DOLLARS A YEAH.i 



'PIIOGKI'SS .VXD IMITJOVKJIJ ,.\ 1 . 



-NIMtiLK NO. 



VOL X. NO. 30.1 



ROCHESTER, X.Y.-FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, JULY 23, 1859; 



I WHOLE NO. 498. 



MOORE'S RUBAI. NEW-YORKER, 



RURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NBWBPAFXR 



Idacalfonal. Literary a 



* Mailer, In to mi creed » 



and lambs would mij by being turned 



same yard; or tlie children mix by being congre- 



■ ... .1 .., the same iobool*room. Thoui I po 



uu oaltlfaten on read; toaaj thai they hnve 



tint UU the least evidence of mixture in the bill, 

 nod jet one occasionally nsseits that sued thlogl 

 do tnko place, mid claims to have won.- , ,i a per 



rtrotton ol the fact Our sfnotebw 



called out the following repl) in IhaPalasHDtmo 

 onu other friend, forward 

 ed un ti miirfced copy. 

 "Do Potato** Mi* ,* tiiBltiLLV'-Mr.. 1 niror.:- 

 ■ 



tliutn irlai for - I -■■■■ 



pmdacu ■• m ■■■ prdgi b 



Bui / think good 



■ 





in ibe bill, tad "■". M 



Editor, with Bcv*- 





■ 1 O* Li ■ 



icL Hnt.O'xv 





of that fat, Ull by me U 



our nBlofl Ivt (all, 



Our friend of Oswego Con 



u.-ihi.A 



call i 



datable on uc 

 | it, Li quality 1 , we knon ol do vaHetj 



superior, if any equal ; oud ne bcli I've tins is the 

 ■ ■* indges. Then what t*o 

 ■ 



■ i . ■ 



vigorous, productive rod sort, just thi 



!"-»■ its character upon the fine, whin 



could such t 



ng short of i 



■...•with these 



Tl,, morning, July ,,, . 



'■''"* »ud Aici-,„, ( g TOWb in •* ., 



b] fidt, within two foci of each other 



were u true to kind as though grown w 



Wool, then, «hall we do with the n. 



Bruits and Qoneri 



■ bit is, depart, in form 



general appearance from ibe variety to w huh they 



Wong, w M io appear like a new or di 



i resemblance 

 riety to which 

 i 

 tte*e reason Hut careful men, when called upon 

 name ilmn, prefer to have MVai 



* m lallon, »[„)_ ^ peajible, ,j JO |t,e wood 



coritst couclu.-iou. from a bushel 

 1 * » ,n "«tany variety, 

 i >e» ■« Tery urongLv marked in some 

 ^wecangeBe, | 







different stage 

 show their tru 



■iinfouiid tin' best j'i Igi 



i growing condition, ivn 

 Lured, and others in tl 

 in th" best condition 1 





ne sine, an intelligent form 

 1 how uophilosophical was I 

 e changed by g 



, who r, 





i for t 



that (he potatoes which he hud been growing for 

 a number of years, were very evidently nudgradu 

 ally changing in their character. This led us t( 

 examine them, s nil the inquiries neces- 



sary to arrive ai the facta. When In-' planted 

 about eight or nine years ago, they were of one 

 kind, or nearly so, for he admitted that there 

 might have been, in fact, there was, a xhgltl mix- 

 i ,: '■ . ■ t.,uil!y a potato of 



i their 



1 



In a ft-v 



■■ M.K 



tanged as to ufTecl their pale, the interlopers 

 if un inferior sort, which made u neees-ta- 

 rocure others for seed. We. bad no dillicul- 

 :couuting for this without a change in the 

 'he bulk of the potatoes, when firsiploutcd, 

 ferctfg, a flrst-rale potato, but, like most of 

 od sorts, not very productive. The others 

 inch inferior iu quality, though more pro- 

 ■, perhaps yielding one-half more ihun the 



So, 



- t nty . 



■ plantc 



where 



paina was taken to select the seed, but all 

 planted promiscuously, as produced; in tight 

 the proportion of each would be equal, nod 

 ;en years only otic in tweuty would be of the 



i variety producing double the i|n. mt.it ,- ol 

 ue seed, and planted as before descubed, in 

 rears the varieties would be equal, and in 



ial stock. Tin 

 ; which bare ci 



only act 

 iany V 



■m in Hie hill, but also shows the i 

 cessity ol carefully selecting seed. 



Hybridization is effected alone through the si 

 un! organs of the flower, th* pollen or Icrnlir.. 



ponder of tlie t.t<vi<: to filling upon \be jh.Ii U, n 



Hhu.gr 



part 





,'„.(.<-, 



ened portion ol an nnder-gronn 



)v, no M-xmil organs. As well might the brunches 

 of a tree unit and change their character u« the 

 braucbes of the potato. Were this ho, then all 



"in- nml.s on vegetable physiology must he re- 

 written— we tnuai iinle;iiii nil we hnve ]e:n tied and 



WATER PIPE.-H0USEH0LD DUTIES, ETC. 



Soutlliingsu 



ne- .i 



orldure won I. . 



■■ ■ ng the former 

 genera! mlo. arrangements 

 in supply of water for Ibe 



I ■ b Id and for 



Lovers of cleanliness value antidotes for dirt, 

 and lovers generally would lighten the labor of fair 

 bunds. Suppose a person, or, to make the case 

 stronger, u woman, OBI quite 6O0Qgh tO do,— just 

 enough to do,— well, that's right, do Hand be glad. 

 Add somethingel.se thereto, iWs ,i i. r,i „ ■ ,umll, 

 counted immaterial, infinitesimal il you please, 

 added thereto it exhausts the vital nowern, and is 

 ise of hnltb and enjoyment. In the 

 long .un we shall accomplish most by 

 oppressive labors. By tu the largest portion of 



fnl i ■ people do i- reasonable labor; it is 



more than health and happiness require of us 

 but 'J.- little too nine b, the udded e.n. 



t oftht tchoU. Inslcad of being free latjoiers, 



«>■ l".'l. <>--■ Ily n[iou our sJavbh task 



labor drudgery, and sigh for some othl 

 aaofulDMS, 

 UtthU nintUmiA .- t „tury cwidtrit—con*id«r 



by mat gppl a . her kinds 



may look out for ili.-m-i ■.■. i 



wry work a lUtU ia*><<, 



Pursuing this inquiry, "the century" will find 



among the poasi 





to say, at 

 . ngiugv 



OOg I 



icl.mlil 



.111,1 tha » 



- a habit of r 

 iiio-t people have doubih 



you wish to b 



in any place 

 fountain bead. Put it do*] 



a the house, the fields, 



ining down li 

 i observed j 



ti - in i tinning up hill. 

 to any given pofnt, all 



lo^tieribun the place 



frost; sandy and gravelly land 

 way, depends upon ibe coove 





races of digging, 

 ;nse »f materials, and the magnitude of the 

 to be served. Expensive 

 ot bejastiGod t« give water to a I 



pp'y. 1 know of many 



Quid i 



I the i 



)r the yard, and yet from men 

 v England and New York, then 



through ihc house 



brought by coidi; a ni ;i f 0( . ,,_ Where spi mgs 

 streams do not appear, resolute diguing into sui 

 of the neighboring hnlB will develop them. 



Free access to water shou'd heconsii'ered an i 

 dispensable condition in raising siock. Occasion 



lonnl supplies of V 

 rinks 



r don 



e diy— 



tly and prmligo.m^ly 



So with catile— let them 

 the lar^e-l liheity" in this respect, aud 

 they will not abau It, I was pleased to notice ex- 

 isive water arrangements made by Cspt. Root, 

 York, Liv. Co. He used b.imcood logs, con- 

 :ted by non sockets, and his logs extend more 

 in a mile, tie aaj * bass wood logs have been in 

 I in that town more (hob forty years, and are 

 id yet. They absorb hater freely, and are thus 

 preserved, He spins them into convenient size. 

 I hope he will fnrm-ii the tii'ii.iL with the expense 

 id of his coodiH'tui", ic, by wny of encour- 

 agement to others. a. t. n. 



INaUIRlES AND NOTES. 



'AUfima Lwbtxiko Koi. s .-4ner having mode ro- 



""' IL rt " "' •">' ""■'■<". wittiout ie.:el«lim any 



d to ben non-Tsonductor, ntul wnl nut do In apply to 

 ■Joints where pans come in cnuie, ; fhr m iliai ease 



Hlii be BMeptoble to iiuu.y others of jour Western 



rods may be pointed with a paint of 



entbon, is a conducior of elect i ieity. Of course 

 Hie while pnintauf the rod need no painting, The 

 should be too close for the paint to separate 

 ; ludced the joints should be connected by 



■ -opp.iM.-d that the jarring by the 

 thunder, when ibe temperature is high, was the 

 in tbut electricity passing along 

 ' 'I cause a cbuuge in 



e [ia--a-e 



through 



k so that the curd collects 

 some hai'e supposed that 

 :nciiy in u thunder storm, 

 uses the milk to thicken. Others have said 

 i change will take p'acc in mlk in a metal- 

 sooner than in a glass Teasel, which is a 

 inductOR By inch tins is held to be pi oof 

 electricity does the work. Let 



W, W. C 



love, and give them to the Rut 

 Who kuows that the tiring of caono 

 body to rise lo the surface 



Till , 



In, I W W 0* 

 The body 



If I 



been undei 



.' the g^cs 



.... begun lo 



, 1 ■..! ■ the ■ Iton may cuua 



I. and expand the body so as lo he 

 iter. When the body riaei ol iteell 

 Kpatulon being pmduced. Consult 

 ol 1837. 



.., ,, -TVnydo Kuta Bagai 



tola subject we have wveral Inquiries, and 



i ,, iboul ilietirst of July 



t in fl»*er, und rioted lhal all hUcropwos 



I i ,.r, Tlie turnip belongs 



mbraciog the cabbage and 



i iuch improved by cul- 



>ti, but under unfavorable circumstances, 



i ltd condition. Under 



j forms a bulb, 



HHiLS - P-A/rrcTsTr COULTER OLBARBB. 



The above ecgrm lug i.i de.-igtied to iipre-enl u 

 new invention patented by Mr E. C. Bills, Jr., of 

 Perry, Wyoming Co., N. Y. We have not seen it 



The : 





rehal every far 



i Coulter Clearer 

 :ds to plow under 

 ne, which every 

 in pie, cheap and 



stubble 



It can readily be attached to any coulter 

 trifling expeuse. This Clem ei 

 is so constructed that it is put in motion by the 

 grass or straw rising against it, and thereby re- 

 moves all such obstructions as clog an ordinary 

 coulter. This improvement upon the Coulter pre- 



vents clover, filubble, manure, Ac, from gathering 

 in bunches in front of the same, and thereby en- 

 ables the plowman to turn all such stuff under as 

 evenly as it was ou the grouud before plowing; It 

 of course avoids the vexation which often occurs 

 from having to stop and clear the Coulter, and the 

 expense of un extra bund to push away the stuff, 

 as is always the case in plowing under such ma- 

 terial as above mentioned; and thereby it is a 

 saving of much time and labor, and does the work 

 in a systematic manner. At the New Yoik Stale 



ri.ir t, 



i --, ; 



. Clei 



uded t 





too early on a wnrm soil it fotms only a small bulb, 

 and goes on to its second stage the first season, 

 forming flowers and seeds. The specimen brought 

 us in flower the first of July, was evidently sown 

 much too early. Could we bo sure of showers in 

 Jolv siillieient to germinate the ^eed and secure the 

 rapid growth of ibe young plants, on a warm soil 

 it would be beller not to sow until quite late in 

 June. On a cool, clay soil, earlier sowing would 

 bo advisable. Any one can force the turnip to 

 form seed the first year, in several ways, but ibe 

 most successful would be the following :— Sow the 

 seed early and thick in a poor soil, allow all the 

 plants to grow without thinning or cultivation, and 

 almost every plant will go to seed during the warm 

 weather. The turnip makes its greatest growth, 

 particularly of bulb, during our cool fall ruins, and 

 if the plants are healthy, though small at the first 

 of October, a good crop is pretty certain. Seed 

 raised from plants that matured the Brat year 

 should not be sown, ns the bad habit would be 

 perpetuated, mi doubt. Still, we do not think that 

 any great quantity of per,] sold in the stores is ob- 

 tained in this way. It is mostly imported from 

 Europe, where the cool, moist weather is favorable 

 lo the proper development of the turnip, nod 

 where growing of seed is an important business, 

 conducted with energy and skill. 



ike tnfor 



i tl,. , 



sight: 



tlHU*, t'ruxe. Co., fa., 1SC9. 

 •a! modes for performing this 

 . B.,with any others desiring 

 y adopt whutever seemeth good 



In France sheep are marked with figures in India 

 ink on the underside of the ear, by which number 

 they are registered. The process is a very simple 

 one, easily and rapidly performed. The operator 

 has a set of numbers, three of each, the face of 

 which arc small points which will i 

 punctures in the skin, when pressed upon it. Sup- 

 pose the sheep to be moiked is No. 721, he sets 

 these figures in a pair of pincers, and then rubs a 

 little prepared ink, vermillioo, or indigo, on the 

 smooth skin of tbe ear, gives it a pinch, rubs it a 

 moment with the finger, and 721 is fixed forever 

 upon that spot. Thus changing figures, with a 

 simple little machine, a sheep can be marked any 

 number from 1 to 9<J9,8$8,000. 



L. A. MonitcLL, in the.!/ 

 ing of the uncouth and ludicrous manner iu which 

 sheep are often marked, says that this can be obvi- 

 ated by having tbe letter cut in pasteboard, and 

 thereby some degree of taste and uniformity will 

 result. If a letter is not Indurpensoble, it will he 

 better to have an iron formed to repn 

 tnai^'e, or diamond, with a handle attached; then 



dipthcin.nintbepiiii.t.wli.el Id be deported 



in a shallow vessel, and immediately apply it to the 

 wethers on the right shoo 



„„1 the buck. »» the ™ 



mp. Tbig is 



„ „,,,„< m.r bj do n 



at adopt il,c 



Sod, mute of owners 





lloek arc breacby uod disposed to stray. The ma- 

 terials for marking should be lampblack and lin- 

 seed oil, or, as a sub -lii .1 '..■'■. ■' .,■■,■,.! I.,, 

 Let (he lampblack be "killed," as painters term 

 it, by using a very little of spirits of turpentine, 

 before the oil is mixed. It will not rub off so 

 easily if allowed l<> stimi twenty -four hours before 

 applied. It is: common to use tar; but this is 

 objtclionahle with the manufacturer, it being ditli- 

 cult to separate by tbe cleansing process. 



Ranhall gives preference to boiled tar — the 

 boiling continued until it assumes a glu.-ed, hard 

 consistency, wheu cold, and a brilliant black color 

 is given by stirring in a litile lampblack when 

 boiliug. It is applied when jual cold enough not 

 to burn the sheep's hide, and it forms a bright, 

 conspicuous mark the year round. Boil it in a 

 high-sided iron vessel [to prevent it from taking 

 fire) on a small furnace or chafing-dish near where 

 it is to be used. When cool enough, forty or fifty 

 sheep can be marked before it goto too stiff. It is 

 then warmed from time to time, us necessary, on 

 the chafing-dish. The rump is a betier place to 

 mark than the side. The rnaik is about as con - 

 BpicuOUS on the former, under any circumstances, 

 and it is more so when the sheep are huddled in a 

 pen, or when tbey are running away from you. 

 And should any wool bo injured by tbe mark, that 

 on the tump is lens valuable than that on tbe side. 



Will notour sheep-breedcra respond lo the in- 

 quiry of S. S. II., giving their mode, materials 



FARMERS' BOYS. 



of the year involving tl 



gron oil- eron 



le each partic- 

 sof our brains 





upon us. The preparation < 

 of tbe seed, the cultivation 

 and the joyful ingathering o 



other in rapid succession ; a 

 ular pari of the process i.silct 

 wo are to bestow on it the be 



Iu the excitement and ml 

 nrullv attend the hopeful and busy prosecution of 

 our callings at il.ii-tu.on, there exists a few con- 

 siderations of great importance which we .n,- apt 

 to overlook, because apparently not directly bcar- 

 ji, L . upon the objects of immediate pursuit. 

 Oue of tl"-" 1 -' js involved in the following propo- 

 parents are naturally desirous of 

 seeing their sods grow to habits of steady indu itry, 

 frugality and thrift, This nearly all 



■ those agrioulturiste who pi 

 eminently these characten-t . tl , ,, , 



. anxious to imbue tl,. .. 

 a thorough lore of their own 



How shall we accomplish thi* object ' I prO| 0* 

 w suggestions in answer to 

 The question is not how .1 



ligent, virtuous, useful men, bul ban (hall »e 

 make them irilere-ted in I 

 •• 



lion of ..il the ■ 



and physical ,' 



