£^3£S£ 



ttE'8 HU&AL NEW-YORKER. 



■..to death. The corn, from tbc first 



gm g 1 jN-Ntuiw of excellence, *od iu position, 



d the highway, and from the porch of 



in tin- iuv of culti 1 





.., ie.d in cfl 

 I ban been through i 



icy had told others, that 

 this your. Accordingly 

 ilh a light three- toothed 



hare hoed it twice; the fir-l hoeing a thorough 

 .i,il wus little more than leveling and 

 •djimtiiig the clean, mellow noii around the lull.— 

 \lirini. ruge of my ride, for miles euch way, I 

 |, a ,r nnt ^een field com half as large. While 

 holding the cultivator in this com field I occa- 



>i Qj queried, "Con Com bo Cultivated too 



Muchy" I think it can. Amntenrgardenenisome- 

 . times apoil their land with manure, and amateur 

 farmers may cultivate too much, bnt I confess I 

 never hove seen it done. There is one greatbenefit 

 derived from frequent and early cultivation, of 

 winch I have not read,— thai If, «he decomposition 

 of the sward is very much hastened, and is accom- 

 plished in time for the wants or the crop. This I 

 think is i. verv important item. As long as any 

 rip or tear is perceptible by contact of the cultiva- 

 te] Witt Mi. sword, I think we may safely continue 



While engaged in the cultivation of tbia field of 

 com, following a well-trained, and very docile 

 mare, "fat and sleek as n mole" — inhaling the pure 

 breeze aa it came laden with the perfume of clover 

 pastures — looking from the eminence on which I 

 stood upon river and road and adjoining fields, 

 where were neighbors similarly engaged— with a 

 deep well of pure cold water conveniently by- 

 tbe fncea of loved ones ever and anon in si* 

 the house porches— with an occasional spontai 

 outburst of encomium from a passer by, as w 

 from these aforesaid loved ones, who could pei 

 that the corn had grown between morn and night — 

 I thought of the din of war, of the strife and dust of 

 Commercial life, of the dependence of ill-requited 

 Drofeaaional labor, and I said there may be happi- 

 ness in the fanner's life, easily attained, deeply felt 

 I began tbia article with a question, which I huvi 

 attempted to answer; I wish to end it by asking 

 another. Eloquent casuists have declared that i 

 little pride is not only ndmissable, but is a positiv, 

 benefit. It is well for me if this be true— for I con 

 fess I have been conscious of a very littlt prid. 

 about this com. The difficulty is, I cannot fin< 

 any scripture recognition of pride as a virtue 

 Now, Friend Moons, when Uphai. readers are puz 

 zled they apply to the Rural for help; will the 

 editors tall us farmers whether wo may feel just 

 . . >d of a good crop r p. n. 



RKitArtks— It is our private opinion, somewbi 

 publicly expressed, that such moderate pride a 

 nui ..-.leriiR'd corn.'*!" '"dent o idently po>-e*M.':-. , 

 allowable under the circumstances. Though pride 

 in the abstract may not be recognized as a virtt 

 ripture, we believe such as springs from 



, of the 



duty to bis 



.LIU Imd I, 



i Of ( 



and 







pensablc products as corn, wheat, etc.,— is just and 

 proper, aud may bo indulged in with impunity. 

 And, moreover, we believe an editor is justifiable 

 for feeling a moderate degree of pride in haviug 

 such careful and successful cultivators as P. U. 

 oraeng his correspondents! — En. 



CEMENT EOOFS - CABBONIZED BBICK, fte 

 Fiiiknd Moouk —Your paper of July £d is before 



Sixty-five years h 



ve 



passed 



over me 



and oblite 



rated all ambition 





appear 





cr for puhli 



cation, but as P 



I 









throngh your pap 



r, 



I am c 



!n|. ..-lh d 



to resort to 



the same channel 



il 



commur 



icatton, 



dying upon 



r friendship t 





rith Ik 



P. II. 'a four difficulties I h; 

 queutly, and I answer that I think the Grstct 

 would be about the same as a good roof of otli 

 materials. Cement of any earthy material will 

 absorb moisture, will swell and contract by heat 

 and cold — so will the substance to which it if 

 cm fined, and if they all return to their normal con 

 dition, no rupture is effected. Does the mortal 

 expaud so as to throw off? But sup- 



listening ingre- 



posc if any difficulty of 

 lute prepared in which o 

 dieut, I think the difficulty would be 

 yet I am aware that a roof would be a severe test, 

 and although I fully believe that it will stand it 

 pnnca.tb.ed, it is problematical; but between the 

 joinls of vertical walls I think the question is an- 

 swered by looking at any brick structure. If this 

 answer is satisfactory, then we can place upon the 

 inside Or outaide wall an incombustible article that 

 would be indestructible and impenetrable to atmos- 

 pheric influences, for you underMund the brick nre 

 to bo burned to the consistency of glass. Aa P. 

 fj.'a inquiries extend only to roofing, it may be 

 superfluous to addjiuiy thing except on that subject ; 

 but as the subject is broached, I am tempted to wade 

 in and open another and wider held. For years I 

 have been satisfied Hint ,-l.n .■/ should occupy a more 

 important position than I have known assigned 

 to it. Before Josips Wedgewoor, Esq., mode the 

 advancement in the ceramic art, clay administered 

 little to the necessities of the human family, but 

 H&M that epoch it b»s formed an indispensable 

 neatttity and luxury— but its shape or form has 

 been confined to spherical shaped articles, or to a 

 ^™ tQd "tended surface, like a brick ,.r tile, ond 

 «■> ■■ j.! > .-^' V0n ' a ' tuat ' n a ^ at - extended eur- 

 progresses, the edges cannot be 

 centre by any adhesive quality 

 »••■>, and therefore cracks occur as 

 manufactured Sfcl. JS^ °" d rendCT8 the 



IhaTeaarxnountwl L t? eM - ™ s ^"Ity 

 1 have mnnouBted, for I i, t/ „ B ,, , ' 



», rfect level surface any gi Ttn n , * ^ 



1 Win,- 



process of burning is simply , lpul , , 



ronglj 



brought ii 



■■'■■" ipl:.-lied il,. 



i ekillful manipulator— or elso 



formed. The next question is cui boner— i. 



walk is desired and you can bare brick bnrnldi 



iiialeuer of glass, 2, V% or S 

 Perfect edges, 13 by 24 inches, and laid u 

 niUlile foundation, would not the pedcatnai 



accommodated with a level footing*— wonld it not 

 be vastly less expensive?— would it not be more 

 pleasant to the eyea with an exact curb-stone ? If 

 Rochester streets were to berc-paved, audyou were 

 to substitute for the bumping, rumbling cobble- 

 stone, a brick carbonized block IS inches long, 

 4 by 4, and set on a lirm foundation Bndwi»-^&e 

 next generation would use them and thank tho past 

 — for a good carbonized brick is harder (ban the 

 hardest stone. If Buffalo or New York needed a 

 wharf that would prevent the ingress and egress of 

 water and rats, and would lasl aa long os tho waters 

 lavotbcahores, then build them of 5 by 4 carbonized 

 brick scantling, 3, 4, 6 or 6 feet long. If a bridge 

 is to span the Niagara, build the piers aud abut- 

 ments of this article on a good foundation, and you 

 are safe,— if the Erie Canal is to be lined, use 2, %% 

 or3ioeh thick tile, 18 by 24 inches, and put on your 

 steamboats,— if an arch is to be formed, get your 

 curve and mould your brick to suit, and you may 

 defy time or pressure, —if your fire proof building 

 is to have a suitable floor, use this article, smooth, 

 and with variegated surface, (if desired.) and it is 

 all right. Your tomb-stone, with raised or de- 

 pressed letters,— your horse's watering-trough 

 could be made from the same material, and I am 

 mistaken il the track for the wheels of carriages 

 could not be readily, cheaply and durably made, if 

 this article might be employed, that would give 



that the railroad could be built at half its present 

 cost, more durable and vastly quicker,— the fence 

 post, I know, can be made from this article. 



Indeed, time would fail me to enumerate the 

 uses to which clay and sand, manufactured as 

 above, might be nppliod, if they can be burned 

 good. Can this be done! It would require a fur- 

 nace of 14 or 10 inch thick walls, of a height to suit 

 the article to he burned, and they ( the articles) be 

 set in the longest way vertical, and then burn with 

 a heat that is equally disseminated, and increased 

 to the desired temperature. P. II. says that it has 

 not been tested, — true, and my age and situation 

 (away from any grinder) forbid my doing it ; neither 

 have I built a fire for to-morrow, but I hove the 

 fuel and the meana of kindling— so I have tho dried 

 clay aud sand, but I have no furnace, but I have 

 before me the large platter and the carboni 

 brick, and I am firmly in the belief that what 

 been done, can be dene. Wm. Lyva: 



Moscow, N.Y., July, 1SS9. 



CBXTUBE OF POTATOES- HOEESO. 



I« a late Rrn.u. I notice a caution against hoe- 

 ing potatoes when the vines are wet with rain or 



of potatoes, in which oue wai hoed three times in 

 wet weather, while the other was hoed but once, 

 in the middle of the day,— tbe latter giving a large 

 crop, while the former blighted early and yielded 

 few and inferior potatoes. The treatment of both 

 patches was otherwise the same. It is well known, 

 or should be, that beans hoed when wet with dew 

 or rain, will blight wherever the soil touches the 

 wet vines, and the same may be true ia regard to 

 potatoes, for aught I know. Bat in this cose the 

 extra hoeing may have injured the vines if done in 

 any state of the weather, especially if much dirt 

 was plied about the roots at the last hoeing. Ex- 

 perience aud observation teach that potatoes 

 should be hilled but ouce, and not at all after the 

 young potatoes have begun to "set." If much 

 earth is piled over them then it destroys or greatly 

 injures the tubers, and ia many cases now oues 

 must be formed above the first set. Potatoes, if 

 hoed twice, must be hoed before the setting of 

 youug tubers, though it might bo even still better 

 to make a good large, brond, (not conical,) hill 

 first, and let all after cultivation, if any, consist 

 merely removing weeds from near the plants, wit 

 out any further attempt at hilling. Let us have 

 the experience of others on .this subject. 



ftnrnl Spirit of tlje jprcso. 



BMM.tls.lSSa.Wfe] 



ror-i 



e-,. t La^a 



CfeDBIl this quaint caption tbe, editor of the 

 remarks:— "We are asked every day 

 or two what manure will do on certain lands de- 

 scribed as holding water a good while, or where it 

 is "tolerably dry comes first of June of a good 

 season. ' or where course grass and brakes will 



two, mid where you ea 



't get hal. a crop of any- 



Jrtqutries cnii) dnsiucrs. 



SEEDHTO TO GRASS. -CHOPS, Ac, IN IOWA. 



Ens. of Roiial :— Your correspondent of July 

 9th, complains of being used up in the grass seed 

 line, but gives a clue to the cause of his fuilure, 

 i. e , he aowed in March, April nnd September, 

 neither of which is the proper lime to sow, al- 

 though, under favorable circumstances, grass seed 

 will ealcb sown almost any time in the vear, bnt 

 nevertheless there is a time to sow. Timothy and 

 red top are perennial plants, and the proper tii 

 to sow in any climate, is when the seed becon 

 bo ripe that it falls to the earth of its own acco: 

 This time of course will vary in different climat 

 But occurs in this latitude from the 20th of July 

 to the loth of August. Turnips may be 

 with tho timothy ; the ground should betbor 

 ly prepared, and you may reasonably exj 

 good crop of turnips in tbo fall and a good crop 

 of hay the next summer. The practice of sowi 

 timothy in the spring or fall with grain crops, 

 the expressive language of the day, won't pay. 



While talking about grasses, I would say that 

 the crop of grass is splendid in Iowa. Wheat nnd 

 oata are not worth bragging about. Perhaps 

 there is some more than half a crop ; but the core 

 crop is emphatically the crop of Iowa, and tin; 

 promises an abundant yield— in fact, I have nol 

 seen as good a prospect for corn but once in nint 

 years. The drooping spirits of tbe farmers oi 

 this country begin to revive. They appear tc 

 breathe freer, and look cheerful. The season bat 

 been rather wet, and fears were entertained lest 

 we should have another failure, but now the pros- 

 pect is that we will have enough and to spare. 

 We have been exempt from the late frosts thai 

 visited the States further cast. The financial 

 crisis, and two successive crop failures, with the 

 Pike's Peak emigration, have well nigh ruined the 

 business of this country, but we are st.ll looking 



forward 1 



i coming." This i 



destined to be a great farming country, although 

 may take a long lime to develop its resources. 

 ie soil is unsurpassed in richness, but timber is 

 iree for building and fencing, and iu many in- 

 dices ia hauled from ten to fifteen miles. You 

 denizens of the forest would think it a hard case 

 i in the morning, the thermometer 20' below 

 and harness your team and drive fifteen 

 miles and back (over an open plain, with the wind 

 " Hy howling around you,) to get u load of wood. 

 it timber may bo raised on the prairie. Cotton 

 wood seems to be best adapted to the soil, is of 

 quick growth, and tike the willow, mav be propa- 

 gated from cuttings; a small twig stuck in tin 

 earth without roots, will grow in fifteen years to 

 large tree that will make a cord of wood. I 

 ink by Betting them eight or teu feet apart, they 

 )uld make good posts for a wire fence. The 

 ire could be put through the trees when about 

 four years old ; it will then be near four inches in 

 ■ter; the wood grows firmly around the wire 

 lakes a substantial fence, and ia very cheap 

 and durable. I tried some on a small scale two 

 ago, and the wire is perfectly tight and the 

 growing finely. The trees would have to be 

 trimmed to keep them from getting too shady, and 

 ■immings would make a large amount of fuel. 



A. Yaxcbt. 

 Pleasant, Henry Co., Iowa, J ul , i&, 1SM . 



■ The ,\, „■!,', 



How to Onow Lauob Potatoes 

 BrilUh Agriculturist saya: — "To 



of potatoes, whether planted with small or 

 large, whole, or even cut potatoes, when the plants 

 only a few inches high, lei the shoots be re- 

 duced by pulling tbem up to one or two, or at most 

 tioogest. The tubers will, conse- 

 quently, be fewer and very Orach larger, also, in 

 isuro nearly all fit for market and the table. 

 iry grower will do well to try a few rows Ly 

 way of experiment, if ho disbelieves the truth of 

 this statement" 



Da.-n-islMoret, Zyons, Wayne Co., If. T. 



Edward Oxion, of Dedham, Mass., we think c 

 give you the information you desire. 



ch a complicated i 



edy for wludgatls 



thing L"uder the direction of Iloussingault, the 

 Royal and Central Agricultural Society of France 

 addressed a circular to agriculturists, inquiring 

 into tbo use of gypsum. One of the questions 

 related to its use ou wet meadows, and the univer- 

 sal response was that it had no beneficial action. 

 Stable and yard manure is as good as thrown 

 away. If the land dries as early as the first part 

 of June, a dressing of horse and cow manure, 

 rather heating, applied late in May, will help 

 warm up the land and make a crop of corn, but 

 that will be the end of it. Ashes applied in spring, 

 also, arc of temporary benefit. Guano or super- 

 phosphate must bo applied in tbe hill or ou the 

 surface with a knowledge that an unusually wet 

 season will thoroughly neutralize their effects. 

 Tax the brain a little— devise a plan for thorough- 

 ly draining the land, and then your manure will 

 tell its story year after year, and tbe probability 

 is that such land will become tbe richest and n 



PrtOFESson BdCbOUM, of England, has recentl; 

 made some careful invc-li^ntions lis to the amoun 

 of weeds contained in seeds sold as clean, and w 

 will state a few of the results obtained, as they can 

 not fail, we think, to interest our readers : — Th. 

 Professor round "in a pint of clover seed, T,00u 

 weed seeds; in a pint of grass seed, 

 broad clover, 30,440 ; and in two pints of Dutch 

 clover, severally, 25,5'iO aud 70,40 

 Supposing these samples to be sc 

 seeds en. nigh to slock tbe laud fi 

 The farmer often goe3 to the cheupc 

 gets weeds for com, and so pays dear for what he 

 considers a cheap bargain." 



If this be true in relation to Euglish farming, 

 how much more so must it be in America, where it 

 is well known much lesspainsare token in prepar- 

 ing: gr;nn hT market, ns well as in the selection ol 

 the seed and the general cultivation of the soil. In 

 purchasing seed ltuiii, turnip seed, grasses, etc., 

 farmers often disploy a want of judgment and 

 ordinary prudence by selecting sueh articles as are 

 cheap, or, rather lower-priced, for that ia not really 

 cheap that is not genuine ; and we can conceive no 

 greater pest in an agricultural neighborly. id Hmii 

 a "cheap seed store," in the but too common 

 acceptation of the term. 



The fecundity of some weeds is truly astonishing. 

 Professor Iluckman bas counted over 8,000 seeds 

 " iglc plant of black mustard, and in a speci- 





u seeds. The c 





Centre, Fulton Co., h 

 Fnosi the descript 

 the animals doing 

 would soy your con 

 one of tbe most aerie 

 tie. In this disease 

 gets thin on various 



scurfiness appears, 

 and in patches on ot 



Thee 



lollyd 



:tnu.L.— Geo. Clabk, Jr., Peril 



: r.,is59. 



iou — with a single exception 

 so well, although diseased— 

 s were troubled with Mange, 

 .us affections of the skin in cat- 

 the bair comes off entirely, oi 

 parts of the body. There are 

 but either ia consequence of 

 l effect of (bo disease, a thick 

 particularly along the back, 

 places. It is usually first 

 thence it spreads in every 





opposite as it is possible for tbem to be. 

 Too luxuriant food will produce it; it will more 

 taiuly follow starvation. Want of cleanliness, 

 although highly censurable, has been ofteuer ac- 

 cused as tbe cause of mauge than it deserves ; but 

 . nothing can it more frequently be traced than to 



The treatment is simple and effectual. The dia- 

 moved to some distant 

 there can be no possible corn- 

 others. The disease, however 

 produced, must be considered and 



Thes 



> of ll 



t first be 



got off, by means of a hard brush, or a curry-comb, 



somewhat lightly applied. To this must follow the 



application of an ointment which appears to have 



specific effect on tho mange, and which must be 



well rubbed in with a soft brush, or, what is far 



better, with the hand, night and morning. The 



ltmcnt must have sulphur ns its basis, aided by 



rpentiue, winch somewhat irritates the skin, and 



jpnsos it to be acted upon by the sulphur; and, 



render it still more efficacious, a small portion 



mercury must be added. The following will be 



>afe nnd effectual application— there are fow cases 



which will resist its power. Take of lJowera of sul- 



pound, common turpentine four ounces, 



strong mercurial ointment two ounces, and linseed 



oil a pint. Warm the oil and melt the turpentine 



they begin to get cool, add the sul- 



tho ingredients well togetht 



V. V. Pierce, Veterinary Surgeon, Ravenna, 

 Ohio, writes thus to the Ohio Cultivator .—Many 

 horses, both young aud old, ore much spoiled by 

 shoers. Horses sometimes stand quiet and easy, 

 or times they refuse to stand still while one 

 s up — they struggle until it is released, and 

 frequently the shoer beats, speaks sharply, swears, 

 and frightens the horse, so that he must be held 

 by force or abandoned. Another takes the tools 

 nd sets Ins shoes without any trouble. Now for 

 few of the reasons; 



Under certain circumstances the muscles cramp, 

 causing severe pain. Almost at anytime a horse's 

 hind leg may be raised so high, or in such a posi- 

 tion, as to cause severe cramping, not to be en- 

 dured. When a horse has bad all the muscles 

 relaxed by exercise, and stands and cools quick, 

 an unusual position will most certainly produce 

 cramping, nnd at the siiuie time makes him irrita- 

 ble. A horse that has Btood for some time in the 

 cold, uneasy, and suffering with anxiety to get 

 home, is in a bad couditiou to stand the bangs, 

 and often painful position of shoeing, and 

 often fretted to that degree that he never gets 

 it— too often forced to stand" and endure the 

 of severe cramping, pricking, etc., until he 

 never forget it, and often refuses to enter the shop 



I li.rniil speculator*. Tho 



it Fair of the Illinois State Ag. Society, t 



—hut to our inn S-UUe. and t-cp,-, kiIIj <> 



yield. A single farmer In Denmark, I 



(.Judge Blooisett,) bat made, this last sei 

 of as nice maple sugar as was ever proi 



ing the 



Some liorie- shoers have a habit of 

 foot and leg so high that no common 

 stand it, and thus he will shoe horses half his life- 

 time before he knows that the fault is in himself. 

 The awkwardness and ill temper of some shoers 

 is sufficient reason to withdraw your patronage, 

 although they may do their work well. The dam- 

 age done by forcing the horse to stand in pain, 

 and the injury to his disposition, is infinitely more 

 injury than to go ten miles, aud spend a day and 

 pay double price to ono who has some sympathy, 

 and shoes him without pain. One who exercises 

 some reason, and judgment, and patience, and 



has little or no trouble, nnd does no damage. 



I once knew a horse that, if he was minus a 

 shoe, would go by himself to a particular smithy, 

 and there stand until the shoe was set. I once 

 owned a horse that wos shod three or four years 

 without any trouble— at last he was sent to a shop 

 bo shod, the shoor being a little intoxiowbd, 

 frightened him, beat aud abused him in such a 

 nanner, that he ever after feared to approach a 

 ilacksmith shop, and if forced to enter one, would 

 remble with fear. I think I shall bo justified in 

 laying that one-half of tho horso-shoers are in- 

 competent to the tnsk. saying nothing about their 

 workmanship of setting shoes. I hftTt DO 3 lob] 

 he cause of splints, 

 i kicking, cringiDg, 



r of a good horse, 

 nless \ ou ap' «..i) 

 • shoer, and know him 



p.HUrgit 



■■ l.i' 1 . hod, linlojS l :■,! n 



I 



phur, and s 



afterwards incorporate the blu'eo 

 by rubbing them togetb© 



ut with, the 



. . id ild -tempered, and humaue. 



,,i |. .ii .:ii,. L "' In, lii all en ..u ..,-,!, urai-- 

 ou sustain a loss. Nchi i.nbiuit i,. 



'■. ^h ■■■<- . Iiiiiiictei ,,i mi, ||,..,. t i 



hat of your horse. If vou do, yon 

 i lamed, ubuned and spoiled. 



r OT » 3ffV T 



^&& 



