TWO DOLLARS A YKAK.) 



'I'l.'i.K.rRESS AND IAU'i;.i.)VK!\rENT." 



ISINGLE >'0. FOUR C'KNTa. 



VOL. X. NO. 48. \ 



ROCHESTER, N.Y.-FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 2G, 1859. 



HYIIOLE NO. 516. 



MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER, 



BUBAL, LITKIUItY AND I'AMILY NBWSPAPKtt 



CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE, 

 With an Able Corps of Assistants and Contributors. 



INQUIRIES AND NOTES. 



while potatoes and some oil while. Ciiii you explain 

 the cauie.— W. M. Beh-ciiaui 1 , .<katte»ttlti, JV'. 1",, 

 I 



Jbrticolored potatoes, as while am] red, some- 

 times grow almost, or entirely, of oue color. The 

 White Peach Blow, for instance, wc have grown 

 this season with scarcely a shade of red, while 

 other specimens are aJruost entirely of this color, 

 with only a faint show of white. If they ore alike 

 a change. 



a change in the hill further I 



i U.i-., i 





The simplest arrangement for a root-cutter, ii 

 to fasten a knife in a block of wood, and attach i 

 handle, which will be like a heavy clothcs-poundci 

 — the knife inserted in the lower end. The root! 

 must be placed in a strong trough for chopping 

 This is rather slow work, but where onlv a few an 

 needed every day, it can easily be done during tb< 

 leisure time of wiuter, when work is scarce ami 

 time not \etj precious. The nest most eiinpU 

 form is the arrangement of knives, so that the] 

 can he operated by a lever, somewhat in Iho fash' 

 iou of a nutcracker, 



The above shows; a lever cutter in use in » 

 gland. Oee check is an open "herp" of edg( 

 arranged fn a cup-shapen manner, and the other 

 block fitting those edges, so that anything pltced 

 between the two is forced by the former through 

 the Utter. But one root o 



dcliv, 



low. The most eppro' 

 v in use mTJogland are calif i pulp, 

 coarsely -grind the roots into a pulp, 

 the favorite form for fc*Kng. Ad' 

 * to be derived from the evaporation of 

 which Ukcs place rapidly when 

 o this condition, and tiso from the 



VtQttabU Owttt r, and is sold by many of the dealers 

 throughout tbe country, at $12. The engraving 

 above will give a very good idea of ils appearance. 



the 



morning 



when 



the bees are . 



net. If you 



trial 



eeper b 

 has ov 



e a L 



r his 



bickens, then r 



bees aud the 

 which gives 



of old cotto 



clotb 



and light it s 



o that it Trill 









Tube off the lop of the hive, 









ke among the 



ees, and they 





become 





Then go to w 



rk, and if at 





imedur 







es show signs 



of d 



o, and a 





ger, give them 



e quiet, the bee 



a little more 

 becoming as 

 must he real, 



The large wheel shown, is the cuttiDg wheel, made 

 of cast iron and faced on one side, through which 

 is inserted three koives, like plane-irons. These 

 cut tbe vegetables ioto thin slices with great 

 rapidity, and then by cross-knives tbey are cut 

 into strips of convenient form and size for catlle 

 or sheep to eat. It is said to cut sixty bushels in 



Mho to Inspect It, or 



>t enough with our 



Bold :'i "ni. and prelcm 



how shall we do it-wlih a long pole, at a safe distance, 



the hive. Or say plainly, jou probably arc not a favor- 

 ite with tbe bees, and might ai well give Ihem up.- J. 

 C, Batavia, Kane Co., III., lSflO. 



Ir is said that gome persona are so offensive to 

 bees, thai they will never allow them to approach 

 their hives, and will sting them whenever they 

 gel a chance; but such cases, if they exist, are 

 rare, and if our correspondent finds himself one 

 of these rare exceptions, lie had better keep as far 

 from the bees as possible, and obtain tbe sweets 

 of life from some other source. As a general 

 thing, the hives may be approached and bandied 

 sufficiently to remove tbe surplus honey boxes, 

 without the least danger. All that is necessary is 

 to he careful, slow, and graceful in all your mo- 

 tions. Any jarring or blundering work of any- 

 kind around the hive, will cause a commotion I 

 among the bees. A clumsy, careless, slovenly, 

 bungling man will never make a successful bee- 

 i he turns over an entirely new letf. i 

 kind of folks, we rulher sitspec 



aud not assumed, which is somewhat difficult fur 

 the beginner. As a sure protection against the 

 sting of the bee, get a piece of wire cloth, such 

 as the bottoms of seives are made of, eighteen 

 inches wide and three feet long; fasten this together 

 in the form of a large hat, so that it will cover 

 the head and rest upon the shoulders. The top 

 may be of cloth or a thin piece of board. Ou tbe 

 bottom edge sew a piece of cloth one fool io width, 

 something like a frill. Put on tbe hat, tuck tbe 

 frill under your coat, and button it up, and then 

 put on a pair of India rubber gloves, and no bee 

 can possibly inflict a stiog. These can be used 

 until you gain confidence, but you will soon throw 

 off the gloves, and use the bat only occasionally 

 when performiog some important operation, like 

 changing bees from one hive to another. Tbe 

 fact is, bees seldom sting unless pinched, or hurt 

 in some way, unless they get among the bair, iu 

 which case they almost invariably use their stings. 

 Dees filled with honey seldom sting. A sprink- 

 ling of sirup from a watering pot will quiet, in a 

 minute, the most angry stform. 



EUROPEAN AGRICULTURE. 



Charge of Seeo Wheat — Early Ripening, tbe, 



— During tbe present jear tbe Rural Xew-V r.n 



bos contained a considerable number of articles 

 upon Wheat, its Cultivation and Characteristics, 

 and, among the subjects discussed, the advantages 

 to be derived from a change of seed, have had a 

 full share of notice. Our brethren across the 







which the bees show e 



withe 



: horn 



s not enough 



and fearless." When the coward 

 puis on airs and prttcnetn to be bold and Tearless, 

 he generally makes very bad work of it, and 

 shows his fears more than though he had not 

 attempted to appear in a false character. So our 

 correspondent, we fear, when he pnttnd* to he 

 "at home and fearless," is watching narrowly 

 every hoe, expecting every moment to have bis 

 mortal body pierced with a poisonous dart. How 

 seldom are children stung with bee.*, even though 

 they play around and among the Lives. Their 

 confidence is not preteoded. Tbe present summer 

 a child about fifteen months old wandered from 

 its mother, and made directly to one of our hives. 

 Piscina himself at the front he commenced play- 

 ing with the bees, as they crawled over his baods, 

 and was engaged in this play for some time 

 uninjured, before bis mother discovered bis dan- 

 gerous situation, when she rushed to t he rescue. 

 Tbe A, B, C of Bee Culture is just what we need 

 at this day, for most of the recent writings on the 

 subject have been more curious than useful. But 

 there is no use in commencing two rod* from tie 

 At'c«, nor will J. B. find that distance any safer 

 ,!l " hra i el from it. The bees are long-sighted, 

 and we have ofien noticed that if any one is stung 

 duriDg any operation with tbe hive, it is some 

 fearful man who is standing "at least two rods 

 from the hive," so u to he out of daoger. If you 

 are very much afraid, don't assume a confidence 

 you do not feel, but attend to your surplus honey 



able to draw something of benefit 

 elusions. In the London Aiji-iaiUural OOMttt, of 

 October 1st, a correspondent wants a change of 

 seed. lie has asked adrice from one of his neigh- 

 bors, who recommends him to go to the north and 

 obtain from a colder climate tbe change he needs; 

 he has asked aootber of his neighbors, and by him 

 he is recommended to go to the southern counties 

 and obtain bis seed where the harvest is Ibree 

 weeks earlier than it is in Scotland. Now, whose 

 recommendation is he to adopt*' 



This is the query, aDd the editor replies as 

 follows :— " Let it, in the first place, be admitted, 

 that a healthy grown, thoroughty ripenend seed is 

 perfect of its kind, and thut, these conditions 

 being fulfilled, it matters nothing whether it be 

 grown on chalk, or clay, or sand. A 'change* 

 from one geological formation to ppotber, or fty 

 One farm to another, Is not, as some setm io think 

 it, necessarily an advantage. But you can obtain 

 healthily grown and thoroughly ripened wheat iu 

 lunty in tbe kingdom, and if, having it, you 

 have thai which is perfect of its 'kind' it is plain 

 that you need not travel for a 'change.' Tbe 

 on, however, is— what of the character of a 

 grain is involved in this term 'kind;' and the 

 t we presume to be— all that it inherited or 

 ransmit. Now nothing is more certain in 

 agricultural experience than that, besides those 

 characters of planls which botaoisls admit as tbe 

 permanent distinctions of species, there are olber 

 habits or features, of greater or leas permanence, 



ch plants acquire by the 

 the cultivator or tbe constant influence of I 

 d climate and which, though capable of 

 n and ultimate ttfti 

 I yet not altogether transient, but will reappear 

 subsequent seasons in greater or less degree 

 according as the circumstances of the localily or 

 a are favorable or otherwise. Thus we doubt 

 iat a 'kind' distinguished for several years 

 good cultivation for extraordinary produc- 

 es wdl be more likely than one of inferior 

 character in this respect to yield well under infe- 

 cultivalion. And the advice which we should 

 offer to our correspondent would be, simply to 

 look out tor seed of 'a sort which has been k 

 for many years to yield most bushels per t 

 good grain. If he 





.ved l 



i of the i: 



) lor 



"There are, however, characters which gn 

 from Sussex and from Aberdeen respectively i 

 likely to briDg with them in addition to the qui 

 tity or quality of the produce; and if a choice 

 must be mode between tbe two it must binge upon 

 the relative value of those characteristics 

 the respective climates of those counties are 



GKOrP OK S11.KS1AN MMI.'IMi 



Orjn. engraving represents a group of Silesian 

 Sheep, owned by Mr. George Campbell, of West 

 Westminster, Vermont, who has the reputation of 

 being a good sbephered and honorable man. Tho' 

 the first import at ion of iSilesiaris into this country 

 was made within tbe past ten years, they have 

 been somewhat widely disseminated, and tbero 

 are now many fine Bocks in this State, Vermont, 

 Ohio, and elsewhere. These have principally 

 sprung from the importations of Messrs. SaNfobd 

 ACavpdell, of Vermont, Wh. Cuajiberlaix, of 

 Dutchess Co., N. Y.. nod Ww. H. Laud, of Jefl'er- 

 sou Co., Ohio. Perhaps we cannot belter give tbe 

 history and characteristics of this breed of sheep, 



i by copying the 



log paragraph from 



riow.\nn, and published in a former volume of tbe 

 Rnuu. Nbw-Tokkbb 



in Marino.— This breed was derived 

 from one hundred ewes and four rams taken from 

 tbe Infaotado Negretti flock in Spain, and carried 



i Pruss 



i Sllei 



■ of tl 



Such, at least, was 

 . been introduced 



into the United States under Ibis name. The first 

 were imported by Wu. R. Sasfobd, and Geo. 

 ClItPSBLL, Of Vermont, in 1651. Other importa- 

 tions have since Been made by Messrs. Cijahber- 

 1-ain, Caupbbll A Laud. It is yet too early to 

 pronounce, positively, aa to what these Silesian 

 Merinos will do in the country, generally, but so 



■ ii tpjw ience with them has gone, we believe 

 it to be highly in their favor. The sheep appear 

 to excel I it, the thick- 



ness of the win! :•<. it >i,,mN nn tlie skin, growing 

 to an uuusuul extent on tbe belly, ond covering 

 f.eiiilv rv.'ry part, giving an uncommon weight 

 of fleece in proportion to the sue of the carcass ; 



d, the fineness of Ihe staple considered in refer- 

 ence to tbe weight of fleece; 3d, the uniform 

 character of the fleece, the wool on tbe belly and 

 thighs approximating, to a remarkable degree, 

 the quality of that on the back; 1th, the fullness, 

 evenness, and elasticity of staple. They have 

 rather small bones, and tbe body is symmetrical. 

 Tile-different animals are quite uniform in Iheir 

 appearance and properties. 



lave encouraged, and as il were imprinted. Is 

 diness aud ability to withstand severity of win- 

 mid spring especially dt-irt-d, tbeo seed from 

 northern county will probably be preferred. 

 Is earliness of ripenirjg desired, then though this 

 probably a less certain character than tbe other, 

 t it is more likely to be found in grain from 

 Sussex than in that from Aberdeen. It is proba- 

 ble that the latter is generally in this country tbe 

 most valuable character of the two, aud that if our 

 correspondent coDnot get what be wants at band 

 be baa ! jelter fl Pr i1 ?' t0 3ome wheut 8 rovvor in ll i? 

 South." 



Cinders tor Pigs. — J. J. atStjHJ, of Triptree 

 Hall, England, has been publish: 



and, a 



--i,i„ 



learned the fact "that pigs are very fond of coal 

 ashes or cinders, and that you cau hardly fat pigs 

 properly on boarded floors without giving them a 

 moderate supply daily, or occm anal)] " He itj 

 "In tbe absence of coal ashes, burned clay or 

 brick-dust is a good substitute. If you do not 

 supply ushes they will gnaw or eat the brick walls 

 of their sheds. I leave to science to explain the 

 cause of this want. It is notorious that coal deal- 

 ers, where pigs have access to the coals, are gene- 

 rally successful pig feeders. Those who find that 

 their pigs, when shut up, do not progress favora- 

 bly will do well to try this plan ; a neighbor of 

 mine found that a score of fat pigs consume quite 

 a basket of burned clay ashes daily ; wc know that 

 there is an abundance of alkali in ashes. I wish 

 some of your practical correspondents would com- 

 municate their experience on this matter, and I 

 also want them to state how many pounds of barley 

 meal it takes to make 1 stone (14 pounds) of 

 pork, not dead weight." 



RoVs.— A valuable rJirco* 

 hops, has jost been ■con 

 cated to the French Academy, 

 tural improvements, it has 

 observations made by a Ii 



v riiunaucd hy 



been tbe result of 



the pistil run in a horizontal 

 ,, ihe pole. Tin- 

 neans of s, low trellis-work of 

 uction. The advantages of this 



grower to investigate the plant 

 and cleanse il from the numeroua 



■otectedfrom the sun. which always destroys 

 the upper shoots; it obviates tbe great destruction 

 of hops in very s'ormy weather, wbei n wind 

 lays low whole hop grounds from the height 

 of the poles; ami, most of all, it ooables the 

 gathering of the cones to take place without 

 uprooting the plani, btoides permitting tho sclec- 

 ;ion of tbe ripest ones ul brut, and preventing the 

 ;real loss which antes from the necessity of tear- 

 rg down the whole plant to get at the ripest 



bloMoma. 



JboWJXC the Same Crop too Optex. — It has 

 ;u a practice on many of tbe light or mixed 

 Is of England, to follow what is called the 



; .-.Hon — 'hut is,— 1st, turnips; %4, 

 barley; :)d, red clover; 4th, v 



be ; 







of i 





a I ■. 



ses adopted in Great Britain 



of the Farmers' Club of London, the aubjeQl 



LO der discussion, as it had been 



found by "a long experience that the frequent 



i of the turnip crop had rendered the land 



unable to produce this crop, even with the most 



liberal aid of artificial manures. Tbe crop grew, 



was not healthy ; the turnips were diseased. 



Some of tbespeskers recommended an application 



of common salt and euano. On the light soils, the 



ialt was found very beneficial; it had a marked 



! Qfng the straw of the grain crops. 



Do clay laud It ^as found to make the soil more 



ullic'iv". end was therefore considered to operate 



Djoriously. 



WINTERING STOCK. 



How to WioterStock on aahort supply of lb raj 

 Mt-ms just now an important question. I can t 

 how a very intimate friend of the Colonel's d 

 last winter, and ferhaps somebody may I 

 better for it. 



This gentleman had a pretty good pile •' 

 stalks, well saved. Hia atock consisted of 

 and bis team of horses, but be bad little etru 

 less hay. lie's a great believer in tbe virl 

 corns talks, and thinks he ki 

 The first thing he did was 

 of Powlerville, one of their 

 it home. Then be fixed 



'tteble for bis cattle. 



r?tjy 



