4 



TWO DOLLARS A "i-KARJ 



VOL X. NO. 45. 



'PROGRESS AJSTX) IMPROVEMENT." 



ROCHESTER, N.Y.-FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 5, 1859. 



D. FOUR CENTS. 



{WHOLE NO. 513. 



MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER, 



BDRAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER- 

 CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE, 



With an Able Corps of Assistants and Contributors, 



FALL HARVEST -COEN, POTATOES, Ac. 



Farmers ore now improving every moment to 

 close up their Bummer's work. For the post few 

 weeks we hove buii unpleasant vr6C.tb.er forgftth- 



diggers have suffered from cold fingers. Frosty 

 nights and cold, win dy days— cold ruins, with an 

 occasional flurry of snow, have rendered out-door 

 work slow and unpleasant. The weather is now 

 (Oct. 27th) clear and cold, with a sharp frost 

 nights, which will injure potatoes that lie exposed. 



The Coax Cnop 

 a medium one, ond 

 than usual. The fi 



i Western New York i 



..Mil I 





e latter part of Septem- 

 ber cut the corn in some loeuiitu'-. urn! siruru thai 

 lime we have bad but little favorable weather, with 

 occasional frosts, and late corn lias not ripened. 

 Much of the corn was so injured by the frost of the 

 4th of June as to make it late, and a good 

 to be re-planted. From that time to the 15th of 

 June, and later, many were engaged in re-plant- 

 ing, and a favorable foil was most anxiously de- 

 sired by corn-growers. In this they were not 

 gratified. A letter before us from Ontario county, 

 in thie Slate, says : — " September frosts have 

 destroyed one-half of our corn crop, or at least, 

 diminished its value to that amount," The Con- 

 necticut, and most of the Eastern papers, say corn 

 is much injured by frost in that section. Almost 

 all of our Western exchanges give very favorable 

 reports of the corn crop in the West. 



Potatoes never yielded better in this section. 

 From almoBt all sections of the country, however, 

 we hear complaints of rot. When ot the State 



Uland and New Jersey, that a great portion of the 

 crop was diseased, and that the Peach Blow 

 suffered more than any other variety. We were 

 prepared to bear that this new and favorite sort 

 wos predisposed to disease, for the seed that we 

 obtained from the East last spring was affected, 

 and nearly one-third rotted before we got ready to 

 plant, and a good many of the seta rotted in the 

 ground. Jobs Johnston-, of Seneca Co., writes to 

 the Country G<rtfleman :—" I am aorry to say our 

 potatoes ore all going with the rot, and a better 

 e have not had in many 

 lately I found they were 

 Here, the potatoes 

 "■try badly rolling, while 

 thing, they 



J«» 





When in 



on light 

 Wi hoi 



n Le.vj 



u,.„ 





irty , 



^ It. IS 



land were diseased. The ifuieaZ on the drvest 

 soil was half rotten, all others sound. The yield in 

 all Western New Y'ork, so far as we can learn ia 

 very great. Joseph RAKnoLPn, of Peufield 'io 

 this county, informs us that bo grew 2,200 bushels 

 of salable potatoes on eleven acres, as measured 

 by the buyers for the New York market. The 

 Bwkeytt yielded the best, giving 960 bushels to 

 the acre ; Ptaeh Blows and Flukes alike, 250 bush- 

 els; and DyktmaM, 200 bushels. These four 

 wrta were ibe most productive. Our experi- 

 ence has convinced us that the Paris' SttdUng, 

 Massachusetts potato, of which wc shall say 

 _t productive good potato grown. 

 In bills, thr*e feet apari each way, it produced 

 the acre; io rows two feet apart, 

 * foot apart in the rows, 344 bush- 



produced 867 bushels, 

 Ptach Blows 241 bushels. W. D. Pirdv 

 mty, presented us 



fPrw 





i he : 



grown 800 bushels on a fraction less than an a 

 i Boot Oropn were never better, seldon 

 *o for as we have seen or heard, and ne 



perhaps, were they more needed to make up f 



<l ..!><■ i >■ tit bay crop. 



BUTTEE AND CHEESE. 



Ai.irnH i.ii we are occasionally permitted to 

 chronicle certain wondrous lacteal qualities ex- 

 hibited by isolated representatives of the "milky 

 herd," there would seem, judging from present 

 prices and demand, to be a general falling off in 

 the dairy product of this State. Individuals who 

 can afford to butter only on* tiJ: of their bread, 

 are anxiously inquiring as to the probable cost of 

 such on operation during the winter now before 

 them, and after careful investigation of the facts 

 obtainable, ore ready to shrink back appalled; 

 while those who are indifferent as to the footing 

 up of the bills, but would gratify the palate with 

 that which ia redolent of clover blossoms, are just 

 now tnjayirnj an equally bleak prospect. Amid 

 the denizens of this city, at least, the important 

 inquiry now is—" What has become of the butter r" 



This query is fraught with interest to producer 

 as well at consumer. The agriculturist has a 



and he ought to be aware whether it is likely to 

 yield a profitable per centage, or become a draw- 

 back upon tbo returns of labor expended in other 

 departments of farm economy. He should know 

 whether this portion of his business is furnishing 

 its/tro rata towards the liqudationof the demands 

 purse, and if found wanting, ways and 

 ore it to a paying 







. N. Y. Tri. 



; we published t 



the overage weight of cattle offered for sal 

 butchers, and the figures then presented proved 

 that a gain of about 300 pounds per head had been 

 attained in a comparatively brief period of time. 

 In furnishing bu/io the mass of consumers, the 

 farming community,— by the exercise of judgment, 

 and care in the selection of animals from which to 

 breed,— have accomplished an object the pecuniary 

 value of which cannot be over-estimated. The 

 success which has thus for attended the efforts of 

 those who sought to improve the meat-producing 

 quolities of such animals as are "good for food," 

 is the result of close scrutiny and comparison, and 

 by the employment of the same agencies the 

 Dairyman can solve the question which, as we 

 hove before intimated, is agitating the public 



Referring to the market reports in the latter 

 part of October for the past ten years, as they 

 stand published in the Rural, we note quite an 

 increase in the prides of dairy products, ond if 



I price of c 



,■ l.ulf 



ents per pound, and of butler fifteen and one-half 

 ents; for the closing five it advances to nearly 

 ight and one-half cents for the former product, 

 nd nineteen and one-fifth cents for the latter,— on 

 ddition of more than twenty-five per cent, to the 

 ne, and but o fraction less thoo a like amount to 

 he cost of the other of the articles under consid- 



Ami i 



; yet. Dm 



theBe years, (with, probably, 

 of 1650,) every family which so desired could lay 

 in a crock of butter for the winter's supply, but 

 this privilege was denied the great majority the 

 present season. The country within twenty or 

 thirty miles of Rochester, has usually furnished 

 sufficient for local consomption, but now our 

 dealers are compelled to widely extend the area 

 of search for a good, sweet article, and, too often, 

 they tind themselves "in the pursuit of knowledge 

 under difficulties.'' Western Pennsylvania and 

 Northern Ohio furnish a goodly proportion of the 

 "supplies" in this particular line, ond we aro 

 the belief that we are more 

 Buckeye milkmaids for 



indebted i 

 our dehci 



"Hamburg" 



who would fain have the credit of its production. 



It i 



"Con 



j thii 



Twenty-eight to thirty cents a pound for butter, 



the retail rates will fully reach these figures the 

 coming winter — are facts, plain, palpable, not 

 admitting even the shadow of a doubt in the mind 

 of the purchaser. Why is it thus? We hove 

 thrown these thoughts together for the purpose 

 of calling the attention of producers to the sub- 

 ject, and we leave the matter in their bands, 

 hoping to hear their solutions of the query— 

 " What has become of tin butUr t" 



HOW FABMEBS TIME IT. 



Evert farmer should be governed by a regular 

 system for using the hours throughout the day. so 

 as to calculate with some degree of certainty on 

 the daily routine of the labors of the farm. Show 

 me a man who is not governed by a strict system, 

 I care not what business he is engaged in, and I 

 will show you a man who is always gelling into 

 difficulty, ond who is troubled with a vast amount 

 of what he terms "bad luck." Now, to remedy 

 this, let me place before your notice a method for 

 dividing the time, wbicb, I think, if adopted by all 

 our farmers, would be greatly conducive to their 

 prosperity. 



First— always rise before the sun, and when I 

 Boy always, I mean seven days out of the week, and 

 not six, — for I find thot the habit of sleeping obout 

 an hour later than usual on Sabbath mornings 

 prevails to a great extent among our farmers, 

 which should not be, for if a farmer rises at five 

 o'clock six days in succession, he con easily do the 

 same on the seventh, and he not only injures his 

 own health by sleeping longer, but be injures the 

 health Of whatever live stock he may chance to 









; havi 









s it is also very injurious 

 Settle upon some hour, 



n regularly, as the bands 

 hour, take your place at 



ame regularity with your 

 day, through the wbole 

 ian safely assert that you 



as though you had eaten your dinner some times 

 at twelve and sometimes at two o'clock, your 

 supper some times at five and some times at 

 eight o'clock, — and we are sure that you will be 

 troubled less with dyspepsia, nightmare, and all 

 the other "petty evils that flesh is {not) heir to," 

 but brings on by its own follies and vices. 



the table. Observe 

 other meals, day e 

 year, and we think 



FALR GROuTiDS AND EXHIBITION HALL 



Within the past five years decided changes 

 have been made in the organization and manage- 

 ment of Agricultural Societies, and great improve- 

 ments instituted in the preparation of grounds 

 and buildings for their exhibitions. In Ibis State, 

 a great impetus was given to associations designed 



riAiza, 60x10, wli bafcony above. 

 C. Front Plai*«, 2iil0, w.Ui balcony above. 



F, Ladles' Room. 

 The poits surrounding J- iupport the gallery, \ 



There are throe large doors al each end of nail. 



EXI-IIIlITIi >X III IJ.l 

 to advance Rural Improvement, by the passage 

 (in April, 1S55.) of an Act to facilitate the form- 

 ing of Agricultural and Horticultural Societies— 

 the law authorizing County and Town Societies, 

 organized according to its provisions, to bold real 

 estate and personal property to such an extent 

 that they could own suitable fair grounds, build- 

 ings, etc. The act had no sooner taken effect 

 than many of the old Societies were re-organized— 

 electing boards of officers according to its pro- 

 visions, and proceeding to render its advantages 

 available. Many new Societies were also formed 

 under the law, ami commenced operations under 

 favorable auspices. Most of Ihese associations, 

 both old and new, have secured for are about to 

 do so,) permanent Fair Grounds, with requisite 

 improvements. In Western and Central New 

 York almost every County A g. Society has adopted 

 the plan of permanent location, having purchased 

 or rented grounds adapted to holding exhibitions, 

 and many Town and Union Associations have 

 adopted the same course. We might specify 

 some twenty Societies, each of which has fine 

 grounds, with proper conveniences — such as 

 oilices, exhibition buildings, Ac ,— creditable to 

 the taste, enterprise and liberality of the people 

 of their respective localities ; but our present 

 object is to give o brief descrip- 

 tion of what one of them has ac- 

 complished in this respect, in the 

 belief that it will prove suggestive 

 and beneficial to associations which 

 have not yet secured desirable im- 



The Fair Grounds of the Union 

 Agricultural Society at Palmyro, 

 (Wayne County, N. Y.,) ore among 

 the best we have ever seen — most 

 creditable to all who participated 

 in their arrangement and comple- 

 tion, and a good model for simi- 



present the accompanying diagram 

 of tbe grounds, and plan of the 

 building, — with 



at least equal, if not superior, to any structure 

 of the kind which we have examined in the State 

 —the Ampithealre of the Ontario County Agricul- 

 tural Society (heretofore illustrated and described 

 in the Rural,) alone exceling it in cost, extent 

 and convenince; but that is not an exhibition 

 building of the style and class we aic describing, 

 From the elevated balconies at each end, a fine 

 view cau be bad of the village and surrounding 

 country — a panorama which would delight the 

 poet, painter and lover of natural scenery improved 

 by art and industry. [We believe the building 

 was designed by Carlton U. Bombs, Esq.) 



The arrangement and conveniences of the 

 Grounds are so well shown in our diagram, and 



, thai 





npt.„ 



unnecessary. Could tbe reader 



grounds (and their varied contents or covering,) 



during the recent Fair of the Society, as we did, 



all most complete and commendable. He that as 

 it may, however, we regard the subject of our 

 notice worthy of this illustrative description, and 

 trust its presentation will awaken a spirit of 

 emulation in such matters among the numerous 

 Societies within the somewhat wide range of the 



refer 



nil . 



a clear idea of their arraucemei:!, 

 capacity and convenience. 



The Grounds of the Society are 

 situated on Jackson Avenue, within 

 tbe limits of the village of Palmyra, 

 and comprise about nineteen acres 

 — the wbole being enclosed by a 

 substantial board fence, eight feet 

 high. Tne main entrance is four 

 rods in width, bordered with shade 

 trees, and otherwise adorned. The 

 arrangemei 







indali 

 Tbe sepa- ' 

 machinery, 



ence for man and beast. 



The principal exhibition build- 

 ng— FlorolHall — is 00 feet long, 



000, and is to be lighted w 

 The building has a fine, con 

 ing appearance, (as shown in < 

 engraving). For beauty of Io. 



'^yrr . 



