine, for the night's milk ! Even the 



jctter here than citizens do in New 

 For, although we take off' the cream, wc 

 think of giving them anything weaker than B kim- 

 milk !— four pigs that once were longer than broad, 

 but which are rapidly growing to the shape of a 

 marble," Mr. Beecher says a cow is the saint of 

 tho barn-yard. She eats, ruminates, digests, and, 

 short, lives for the sake of others. She could 

 be fat if she was only selfish, but nothing can well 



ire devoid of all beauty than a genuine milker. 



conomizes beauty that she may be profuse in 

 milk. She is tbe very ideal und pattern of a saint, 



s as poor us if living a life of maceration, 

 who gives her whole strength to lacteal benevo- 

 lence, who is patient, gentle, guileless, contented. 



S.ws the editor of the Working Farmer:— 

 Ashes may be composted with swamp-muck, 

 ver mud, or other soil containing much organic 

 latter, and after tin- decomposition of the deodor- 

 er by ashes, the whole mav be mixed mtb stable 

 lanuros; but ashes in its natural slate should 

 ever be mixed with any mauure containing ammo- 

 iaorils constituents. Lime or ashes, if mixed 

 with stable manure, causes its decomposition to be 

 rapid, forcing out the ammonia and causing its 

 loss. Tbe potash in wood ashes is of a progressive 

 character, and is very valuable for most crops, and 

 i all soils. We never met with soil overcharged 

 th potash, for even when the organic matter of 

 the soil has been too rapidly disposed of by an ex- 

 fashes, it has resulted in o greater amount 

 of plant-growth, enabling the owner to afford new 

 doses of organic matter. Although ashes should 

 dd not be mixed with stable manure, still, 

 after the manures have been plowed under, a top- 

 ing of ashes is always useful ; tbe potash 

 leacbe3 gradually into the soil, correcting acidity 

 during its descent, and ou meeting with the ma- 

 nure, decomposes it, and renders it soluble for the 

 use of plants. Potash in the soil prepares silica, 

 bv rendering il slowly soluble, to form tho outer 

 coating of plants; it also assists iu the various 

 chemical changes necessary for rendering inorganic 

 matter of all kinds soluble." 



Agricultural itlisccllann. 



~ 



"d'rzif 



e Blessing. — Tho Troet 









opinion of 



many tntelllg 





likelf to p 



ove advaniag t 









a,for many destructive 



wl.'-' , ,'l 



ten checked 



r kitted by the front. 

 mcly chock, the mldgo.g 









«rz, 



aeursMum^ 



y localities of Western o 



jcomlng very buoyant and elevated, while earit 



r are so charged with caloric thai oom, etc, 

 ;gln to make rapid progress upward. Of cour 

 iallv encouraged 



■ ugh,' 





r thla city, on Mundc 

 Co., at Balavla.om 

 . Co., at Lyons, on t 



I writing (June 23d) loo) 



Timothy wilh Buckwheat. His mode It 

 liuckwbeat Bad drag onci> ; then bow the T 

 tarring the seed and rolling in plastsr,) 



