

MOORE'S RURAL STEW-YORKER. 



327 



'HORTICULTURAL/: 



TBirrr received. 





W« are indent"* to ooiTit 

 Ibp collection* °f choice fruit, received within the 

 wn pMt ""I"- To Gt ORr, E Becs, of Charlotte Id 

 In* coooty, for tbe largi*iit specimens of the Clin- 

 oo that w* erer aur. Mr. B. Bays :— " I wi*h joo 

 ritb an engraving yon gave 



.: [if I 





thiol Uinl uncrating far below Ibese specimens; 

 and if io, please wlcct the beat bunch, if you know 

 of noon better, and give us a fair illustration. I 



i-ao much boasting over 

 everything that i| new in the form of a grape, 

 Prom wbai I have teen lately of tbe Clinton grope, 

 among different cultivators, I am led to suppose 

 tbat I om far io advance of moat of tbem in culti- 

 vating this grnpe, fur which reusoD I pre*cnt you 

 with tbeae." Tbc engraving we gave is ■ fair 

 tfatOlfDton a» commonly grown ; tbe 

 berries sod buncbea of Mr. B.'a are twice tbe size 

 of the plate. 



To CnaitLU Downing, Biq., of Newburgb, for a 

 dozen bunches of tbe Delaware grapes, of good 

 ■Ice end excellent quality. Mr. I) says:— "Those 

 I aend ere about tbe average *i*e — the largest I 

 bnvr wemd fur tbe N. Y. Horticultural Society. 

 Fbert !'■'■■ bean no extra enlUTaUon with the vine, 



and made about a* rich ns jou would n bed for 

 beefl I ■ i it it is very scarce here, and I bnve noth- 

 ing elae worth scuding." 



'J'n J -ir. li .1- iMi, of Dundas, C. W., for one 



variety of apple* and one of pears. Tbe apples 



,,■ re Hi Bleak Dewbfl, sometimes called LSIuck 



Tb« pears were loo far gone to judge of 



namo or quality. 

 To l'r 0. W. GBAFT, for Ibe finest lot of Dela- 



and berries were very large for this variety. 



To Mr. BrioeasBANK, of Hudson, N. V , for superb 

 Rebecca gropes. The Rebecca is the highest 

 Uitvored of oil our new grapes, even excelling tbe 

 Delaware, which ll next io quality. The leaveB, 

 In i iv, vti. und particularly the lower ones, become 

 injured by the bud, most cultivators think, drop 

 off. or remain half dead, thus retarding the growth 

 of the vine. While, therefore, we would not rec- 

 ommend the planting of this variety largely, we 



nnd to plant it in some sheltered locality, as on 

 tbe cast or south side of a building. On a build- 

 ing belonging to Messrs. Ellwaxoer & Barry, n 

 few days since, we saw n vine sheltered in tot* 

 way that has made a fine growth the present 

 seaion, several cones being twelve or fourteen feel 

 long, and the vino in apparent good health. Next 

 season, we doubt not, it will give a good crop. It 

 slims to ua tbe injury to tbe leaf is caused by cold 



To Wm. TOUPXIKB, of Oermantown, N. Y , for 

 Concord, Diana, lirincklc, Isabella and Catawba 

 gropes,— all boe and well ripened. Of the Hrincklc 

 we speak elsewhere, Mr. T. Bays ;— " Tbe Catawba 

 is Ibo only variety (hat bus beeo injured by the 

 rot In 18M I introduced dwarf pears in this 

 place; Bold some uud planted some myself, which 

 bavo done first rule, many of tbetn having made a 

 good growth and produced a heavy crop of pears 

 at tbe -unit- lime. 1 have trees of tbc Louise Hon DO 

 de Jersey that have made rive feet of wood the 

 pmenl ie«MO. Ih.cbesse d' Angouleme, Buffutn, 

 \ leu- ,.i Wuiklield ond Brandywine do equally 

 well. My soil is a sirong loam, well drained, and 

 well adapted to tho Quince." 



To John U. Williams, for apples, called tbc 

 Baird Apple around Deerfield and other places in 

 UntBaohaBOtttj which prored to be tho Unmbo. 



to Iv Down, of North Duron, N. Y., for a bos 

 of large, highly colored opples, which on opening 

 tbc bin, we supposed to be Twenty Once, but 

 irbiefa Mi 1). says is "believed to be a seedling 

 which originated with me. Tbe samples sent are 

 average sue, picked from a single bough, w: 



my po 



Hi.- t 





grower, largeand spreading; bearsregularly every 

 year, and baa been in bearing over twenty years. 

 The fruit ib much admired in Ibis neighborhood, 

 and for some few yeara post scions have been 

 eagerly Bought for. Tbe quality of the fruit you 

 will bo able to test from tho specimens sent. One 

 valuable peculiarity of this variety Ib that thev arc 

 ■ i auliniry purposes about the 20th of 

 id L-ontiDUQ to ripen and fall off until 



moifj ■ * Oi lobar, tbiuanpplylDg n family 



lA* but kind of an apple more than two months. I 

 have had much larger apples than these t 

 Inches, in orcumfereuce, but 

 bciug of the ordinary sire, will furnish a c< 



B, Sliced, they will cook 



grateful aekuowledgi 



awervd the inquiry al 



I am well acquainted 



sod who named ii, brought 



distributed tbc teed— have 



" Equally good f< 

 matured specimens will keep in a good, dry ccllai 

 all winter, and will be found an c*cellent' 8U bsti 

 luu- for sweet potatoes. By cutting the squash ii 

 sections longitudinally, as marked out by Dam. 

 Nature, and a Terr little trimming of the sharp 

 corners, you may practice a little deception upon 

 la, entirely harmless as far as regards 

 their palates and stomachs ; and far pumpkin pit* 



Vfnatwccall a perfect specimen, is pine-apph 

 »»»P*d, »ki n Tery »mooth, and a beautiful creen 

 color. Some, however, are more like a stick o| 

 stove wood in shape, but io matter and substance 

 I. W. Bi 



I want 



to tender my 



a to the 





the Pbu 



•AppU .S<ff<wA. 







?bt ,t i 







thoroughly for 



venture* 



to label tbem 



W.c.J/: 



1 8am 



THE HRIXCIvLE GRAPE. 



Wa prwent oar readers 

 wiibadraw eg of ibe SrwH* 

 Grape, Uken from a bunch 

 seat os by Wm. TbOITOOV, or 

 GermanlowD. Colombia Co., 

 at&e was grown 

 from aeed obtained from Ger- 

 many, by Mr. RA_»Bi,ofPhila- 



nod 



character 

 rigfe. Tbe 



boncb ia long, berries set quit 



quality. 



After 



taking tbo 



drawing 









ie meeting of 



the Fru 





* of Western 



New York, in ten. 



mg, with the 



Fruit C 





of that So- 



oitty, to 





quality, but 









oi»y to 





it, all was 







on and label. 





tnox sa 



a: 



"Ab 





bave seen a 



drawing 



of the L 



riaekl* .-rape 



in your 



paper, « 



r elaewbarp, 



i geneiallj, 

 by ioherttng it in the Re raj.. 

 The specimen tbat I send ia 



borne; tbe fruitwill.no doubt, 

 mprove in size and flavor 

 vbeu it becomes older. The 



and holds its ample foliage till 



i the full, . 



sfint 





think bas been too much neg- 

 lected. We have hod no frost 

 • injure tbe grape here up to 

 lis dote, (Sept. 20th.) I have 

 good crop of gropes in my 

 ineyurd this season, and tbey 

 ■e nearly ripe enough to send 



uket." 



We 



before tho American Pomo- 



logical Society, and no one 



could give much information 

 regard to it, Dr. Biuncklb 



Ltcd that it did not suffer in the least from the winters 

 fa, makes a strong growth, and holds its foliage well, and does 

 rteties will give one or two fair crops in tbe opeo air. 



FINE MUSKMELONS. -EXCHANGE OF SEEDS. 



is to procure choice seeds, and many would 

 1 to exchange thera forothers. Cannotsome 

 e devised wbich will facilitate such a move- 

 By way of beginning, I hove raised this 



, deln. 





by John Sill, Esq., of Albany, 

 and have saved seed from all tho perfect ooes, 

 which I will send to any subscriber who will send 

 me his address— enough to enable him to enjoy 

 them also. My mode of plautiDg is to dig tho 

 ground first and, after raking, dig holes four feet 

 upart, fill with fresh horse dung, cover with eartb, 

 and plant tbc seeds. This makeB a hot-bed under 

 each plant, which grows rapidly, and soon draws 

 nourishment from the munure. My melons ripen 

 early, bear abundantly, and pay well for the 



hich I call the ,Mm XUl 





Another is dark ; 

 laah. Both are sup 



> skit 





Monroe County Fair — Horticultural Dtpart- 

 m*nt.— Never hove we seen so fine a show of fruit 

 aud vegetables at any County Fair, as was exhib- 

 ited at the Monroe County Fair, held last week.— 

 Over one thousand plates of apples and pears were 

 on tbe tables, besides about ono hundred of grapes 

 and quinces. The fruit was fair, without a speck, 

 lorge and fine every way, and we never beheld a 

 finer exhibition, particularly of apples. Fruit- 

 growing is fast becoming u leading business with 

 the farmers io this part of Western New York.— 

 Thousands of barrels of apples are every day leav- 

 ing this city for the Eastern market; and several 

 thousand barrels of pears have already been 

 shipped, while our market is fully supplied with 

 the choicest varieties. The exhibition of flowers 

 was good. Messrs. Ellwasgeb k Barry and A. 

 Frost A Co , made the best displays, though several 

 amateurs made very creditable exhibitions. 



CntAr Postaos: fob Hobticultcbjsts axd Agri- 

 mTURisTS.— I am very glad to see the subject of 

 cheap postage commented opon in Ton Paper bo 

 eiteti-ively circulated among tbat class of our citi- 

 xens who are most interested in this proposed 

 reform. I am Informed by a correspondent in 

 Canada that they bave what is called the " Dxral 

 ''-■•', " by which a parcel under four pounds' weight 

 is carried to any part of the Provinces for 25 cents. 

 If this is so, we are a little behind the age of 

 improvements in that direction. It ia a subject 

 you arc aware, which 1 have frequently alluded to. 

 V*"" 31 *** e press, and particularly the Agricultural 

 -*>«*, will keep L| before the people until our 

 rulers shall be forced to see the great advantages 

 both to Agriculture and the Post-office revenue, 

 likely to accrue therefrom. I W Bbjgcs. 



DISEASED PEAE TREES. 



Eos. Rural:— In your issue of August 25th, I 

 observed an article from the pen of Geo. C. Bkech- 



er, of Livonia, in which the writer says that "by 

 the merest accident he discovered a certain remedy 

 for that mysterious disease which so afflicted and 

 destroyed many hundreds of pear trees belonging 

 to certain members of the Fruit Growers' Society 

 of Western New York," and which disease was 

 somewhat discussed at our last meeting. Whilst 

 I am happy to learn, that our discussion has called 

 to this important subject the attention of gentle- 

 men of high intelligence, and close observation, 

 yet I fear that this proposed panacea, viz., the re- 

 moval of the outer bark, and tbe application of 

 soft soap, to tbe body and limbs of tbe tree, will 

 result in but little practical utility. The disease 

 to which we alluded in our discussion, morbid 







il led II 



y affect the body or limbs of the 

 pear tree. Tbe malady is conlined to that portion 

 of the tree wbich is beneath the ground, rarely 

 ascending much above the Burfuce. Its approach 

 is without premonition. Tbe spongioles, radical 

 fibers, rootlets, nnd indeed all the routs both great 

 and small, together with tbe base or lower portion 

 of the body of the tree, opporently suffer simul- 

 taneously. Before tbe first note of alarm is sound- 

 ed, before the first symptom of disease appears, 

 the fatal work is accomplished, the roots have be- 



ensued. How could Mr. IIeecher discover "by 

 the merest accident, that soft soap would rcsucitate 

 or restore to vitality and life," that which is dead 

 and rotten? 



This disease, which I shall nominate gangrene, 

 makes its first appearance in the spring of tbe 

 year. It manifests itself by tbe tree neglecting to 

 unfold its leaves, or blossoms. The buds swell, 

 tbe hark looks green and healthy, hot the foliage 

 docs not develop; all the vital functions of the 



Oo i 



surface of I 



tin- ii 



willbefoai 





wood beneuth, have become gangrenous, and is 

 in a state of decomposition. Notwithstanding 

 this entire death of all the roots, the tree, both 

 bark and wood, above the gangrene, may remain 

 green several weeks, or even months. Bat, during 

 the latter part of the ensuing summer, the body 

 and branches of the tree wither and die. And this 

 is a death from which there is no awakening.— 

 There is no second sprouting, or again putting 

 forth of buds or branches, for all the roots first 

 die and consequently all vital communication with 

 the soil in which tbey grew now ceases. 



What is the proximate cause of this malady ! — 

 What tbe remote cause? and what are the most 

 appropriate and efficient remedies? Tbese are 

 pertinent and important questions. Their correct 

 solution alone can snggest the most suitable reme- 

 dies. That it is not caused by excessive moisture 

 or humidity of tbe soil, aa some have alleged, is 



made several years ofcoosecutiteki\un an l growth, 

 thus establishing tbe fa.-t of the mil 

 soil. Third, the disease is invariably first observed 

 io the month of ApriL That it is not from in- 

 sectile cause, as Mr. Beiche:; alleges, is proven, 

 first, by the fact tbat the evil is occ 

 the winter or spring, before the buds uufuld ; aod, 

 in our frgid climate, I think insects are rarely 

 DlaobJevouj m orchard* during the cold and win- 

 try months of the year. Second, we have made 

 many microscopic observations without being able 

 to discover an insect in the diseased parr, or to 

 detect its work. There exists a strong analogy 

 between the vu»l functions of the animal aod 

 vegetable creation. Both have rtjpiratory, circu- 

 latory, and nutrient organs, Ibe interruption or 

 disturbance of which will produce disease or death 

 in either the animal or vegetable. The roots of a 

 tree may be likened unto tbc stomach of an ani- 

 mal. Both elaborate food for their respective cor- 

 porations, without which in any individual case 

 death inevitably ensues,— soft soap will scarcely 

 save them. Tnere are limits of temperature be- 

 yond wbich neither tbe animal nor vegetable will 

 survive. Sudden trausitionsof Lemperatare affect 

 both, more destructively than a gradual change 

 from oue extreme to another. Intense transitions 

 uf temperature from high to low, when applied to 

 certain parts of animals will produce chilblains, 

 mortification or death. When tbe roots of young 

 pear trees are thus exposed like results may fol- 

 low ; gangrene and death of the roots may ensue. 

 Cleou culture will promote the growth, but it will 

 increase tbe danger from gaugrene. Tbe bursting 

 of the sap vessels by the freezing and consequent 

 leakage of tbe juices of the tree from above, 

 accounts for the long-continued moisture of the 

 parts thus affected afier death. Tbe body and 

 limbs of the pear tree being less sensitive than the 

 rooU to sudden changes of temperature, nre con- 

 sequently the last part of the tree to suffer from 

 chilblains, or gangrene, dependent upon such 

 transitions of temperoture. The phenomenon ex- 

 hibited of the roots being all dead and in a state of 

 decomposition, und yet the body and limbs remain- 

 ing green for months thereafter, may be accounted 

 for by the fact tbat tbe foitoer dies from suddeu 

 and violent disruption aud obliteration of its vas- 

 cularity, whilst the latter dies by the slow process 

 of inanition or starvation. 



With these views of tbe cause and naturo of this 

 disease, the indications are prophylactic, rather 

 tban curative, and readily suggest themselves, 

 viz.: protect the roots by good fertilizing non- 

 OOnduotorfl oi" heat, such us leaves from the forest, 



chip dirt, sods, turf, grass, or weeds, tan bark, Ac. 

 It may also be well to protect tbe body of the tree 

 from the ground a little way up, by draping it in n 

 skirt of cotton cloth as described in your visit to 

 the orchard of Messrs. Stabk & Mattisoh. Straw 

 properly bound on, however, might be substituted 



cloth, at less t 



Bebk raou Malv.— W.ll some of your many 

 reader* tell on; > boar to make 



strong beer from mnlll We have tried all t um- 

 mer, but c.nool keep it hot a few days when Weil 

 botUed,— W D. 



! ; 



horticultural "^tuTtiocmmts. 





:,■::. 



( JB Wl VMBIJ -jU a k,.i NMlve Vine, « 



T , ! , , n !r, li """ 1, "" v M-HM-mins 



1 ■ 



l:.: ■'."",, I, - Tl 



IGHLiAND 



■■'■■■■'■ 



( initio inrps _ s.ihni „!,,. r!,.TT> ty,, 



• ' : - ; ^ w,';, ; ■ l| " •;;:;;; 



WEDDING CAKE, QUEEN'S CAKE, &c. 



are at your disposal : 



A Choice Wedding Cake.— One pound of Hour ; 

 1 lb. of sugar; 1 lb. of butter; 12 eggs; a lbs. of 

 raisins; 2 lbs. currants ; 1 lb. citron; lemon, nut- 

 meg and mace to your tuste. Beat all very light. 

 Flour the fruit ond stir in last, and if necessary add 

 more flour. Have one large pau,or two small ones, 

 well buttered, and put in u layer of cake, and then 

 one of citron sliced thin, aod so on until full ; put 

 in a wcll-beated oven, und hnkc steady for four or 

 five hours, according to thickness. Let it cool 

 gradually in tbe oven. 



Queen's Cakb.— One Ib. flour; 1 lb. sugar; »£tbs 

 lb. butter; ". eggs; 1 gill of cream; mace and nut- 

 meg. Bake in small tins, with or without currants 

 or raisins. Ice tbem, and flavor tbe iciDg with 



WntTK Ci-p Cake.— Take 4 cups of flour; 2 of 

 white sugar; 1 of butter ; 1 of sour cream or rich 

 milk; nutmeg, cinnamon and lemon, with 5 well 

 beaten eggs; aud, lastly, 1 small teaspoonful of 



To Take oct FariT Scots— Wet the stain with 

 out dipping, and bold the part over a lighte 

 common brimstone match at a proper distaoci 

 The sulphurous gas soon causes the spots to dii 



To Restore Lcstbb to Silb.— One that is and 

 has been a reader of the Rubal for years, would 

 ask for a little information through its columns.— 

 Being caught out ia a heavy rain shower, I got a 

 a nice black silk dress very wet, and by riding 

 several miles whilst in this condition it got badly 

 Boiled. In no way could I get out the wrinkles, 

 but by dampening, Ac ., ironing with a cloth over 

 the silk, which seemed to take off' the lustre aod 

 make it look old. If I can be informed by any 

 one of the numerous readers of the New-Vobker, 



very thankful.— Mollt, Arcadia, N. }'., 1859. 



BoiLED-CtnEB Pie.— One cup boiled cider; or 

 sop flour; two cups water; two cups molasset 

 mn thorooghly and bake with two crust a. Tl 

 above quantity will be sufficient for several pie 

 Mabv E. Bloint, WaUrtoum, S. J'., I860. 



\'~: in.";\'.'.\ u'.'lfor 



FOR NURSERYMEN 



:^g^?: ; 



