I 



358 



MOOEE'S IUJHAL KEW-TORKER. 



WINTERING STOCK. - SHEEP. 



what I have often 



■ cuttle and sheep, 

 i in the country bul 



ould t 



ould k 



well , 



d well I know that either sheep or cattle turned 

 pasture when nothing but okiu and bone, make 

 t very little improvement in the pasturing 

 isod, and ofteo go into another winter in worse 

 idition than they ought to be ol the time they 

 ) at tbe middle or May. I 

 be equally excusable, who. 



link a fur 



Mi,/ 1- t 



l» "i i-' 



9 flesh 



d wilfully wa 





,nd I U 



eled through noma of the western cotiDtiea of thi 

 Slate lately, and saw many miserably poor ewe 

 and lamb3, which must be very wi 

 coming winter, else they 

 dogs long before "priiii; 

 sbeep in that wuy never can pay, no matter how 

 little tbe food costs. If every farmer would feed 

 each of his sheep eno bushel of corn, or GO lbs. 

 of oats, buckwheat or barley, (whichever he found 

 cheapest,) during winter, with good straw, even, 

 for fodder, they would pay him better for the 



,byf 



iftie >■ 



and sell it for cash. But if he would feed each 

 aheep HO lbs. of corn, or otber grain, tbey would 

 still pay him better for the grain— tbey would 



be (ed no grain— tbey would raise him double the 

 number and much better lambs. Try it, farmers. 

 I have practiced this for over thirty years, 



1 be i 



.»:,;, I V, 



bear farmers say, "I fed grain to my ewes one 

 year, but I will never do so again ; they lost their 

 wool, the lambs came before their time, and I lost 

 nearly all of them." Now, let mo tell you tbe 

 reason of those men's bad luck. They did not 



poverty, and the feed was too strong for them; 

 hence it created fever, and bad luck attended 

 them. But you that will take my advice, begin 

 to feed grain whenever your pasture faihinfall, 

 so as to keep up the condition of the sheep, and 

 if you keep the dogs from them, and give them 

 reasonable shelter, I will warrant no bad luck in 

 loosing wool, or premature Iambs, will befall them. 

 There is no animal that will pay better for good 



feeding than sb 

 is worse fed; if tbey only got 1 

 be filthy swine 



wait 



would pay 



When I tell farmers that tbey ought to keep 

 their sheep much better, tbey sbake their head3 

 and say, " It may pay you to feed grain and Unseed 

 cake to sheep, but it would not pay us." Far be 

 it from me to advise farmers to run any great risk 

 in feeding a large quantity of grain to their sheep 

 until they have the best of proof (experience) that 

 it will pay them, and that double what they could 

 get for the grain in cash; but I do wish I could 

 persuade every farmer in the country to feed 

 a few sheep in the way I mention, end I feel sure 

 all who thus practice would feed their whole flocks 

 ao the next year. No farmer ought to keep a 

 flock of Merino sheep without shearing at least 

 five lbs. of clean wool per head. If they she 

 less he ought either to reduce his flock, or fe 

 better, or both, until he gets up to that amount 

 wool or over; and with such feeding as I advoca 

 Merino wethers at three years old can be made 

 average (in the fall) from 120 to 130 lbs., li 

 weight. As they are now kept it is only a picked 

 flock that will average 00 lbs. But you 



LESSONS OF THE SEASON. 



idbrs of the Roral :— As again "wo stan 

 g the fallen leaves," and look over our field 

 of them alieady stripped of their produ 

 it seems hardly possible that any iotelligei 



mauy onsen 





,of f 



probable causes, both in his own operations 

 those of his neighbors, — observations which t 



ti,.irnfi.'r bo of great practical importance to h 

 self and others. There is no person that thi 

 who does not make such observations. And 



in tbe public prints, they are unkoown by oth 

 and many of them soon forgotten by himself. 

 mauy things we perbops do Dot trust oar me 



and especially such r 





■re. I t 



much. We need something in black and wb 

 which shall be a reminder of them when 

 season returns for using them. 



In many parts of our country, the past soai 

 has been remarkable for frosts and other calai 

 tics to the farmer. Tbe place where the wri 



sited, on the 4 





hardly left a green thing. Eirly peas, in some of 

 our gardens, were ready for picking, and other 

 vegetables proportionately advanced. On the 

 morning of tbe 26th our gardens and plowed fields 

 were as clean almost as if just harrowed. In 

 these circumstances the question " What shall we 

 plant?" was an important one. "What can we 

 plant so late end get any return?" Some replied 

 after the frosts, "You need not plant anything; 



nforfodder." 



Others said, " It is too late for cort 



wheat, and by- and- by, turnips and c 

 After the hail they said, "There 

 anything but turnips." Rather 



r for 



,' f..!lou 



which have corn* 



during the past i 



prove of service to 



1. Corn, where i 



wish to subjoin a few facts 

 der my own observation 

 in, in hope that they may 

 le who may read them. 

 s frozen below the ground, 

 lid not "come again" so as to be worth the cul- 

 ure. Tbougb every hill started again.and looked 

 ;reen for a few days, much of it died ; some of it 

 >ut out small, poor ears, close to the ground ; 

 ind a very little of it yielded good com. 

 2. Potatoes, many of them, did come again, and 



i fair 



rop. 



etbei 





'.< Ibv 



and that from Will-fid ewes, and not expect 

 little, stunted yearlings or two year olds, and 

 think to make them weigh the higher weights. 

 Again, if a lot of Merino wethers averaging 

 or 90 lbs., live weight, in the fall, is worth thi 

 cents per lb., a lot weighing 120 lbs. average 

 better worth four cents, and those averaging 130 

 lbs. four and a quarter cents— for the ret 

 the offal of the 90 lb. sheep is only a t 

 than tbe one weighing 120 lbs. The fact is, there 

 is u profit every way in high feeding. It is just Ilk* 

 high manuring, and tbe higher you feed the highei 

 e being so much richer. 



ling on feed 



I bad intended 

 ing Cattle, but I hove su 

 Sheep I must stop. Pei 

 than will be read by 



. Y., 1 

 —We hope ! 



y- Youi 



i for tl 







RlV4.fi 



article oi 



what he may have to say on t 



read with interest and profit. 



observation, years, experience, and (we 



not to be afraid of writing too much. An al 

 in a recent address, to his example and sue 

 underdraining and other matters, was rece 

 such manner as to assure us that Mr. Jon 



ubject will be 

 man of hi 



ical i 



. oft 



right i 



forward farm improvement and enrichment. 



to Km 



Wo. 



"J. 8. 



:." of 



Fillmore, N. Y., wishes to know "if there 

 way of killing woodchucks short of bunting and 

 shooting or trapping them*" To which 1 reply, 

 there is. Take a sweet apple, quarter it, make an 

 incision in each quorter, into which 

 «r.T l,ly ° f 8,rycbnine ' or a lar g er quantity of 

 ' -"* 1 piece or two into each hole. In s 



a apple will be gone, and the wood. 



'•"•"-J. S. Tibbbts, Nankin, JAVA. 



rthless, 



3. King Philip corn, planted from the 12ih to 

 tbe 20th of June, and a few rows in garden soil 

 as late as the 27th and 28th of June, ripened. 



4. Potatoes planted several days after the frosts, 

 ripened perfectly, and gave a good crop. Others, 

 planted the ^Oth of Juue, though still green in 

 the tops when the frost came in October, gave tbe 

 largest crop of large potatoes that I have ever 

 raised on an equal area of ground. 



5. I hove never had better peas than from those 

 which I planted the 2tHh of June, and though 

 tbey came at a time of year when green peas are 

 ordinarily only remembered as luxuries long ago 

 post, they were declared by all who partook 

 them to be in good time, and a note was made 

 plant some peas late hereafter, frost or no fro 

 Beans planted the 27th and 2Sth of June, ripened 

 a considerable part of tbe crop. Limas were not 

 replanted. 



fi. Melons, squashes, Ac, did not pay. Tomatoes, 

 likewise, except those which have been for some 

 time past under frames, with glazed covering, and 

 additional protection wben there is danger of 

 frost. These are still affording 



7. Sweet potatoes, planted i 

 return. Those which "came i 

 and bail were little worth. 



iany worthless weeds. He who breeds a small 

 lare lo a thorough-bred stallion, expecting to gel 

 irge draft anim.ls,— or a mare possessing no fine 



ist trotter, will assuredly be disappointed. I ac- 

 oowledge that we cannot produce stylish, fast 



a tho 



ough-bred horse 



from co 



minor, mares. I 



have 



een it tried too often ; four 



fifths of tbe time 





xperiment failed 



I hav 



e bandied more 



thoro 



gh-bred stallions 



than an 



y other one kind, 









that tbey are not 



the horse to breed all 



kind of 



mares. I would 



much 



prefer a Clcvelan 



Bay o 



a large Morgan 



to breed lo promiscuou 



sly. 11 





am disinterested, as I b 





cb stock. I have 









that they are the 







ever been brought out 



West, 



for all purposes 



If the 





size, I 



would prefer breeding to 



a Cleveland Bay 



■tallta 



n; but if my ma 





of good size, I 



woult 





ed Morg 





Theta 



colts hare fine s 



*e, and 



a great deal more 



ityle, 



■ bill.-! 



otbei 



igh-bred men contend that 

 " like begets like," and, in the same breath, that a 

 horse that docs not trot, (if he does, it is done very 

 poorly,) and who cannot pace a lick, end who is 

 a small-boned, light-bodied animal, will produce 

 animals that will excel in trotting, pacing, and 

 fine size. Then I contend they must get it from 

 their dams. "That there is do uncertainty in 

 nature's operations, the male confers the external 

 structure of the offspring,"— all of which I believe. 

 Then, where aro the offspring to look for those 

 traits that the sire does not possess? It is true 

 -that the produce 

 it is very seldom. 

 t determine what 



point. Perfection in no particular point is gained 

 in oue cross, but it takes years to excel or produce 

 perfection in stock. Too many expect the sire to 

 do everything— that all they have to do is lo breed 

 id tbat they will get a splendid 



Sole 



:end i 



re should fir 

 and breed i 





i pen 



1 they t 



THE SORGHUM LN KANSAS. 



Rural New-Yorkbr:— A correspondent 

 to know concerning the Sorghum, and I 

 ', for this vicinity, we are making a good 

 if it. Six mills are in operation within two 

 if me, and molasses tbat has given good 

 :tion has been made, and we think that but 

 amount of molasses need be brought from 





the South for this vicinity in future. 



crop to raise here. As thi 



show of frost it has bad full time to mature.- 



Should I be able, I will send you figures of th 



old rule, "Tbe 'j.jtlj of .In 





oilier, i 





upon very quick soils, or iu very favorab 

 or with some of the quicker growing vt 



9. Our meadows, which were greatly 

 the frosts, and wholly cut up by the 

 many of them yielded something worth 

 September and October. 



To conclude, I wish 







' the I 



n record for those 





uses of the Rural in tin 



i the early part of the season occu 

 ,nd Providence which "tempers the 

 lorn lamb" has crowned our elloits 



s far as possible for c 



) by frost and h 



m unhoped-for s 

 kindly urging us to trust ourselves confidently to 

 His keeping who careth for us, though the peacb 

 tree should not blossom, neither should there be 

 fruit in tho vines, though tbe fruit of tho orchard 

 should foil, and even tbe fields yield no meat. n. 



BREEDING HORSES FOR ALL-WORK. 



Ens. Rural New- Yorker: — As I am a gr« 

 admirer of fine stock of all kinds, I take please 

 in reading all tbat appears in tho Rural on t 

 subject i but am forced, from experience a 

 observation, to differ with some of vour corn 

 pondents. I contend that " like 

 that it isimpossible to change th 

 I therefore contend that no horse 

 bred to all kinds of marcs, so as 

 als from all. And I furthoi 



made here this (all. 





ave raised some wheat, but 







re. The yieh 



and we have yet to import 1 



oth wheat anc 



We have an abundance of co 



n and potatoes 







raise all that our climate w 



1 allow.— Jas 



MS, OtawOomU, Kansas, Oc 



, 1858. 



Thaer, to remove the cattle from them often, ... 



, on tbe bestcondncted farms, 

 ivided into separate parts.— 

 •quire the most sucouleut and 

 first turned to each separate 

 division, and as Ihey are removed, the other kinds 

 which need a smaller quantity of uotriment are 

 fed there. By 



For this 



fling food i 



, tboi 





partial with the rest. The herbage is then left to 

 recover itself for a sufficient time, and afterward 

 the first herd is ogain allowed to feed upon it. 



In commenting upon tho foregoing, the editor of 

 the New England Farmer says:— "This system 



■] .!■]>■ 



■ the v 



ally. Am 



f pasture ground. If the space is large a 

 deal of herbage is spoiled or destroyed by 

 impling of tbe caltle; the pasturage is never 

 mly eaten off, but some portions are left to 

 until it becomes dry and hard. The luxu- 

 iut distasteful herbage is constantly increas- 

 ed in time crowds out the finer kinds, already 

 ig cropped so closely and continn- 



io.lv. 



i, the i 



MANURES - SAFE RULES. 



Arb there not a few rules in regard to ma 

 which it is safe to rely upon as unalterable? 

 AH fine or well decomposed fertilizers should be 

 applied at or near the surface. 2d. All coarse, in 

 contradistinction, should be buried beneath the 

 surface at a slight depth. 



All manures are better for having been housed 

 unless we except the very coarse, where moisture 

 may be needed to aid decomposition. For quick 

 growing crops, like corn or tobacco, tbe fertilizing 

 matter should (if of proper fineness,) be placed 

 near the plant or in the hill.— W. J. Pettkb, 



Raising Turkeys.— In a June number of the 

 New-Yorker I made a few inquiries about raising 

 turkeys, which were very promptly answered. I 

 cannot explain my success better than by saying 

 that I have raised more turkeys from a litter of 

 ten, this fall, than from seventy youDg turkeys last 

 spring. Shortly after the advice given in tbe 

 Rural, I had a litter of ten batched, which I fed 



lobbered milk, for 





.ally i 



little 



ur weeks, according t. 

 nd have raised all except thre 

 ught by the hawks. After thi 



as in Mayor June. Grate carrots, (the deepest 

 orange color,) sift through a seive, mix in a little 



whon you commence churning. You will be sur- 

 prised at the great difference it makes with the 

 butter. Scores of her neighbors have tendered 

 her their sincere thanks for the information. — C, 

 A. II., Chicago, 111., 1859- 



Sbbo Corn.— Wra. S. Morgan, of Warren Co., 

 writos to the Prairie Fanner that seed from the 

 butt end of an ear of corn will ripen its product 

 i weeks earlier 

 jd from the little end of the same ear. He 

 ends farmers ulways to break their seed 

 rs in two in the middle, and use the butt 

 ends only for seed. 



consequently feed better, and keep in 

 betterhealth. The succession of the variouskinds 

 of stock must be regulated by the circumstances 

 of the owner. Tiiaer says that in Bpring the beet 

 pasturage is often given to ewes, because it is 

 needed to increase their supply of milk, and give 

 them strength to nurse their lambs with sheep in 

 spring, if not allowed too long, has a tendency to 

 thicken tho growth of grass. But they cannot be 

 followed by cattle immediately, with advantage; 

 at least three week3 should intervene, to allow ihe 

 smell of their dung to dissipate, ood the gross to 

 get a fresh start." 

 Nieb-t Soil-Its Value. 



In a recent issue of the Planter's Banner the 

 editor remarks;—" The best of all manures is the 

 one which iu our country is the most universally 

 wasted. In Belgium, where agriculture is carried 

 to great productiveness, they ■ order things differ- 

 ently.' There, the estimate is, by nice calculation, 

 that it is worth $10 for every individual, man, wo- 

 man and child. We traverse sea and land, send 

 to Africa and South America to bring elements of 

 fertility which at home we throw away on every 

 farm in the country. What an immense amount 

 is wasted in our cities. It must be the most valu- 

 able, containing the elements of all kinds of food 

 consumed by man, and in returning these to the 

 soil, we return the identical constituents which 

 former crops and animals have taken from the 

 land. Night soil contains the phosphate of lime, 

 which is indispensable to the growth of animal's 

 bones and to the nutriment of all plants, and which 

 is not supplied from tbe atmosphere like carbonic 

 acid and ammonia. AH fluid and solid excretions 

 should be preserved by mixing with burnt clay, 

 saw-dust, ashes, peat or wood charcoal, muck, etc. 

 We have a great deal to learn, and, alas, much 

 more to practice tbat we have learned." 



A correspondent of the Maine Farmer, says 

 he lias a five year old horse and a two year old 

 colt, and wishes advice in regard to their keep and 

 feed. The editor makes the following suggestions 

 in reply : — " A warm stable that can be easily ven- 

 tilated; good water easily come at; good, sweet 

 hay in sufficient quantity ; a feed of oats or corn 

 and cob meal once per day. These are the requi- 

 sites of good keeping for horses or colts. Some 

 think that colts that do no work need no proven- 

 der, but a moderate allowance daily, will ' pay,' as 

 the Yankees say. In regard to cutting feed, if 



coarse grasses, Ac, it i 



horse do bis owu cutting. If you hi 



well to let t 



Unral Spirit of H jtprtgg. mgrinutural iRtaeUan fi . 



A Canada West farmer writes to the Toronto 

 Globe, that mauy agriculturists are deterred fro 

 saving clover seed for their own use, from t 

 great trouble and expense of hulling aud cleunii 

 it. But in his section it is a common practice 

 sow tbe seed and chaff together, which is done by 

 making a large, deep box of boards, on the top of 

 an ordinary wagon box. The chuff is then shovel 

 led in and hauled out to the field, and scattered 

 over the surface from the wagon, 

 Bible, with a straw or dung fork, j 

 to give the ground a dark appearance. It is then 

 harrowed in with a light harrow. 



At tbe Maine State Fair, a boy fifteen years 



of age, from the town of Woodstock, had a pan 



of three year old steers which obeyed him as at 



obedient boy will bis parents. By a motion of hi: 



hand they would go forward, halt, and return, gi 



. the right or left, knee! down, and performothei 



ings muob to the surprise of sonic older farmers 



ho are in tho habit of putting the brad through 



e hide. At the New York State Fair, there was 



perfect Rakby of nn ox tamer, who practices 



breaking steers for farmers, who never treats 



them inhumanly, but he soon has tbem under pcr- 



jntrol, and as bidable as well-trained child- 



So says tbe New York Tribune. 



(AGKHKST OF MlLK.— The Bommtad SayS:- 



milk-room and doiry management have 

 something to do with the production of butter, and 

 thinks an improved style of milk-room would be 

 quite as likely to increase the yield of butter as an 

 improved breed of 

 his; though th 



>l 1b drawing to a close, I begin t 

 pleasing anticipations to tbe next 



1 hope to send you a goodly num 



1,1 



ccordlng to our terms, /or Forty Sub 













ratal!?, we will give a copy of Wb 





d DicnosAar-tbe new and spTeu. 



Ed 



no*. »Bo>js,Vo jbv Dear TKat 



Htm 



al Is highly esteemed In Canada We 





popularity. A Member of riirliamen 





>t long since, that it was worthy of 





brougboul tho Province, especially a 



1 n 



such Journal. And a letter Just te 



