MOOHE'S RttRAL NEW-YORKER. 



AUG. 6. 



an Kogltah eenlsDce bo per 

 iU ,( pUia as tlio one selected " I sup- 

 pose I ebail bate to plead guilty lo a doll apple 

 brnstoa. Ibamtried my beat to comprehend box 

 perfectly w«ro" of this, proves it- 

 i the mature beu in winter,!* anything 

 eUetkan h<m>y. I have never discovered any evi- 

 dence of ii, and I bavo not tbe lcu?i idea that Mr. 

 K can bring any proof of it, further than mere 

 opinion, und that, I tihal) obj«Cl to. 



Ah regiiidn traDBgreUlDS (lie lows ofOon it is 

 i . nay any thing further on that point. 

 It is a question a».de from the res! one »1 issue, 

 and be-iden it would be ongeuerous to do so, as be 

 kiiyh he is "by no moan* a stickler fur having 

 Tint it tali*- 

 factory. 



ReipMUOg the entrance of the hive being de- 

 signed to be at tbo bottom, Mr. K. soy* :— " The 

 evidoncc will be found in tbe severs of the great 

 majority of beekeepers, when asked their opinion 

 on tbe subject, as well as in their practice in using 

 hive* of this construction." Suppose all these 



their father-*— does il prove anything further than 

 r* of tbem designed tbe entrance at 

 the bottom? All tbe numerous experiments of 

 Mr. K. that prove this " very point, tbat have been 

 witnessed by honorable*, divines, doctor*, lawyers, 

 and magistrals, who arc ready to bear testimony 

 to the result," prove only the facts. These men 

 being doctors, lawyers, Ac. does not qualify them, 

 on that account, to judge in regard to a bee hive, 

 lam perfectly willing to admit tho result of his 

 experiment.", as far as tbe work of tho bees is con- 

 cerned. But 1 deny tbat there is ground for any 

 such conclusion. It being "proof positive" to 

 Mr K .only showsthat some folks are very easily 

 satisfied! This strong proof that the entrance 



" When openings bavo been made in tbe hive at 

 different he'ghra from tbe bottom, and covered 

 with wire screen, the bees have invariably closed 

 them up with bec-gtue, even going to tbe chamber, 

 Ac. I therefore regard tbe evidence as complete, 

 that God designed the entrance should be at tho 

 bottom." Yes, and the same kind of tridtnee 

 proveB just m strong that the entraoce was de- 

 signed at the lop! Just make a bolo through the 

 bottom-board, nod cover it with wire aoreen ; then 

 let tbe hive down close, and soon after tbo hive is 

 filled it will bo glued to the bottom, and tbo wire 

 screen covered completely air tigbt! I wonder 

 that Mr. K.'s <jt-tnsivc ..rpcrknee did not discover 

 thia, and save himself from a ridiculous position. 



'Stily t. 





fact, that whenever bis hive bottom bas rested on 

 tbe bottom board, and was full through tbe season 

 of collecting propolis, that it was invariably glued 

 fast. Il requires but little observation to show 

 that nil inequalities of tbo hive — corners, cracks 

 too small for a passage, (.whether top or bollom,)— 

 gravel stone, block 

 I have tbo edges of 

 his shell fastened to tho board! I have not in- 

 tended to say that tho bottom of tho hive was not 

 » proper place for the entrance. What I objected 

 lo, was the proof of Mr. K. that God designed it 



In regard to tbe direction that a bee would take 

 on passing tho entraoce into tho hive when that 

 is about the middle, he thinks all "intelligent bee- 

 icepers would answer, promptly and decidedly, 

 apwards. Even Mr. Q.. himself, should be be 

 present, would, I am confident, if he answered at 

 upward," Here, 



, Mr. K. 





I hi 



ring 



tclljr , 



thlt, 



ppen 







o bees thei 

 This last spring, in movir 

 apiaries a^vuy from home, 

 of Hie movable frame hives were slipped off far 

 enough to allow the bees to pass, and were left so 

 carelessly. Here was an opportunity for (be bees 

 to choose which place they would enter — top or 

 bottom. Those going in at the top must of neces- 

 sity no downward — I think even Mr. K., were he 

 ainlly articulate" they do go 



Thor 



iult has been _ 

 that nineteen in twenty, if not niuoty-nino in a 

 bundled, prefer to enter the top. as il is probably 

 cas.cr to carry a load down than up. They have 

 worked thus through the summer eo far, and are 

 as prosperous as others. To lest this thing a little 

 further since seeing Mr. K.'s article, I have given 

 some new swarms their choice of entrance, which 

 is the same as the old stocks. Do these facts prove 

 anything? I think if Mr. K. had the chance 

 whero the bee, acting from instinct, proved as 

 much for him, ho would be apt to make use of it. 

 I can satisfy any one who chooses to stop and see 

 me at St. Johnsvillc, on the N. Y. Central Rail- 

 road, ihot these things are as slated. 



Relulive to placiug stocks in the house for win- 

 ter bottom up, Mr. K. says bis "future success 

 will probably decide the correctness of his theo- 

 ries on this jioiot." How long would he hk t 





I have done 



doubt if bees can be 

 non hive so successfully any 

 t wjy he recommends, I was 

 g combs completely spoiled 

 ig had this experience, I hope 

 io if I doubt his ever having 

 in the manner described by 



ml, without 



""'™ a ;;r ,J fT b \ ,Tbi1 ' 



uunrca wintered as I reci 

 w ge as my hand on nc 



] sicii'Di'i. i',"i V '""'' 1 ^risc teachers in i 

 i... i > i nut,0UB uow they iumoat 

 hods. Letcloiei m i . , . J *' 



correctness of thei 



uble to dUprovc 



'.""■• Iriur 



WHEAT CULTURE. - MISSOUBI WHEAT. ABOUT PLOWING - AH8WEE TO CRITICISMS. 



the Winter Feeding of Slot 



tbeeubjeoi, (us alluded to below.) « 

 other successlul cultivators iu this 



Ma-EniToai-Yuur favor of tbi 

 received. Io regard to my Miesou 

 sown on or about tbe IBlb ol Btspie 



. (1 do 



and ho publis 



i in full ear on IheSGlh of May, 

 ; but when I viewed it myself, 



of it was. I sowed a little less than 



say from a pint to a quart less. Toi 



30] J bushels by measure and 31 by wei| 



to the bushel. It bas a vejy stiff stra 



quire and will stand high manuring,— i 



with si'ff straw that ever I was acquainted with 



needs rich land and high cu 



crops. The Soule's wbeat n 



tbough I think tho Missouri wheal is stiffur in tbe 



It i 

 what 1 would ba< 



-able spikes < 



ilump.yet it bas a plump kernel and 

 ke extra Hour. I shall try one bu: 

 The BOJ j bushels I will sow, and if I cap 

 nend it next season will sell for seed. Ii 

 icarly u week earlier in ear than the Medi 



; yett 



I .Inn' 



chuff becomes a little hard before the midge 

 ready, aDd then they cannot sting it. I am 

 great hopes it may prove a valuable acquisition 

 country, 



y Soule's wheat is very fine this season, a 

 t give an excellent return. When ihresbt 

 11 probably inform you, The whole field ( 

 s) was very highly manured with cattle a 

 sheep manure, hut tbe Missouri wbeat had rather 



The twojost seasons previous to this oar wbeat 

 rops were lute, and I suffered a good deal from 

 lidge; they were tho only two years I suffered 

 mch from tbat insect, as 1 never bad less than an 

 veiageofiobubhels per acre, (uDd always Soulu's . 1 



Hut 



oyeai 



ing paying crops of wbeat, independent 



of tbe midge, in ordinary stasow, as I never take 



six crops of grain after manuring until I ma- 



again, and often not over four crops between 



rings. Then my manure is rich; I generally 



feed : 



edom 



nearly twenty v 

 high a 





-Lesi 





It is just as rain to think tbat land can continue 

 raise wheat year after year unless it is highly 

 d, as to think you can get full woik out of oxen 

 ■ horses that have nothing but a straw stack to 

 feed upon. I know if it had not been for rich ma- 

 plenty of plaster, lime, and high feeding of 

 cattle and sheep, I could never have paid foi 

 md, built all tbe buildings, underdrained the 

 holo farm, (the wood lot of 26 acres excepted.) I 

 shove that but for this mode of management I 

 ouhl have been obliged to enter the poor-house 

 hen I became unable to labor. 



Jons Johnston. 



AGRICULTURAL SOCIETIES AND PREMIUMS. 



Mr -<[K. EniTnr^ —I am pleased to learn (by the 

 Rural of July 22df) that several Agricultural So- 

 s have manifested their appreciation of the 

 L, by ordering copies of it to distribute 

 g their exhibitors as premiums. And I hope 

 ;her Agricultural Societies will imitate this 

 laudable example. This is just as it should be.— 

 Tho Rural is justly acknowledged to be the best 



ral and Family Paper in America. 



Therefore, it is not only suitable and valuable to 

 r as a premium, but is far better than cash.— 

 efforts to introduce it will add much to the 

 public welfare, and when it is once introduced it 

 ill require no effort to " keep it before tbo peo- 

 ple," for whoever once reads it will not do without 

 I have often thought 

 that tho objects of Agricultural Societies, aud the 

 ntcrcst of their exhibitors and community gene- 

 ally, would be far better promoted by paying iheir 

 iremiums in appropriate Agricultural Rooks aud 

 Journals than in money. Some persons may sug- 

 well subscribe for such pa- 

 pers aud purchase such works themselves, inde- 

 pendent of Agricultural Societies, which is all 

 true ; yet there arc thousands who have but fen if 

 iny sneh works or journals, and will neglect to ob- 

 ;ain them until they do it by the earnest solicita- 

 tion of some other parties. But when these per- 

 sons do perchance obtain aud read tbem, they will 

 nvuriably appreciate and highly prize Ih.-i.i and 

 would not be deprived of them for thrice their 

 cost. And I am confident tbat there are lew 

 Lbfhriei hut what would be improved by the addi- 

 Agricultural work. Give us more 

 RcRALsand othei Agricultural reading, and give 

 — ~1liccrs and managers of Agricultural Societies 

 duly appreciate such works aud journals and 

 exert themselves to introduce them, 

 low mo to suggest to Agricultural and other 

 Societies to procure copies of the best works on 

 Agricultural, Horticultural, Pomology, Horses, 

 'attic, Sheep, Poultry, Ac,, and make out a list o 

 iv sane, aud their prices, iu order tbat members 

 ho are entitled lo premiums may select such as 

 they prefer and give tbeir orders to the amount of 



I |u. ■union-. .,. lil I 11 in 



the Society to purchase such works us were 



■red. EvelT A i^r le.iillu I ..[ >■■■ r -Ii .1 k-ep 



complete LibrJij Ol such works; al,<>, Mud 



Examining Committees on 



lOOkfl and Herd Hocks % 

 Thorough, 





Ens. Rural:— Tt is curious to net© the excep- 

 tiODj Dl your Mohigan and Olens Falls corres- 

 pondents, to my urucle on Plowing. I tboulo aoi 

 bavo been surprised if tho former, being used 

 (probublj) to tho prairies cooMdered figure Ui 

 rather steep ; but bow aoj one 1 



!l., 



r betn in J. U *b ueigbboi 



all their grain upon sleds, and gather their 



orchards, where tbey are all scooped up e 

 A vehicle there on wheels, is sa<d to be i 



that I defy any o 



, tract 



well i 



t, high-spirited *pun of four year old 

 colts among those stumps he speaks of. I main- 

 tain thot, in order to plow well, a good plow, a 

 sharp point, a well-trained team, a skillful plow- 

 man, combined with patience and qood judgment, 

 are all necessary, and neither of them the ill ti- 



ll ich troubles J. H. i 





county in my thoughts, on tbe other. Dader such 



up considerable? I oever plowed a hill quite so 

 steep, but if J. H. wishes to try, I will depart 

 from my usual course, and theorize as suggested, 

 for him I think he might do it by using a high, 

 rangy horse on the lower side, and a sbort-legged 

 Canada pony on the otber, having tho harness so 

 adjusted that Ibo horses could shift sides with 

 expedition and ease. Rigged out in this manner, 

 I have no doubt but be might plow that hill to a 

 obarm. But he need not make that acknowledge- 

 ment be speaks oC I shall bo satisfied if be 

 think-. [ am about middling. I am afraid J. H 

 read my article, us child reu homelimes do books, 

 by looking at the pictures, since figure 1st filled 

 his eye so completely, that he thought of nothing 

 else. Rut enough, gentlemen. As the bills say, 

 this is "positively my last appearance" on the 

 subject of plowing. a. k. *■. 



Cuaibrldge Valley, N. Y-, 1509. 



Rural Spirit of the press, 



nless combined 



ibo New Jersey " /<,-,-,,- 



d I raps, ff&l iXtiailStlDg lln- soil 



orjthiogoughtto be tested tothe 

 dl the lime, gypsum, bone 

 intelligence, cai 



jliove io good fences, good barns, good fan 

 s, good cattle, good orchards, and plenty i 

 en lo gather iho fruit. 



i look I 



ianys 



;ry year 



, fumu: 



who arc bent, by all means, upon growing i 

 clerks and merchants; farmers, finally, who 

 ashamed of their station, and attempt (o <Jru 

 ihislceling in liquor — all these I believe to 



Tub 



"Our Fa, 



irk-irt 



r Acres and the Money We 

 Jo by it." — " In some parts of the country tin 

 ter made by the farmers' wives for Bale is no 

 ibed at all ; tbey say it washes all tbe tost 

 iy. Tbey remove- it from the churn, and takioj 

 i tbe hands, dash it repeatedly on tbo board 



Theb 



made is aiivays strong, and of two colors, 

 tion of the buttermilk remains in it ; and if any of 

 it were put in a cup, and thai pUced in hot wutt 

 for tbe purpose of clarifying, there would, when 

 was melted, bo fuiiud large deposits of butteraul 

 at tbe bottom of tbo cup. Good butter tried ihu: 

 yields scarcely any residuum. Besides, this 'smi 

 ing' is a most disgusting process to wituess. I 

 warm weather it adheres to ibe baods of the ' smi' 

 ter,' who puffs and blows over it as if it wero hur 

 work. Indeed I once heard a strong looking girl, 

 daughter of a small farmer in Kent, say, that she 

 was never well, for 'sr 

 dreadful hard work thi 

 side. After this 'smiting' is over, it is then put 

 on a butter-prinl and pressed with the band till 

 is considered to have received the impression. 

 is then, through a small hole in the handle, blown 



ever eat butter aguia which appears on tbo table 

 with the figures of cows, flowers, Ac, stamp 



t had 



\:„<t 



■!/:■.: 



DRAINING AND SUBSOIL PLOW. 



The implement uhoro represented has been used 

 to some extent iu Cayuga and ottier counties 

 given very general satisfaction so far as w 

 aware. The manufacturers furnish tbe following 

 in regard to its operation and advantages, hi 

 a Ditching and Subsoil Flow : 



"Tho depth may be regulated by raising the 

 movable beam up the stifl", upright cast iron stem, 

 a slot being made in tho beam to meet the change 

 of placo by the circular movement. A similar 

 provision is made for raising or depressing the 

 handles, except the stem is of wood. If this plow 

 were intended for subsoiling only, there need be 

 but one continuous and fixed beam, and tbe handles 

 need not vary in height. When used for ditching, 

 it loosens up the subsoil, aud obviates tbo use 

 of the pick. In many places the subsoil is so hard 

 tbat two-thirds or three-fourths of the whole labor 

 is required to loosen it if done by hand. Hence 

 the great saving by the use of horse labor, This 

 plow is drawn by two horses, attached to the ends 

 of a main whip pic* tree about seven feet long, so 

 that one may walk on each side. From one to 

 three limes passing will loosen up five or six 

 inches of earth, which is then thrown out by hand 

 with narrow shovels, constructed for this purpv.se. 

 The same process is then repeated. The earth be- 

 lirown out on both sides alike, is easily re- 

 turned to tbe ditch after the tile is laid, by means 

 if a common plow, I he hoi's-ca Wing attached to Hit' 

 ong w hippie-tree as before. One pair of horses 

 rill thus fill in about one mile in a day. Drains 

 rbich have cost thirty to thirty-five cents per rod 

 rhen dug wholly by hand, have been completed 

 nth (he assistance of this implement, ready I'e-i the 

 ile, at a cost of ten to twelve cents." [For price 

 ,nd other particulars, see advertisement.! 



EAISLNG TirBKEYS-ONCE MORE. 



n-st'.s. Eds.: — Having noticed the articles in 

 the Rural of July liHh, in regard to raising turkey;*, 



hich the writers did not mention some things 

 which I think might be of use to those who wish to 



the turkeys are hatched, I feed each of tbem one 

 groin of pepper, and put tbem into coops tbat are 

 inged so that I can clean them out DTOI7 day. 

 I then feed tbem on earn meal, and for drink I give 

 sour milk. I have the coops constructed so 

 that the young turkeys arc mostly in the shade 

 tbey are about four weeks old— then I let them 

 the day-time, and shut them nights. This 

 year I have forty turkeys, and have lost but one. I 

 "sr setting the eggs under tbe old turkeys rather 

 hens, because tbey will rumble in tbo holds 

 1 aud give tbe young turkeys an opportunity 

 ■lob bugs, flies and grasshoppers, which are of 

 great benefit lo them. I think one of tho most im- 

 portant things in raising turkeys is to keep them 

 iho sun until they are about four weeks old, 

 avo seen them stand in the hot sun until they 

 would begiu to gap and drop Iheir winga, and 

 mally die. My experience teaches me three things 

 - young turkeys must be kept clean, dry and from 

 the sun. A. D. BBcnmoK. 



Niagara Count*-, V, V , U88 



n furnishes the 

 growth of the 



Wdlow in this country, aud the imporlati 



value as showing the demand existing for its pro- 

 duction :— "The willow used in making willow 

 ware in this country, was formerly imported al 

 most entirely. Al present a large portion, csti 

 mated by some at one-half the quantity consumed 

 is grown in tbo United States, and chiefly, as vn 

 understand, io Pennsylvania, Ohio and Kentucky, 



grows the Welsh willow on four acres of lond, 

 Dear that town, and this is perhaps the ouly plact 

 in tbat State where it is cultivated. The present 

 is tbe second year be has cut bis willow, and from 

 his four acres he obtained six tuns, four of which 

 be sold in St. Louis at $100 a tun. Tbe importa- 

 tion last year of willow, unmanufactured, was 

 valued at 135,1*1, of which 181,193 was from 

 France, and $11,708 from Belgium. '. 

 factures of willow imported the same 

 valued at $112, ~-'<, of whieh jfiJb.'.'Pa was from 

 Bremen, 834.12C from France, $(J,a8t) from 

 burg, and $2,020 from England. Most of both 

 theso imports are received at Now York. The 

 impoits of tbe previous year were larger, via 

 $175,464 of manufactures of willow, and ill 

 unmanufactured ; uud wero, respectively, in about 

 the same proportion from the several countries 

 in the last year." 





, in operation. "Tno 



he plow moved furwaxd in Hie most graceful 



performing Its work wllb ease, and to tho »u- 

 hiiiI perfect laUsAetlon of tho most skeptical. 

 which win made tojleldto iho unlit J setlon 

 glit mold boards, each turning a furrow slice 

 on Inches in width and six laches In depth, 



I presented *o appearance, In viewing II from 



.t,.Kn- 



1 inclined surfaces. 

 a piatrie plowing, 

 I prairie turnrd ni 

 ueven timothy tod 



, 1, mlapti'it 10 uneven »urfn 

 ipiaiy over several gullies, 01 

 1, , |,, «inl.> oiberi wero vi 

 arent <!■ in merit, and also 1 



acrnsi the ground Jutt plow 



■ 





eld p|..a 

 reaping u 



agricujinrol inigccUmtn. <] 





.allj Ii 



oulli and gouttivreit are noriliy „r pnttlcular 

 lay bo correctly adviaed. If u,o midge cor 



rally < 



be deiorcolnod. In deciding I 



ive regard to tho public welfare. 



l (China Tea,) n promiel 





king, after all. My S 



r-YonsEE, il* Editor and I: 



<: huildiui: \s lu go up and be n 



M'iiisi. LUr.Lr.i Sown in the Fait..— 

 uly 4lb, Mr. Jou.v Jounsto.v, of Hess 

 ounty, N. Y., writes :-" It may be uf en 



eh sowing all Ibe groun 



; A<ur_— Counting plants one fo 

 1 shall have 43,560 opon an aor 

 main* that number of snportlcl 



10 feet:::::::: «!■ 

 2u feu:;.'::::: ii*l 





adjui 



nn ir a, no other .nn. Thoroughly piilvorltia 



times going over Ibe ground. It bus been I 

 uio all lh.' Spring In bis vielnlty, and given cnllr 



1. of June -■: 



■rngeuf 61 It's, of wilt 



1. Williams, of Gntin, 



past, an average of 6 



^&£S&^ 



