DEC. 17. 



•wiitus 



MOOEE'S EBft&L ESW-YOREjBft. 



401 



TOrTTlCULT 



lASf W0KD8 FOB 1959. 



One more number complete* ibe present volume 

 of the RctiL but, borticuliurslly, it L* flni^ned 

 with tbe present cumber, for the complete and 

 carefully prepared index, title page, Ac, so valu- 

 able to those who preserve their papers and bind 

 them for future reference and reading, will pre- 

 vent us from occupying any space in the closing 

 paper of the year. We have Dot, however, left 

 much to be mad at the end of the year, preferring 

 to do up oor work promptly, and as well as wc are 

 able, cveiy week. Of tho manner in which this 

 has been done, we leave our readers to judge, 

 simply claiming an honest intention to servo our 

 reader?, to advance the interests of horticulture, 

 to spread and increase knowledge and laste, the 

 love of Ibe beautiful and the true. In this delight- 

 ful work we hope ever to labor, until our country 

 houses shall truly become rural homes, until the 

 lily shall spring up whore once grew the thorn and 

 the briar ; waste hearts as well as waste places be 

 made glnd, and the desert* blossom as the rajse.— 

 We have endeavored to make all our teaching as 

 plain and practical as possible, avoiding all 



ivey v 



it absolutely nee- 

 iofor- 



points more curious than i 

 labored more zealously oi 

 Field of Horticultural Liter 

 the Rural. Occasionally si 



bare been thoui 



tbe r 



we think not more 

 id check fraud and 

 tnd save our readers from becoming 

 f the dishonest and designing, or the 

 i. Truly con we soy we have set 

 it in malice, for we have no private in- 

 ure—the good of our readers is our 



.how 







ers. Foi 

 ; shall b< 



s (kpar 



of the Itiiui. equal, if not superior to anjthin 

 the country as the Amaleur'sCuide and the Il< 

 culturisfa Assistant. With our immense circula- 

 tion, wr.exLV, wo are doing a work for the Horti- 

 culture of the Country, unequal ed by any other 

 journal ; and, we think, therefore, we have a claim 

 upon tbe kind offices of all lovers of Fruits and 

 Flowers, and with confidence call upon all disciples 

 of Flora and Pomona to aid us in extending the 

 circulation and influenceof a work so well calcula- 

 ted for good, as it is at once a Ham>Book fur tbe 

 Farm, the Garden, the Orchard, and tbe Kitciibn : 

 a Companion for the Fibe-Siuk and the Parlor.— 

 Hoping to continue the pleasant acquaintance 



Neiv Year with fresh zeal, and talk more fluently 

 than ever of foliage, fruits and (lowers. 



M.-.M.. 



PRUNING AND TRAINING THE VINE -No. n. 



Editors:— I am constantly receiving 

 eltcrs making inquiries as to the differ 

 s of cultivating and pruning the Vine 

 factory ansv 



The upright shoots are 

 height of the Stake, and ; 



ight shoots a 



uffered to grow to the 



', t.'it ■■ 



eral are required as the v 





9 system appears to be faulty, chiefly in not 

 giving any support to the shoots that spring from 

 the bow, leaving them liable to damage by tbe 



ind, and not effecting equal distribution of leaves 

 fruit, both of which fail together in irregular 



asses, and the fruit is often deprived of its 



oom, which impairs its beauty and flavor. 



Besides picking out tbe laterals, as before 

 directed, shoots that grow from the bow must be 

 stopped, and tbe general practice is to leave but 

 three leaves beyond the last buncb of fruit. If the 

 vine is very vigorous after tbe first stopping, it 

 will again shoot with great strength, and must 

 again be stopped, and even a third time, always at 

 one leaf beyond the previous stopping. No stop- 

 ping is generally required after the last of August. 



It has been thought, and I believe justly, that 

 the single bow system imposes too much restraint 

 upon such thrifty growers n3 the Catawba, This 

 may be easily obviated by growing tbe vines on a 

 trellis, for which plan a German method is shown 

 by lig 4, and it amounts to pretty nearly the same 

 as the double Thomery system. For the double 

 bow system, sec representation, fig. ti. One year 

 more of time is required to bring the vine into full 

 system than by tbe single bow plan, but little or 

 no delay in fruiting, for the upright shoots will 

 have a considerable crop the year before the bows 



To prepare for this method, see lig. 1. Instead 

 of leaving one long shoot for a cane from which to 

 make a bow, cut both sides at two bads, as seen on 

 t be left, and from these growt wo sbootson each side, 

 and at pruning next season cut oil' each pair one to 

 three buds for the spur from which to grow three 

 Upright shoots, and one to eight or ten buds 



Kb* 



t F and F is shown where 

 ut away at pruning, and 

 upright shoots i 



way; 





ltortenbudi 

 Across, in the line 0, aod attached to the upright 

 slakes, may be placed a rod to which the 

 the bearing shoots may be secured, which 



fig, 2 |1|0*S 



the long cane standing which i 

 and also the town forming the spur. On th 

 b lines from z, poi 

 io LhTM bad! on the spur, that arc to moke 

 upright shoots. These upright shoots will 

 b'-'ir three bunches. This is shown at Fig. 3 

 runing, the bow is entirely cut i 

 and also one of (he three shoots, aod that generally 

 tbe weakest, Tbe strongest is cut ab< 

 eighth or tenth bud for the bow, as the cj 

 be, and the remaining one above tbe third bud for 

 tbe spur, with which proceed as before and repro- 

 dtioe Fig. 5, fti this is the system in foil operation. 



systems have from time to time been proposed, 

 but generally not by practical men. The systems 

 leommended have all been tested by long experi- 

 ice. Chab. W. Oram. 



Ions, near Teetsklll, N. T., Dec, 1WC 

 ItsuABKs.— Our readers will receive much in- 

 ruction as well as pleasure from studying the 

 KeMDl sy.V.'.msofpruiimgaadiraiQing the vine, 

 jt the wire trellii plan is the simplest and best 



Inquiries ant) Answers. 



Wituerxd Peaobxh— I have a large orct 

 portion of the uees, drtBd op before ripe, and a 

 'II Is a riL'U landy loam.— Q, C. Cqolet, Af<. 



ened from soi 



affected, the I 

 levere cases, t 

 vitbers and i 

 rees, you will 

 f controllable 

 nay follow th< 



ere undoubtedly diseased, or weak- 

 le cause, and therefore unable to 



ruitwill prematurely ripen, but in 

 ae growth is Btopped, and the fruit 

 ties. Perhaps, by examining your 

 be able to ascertain the cause, and, 

 , apply a remedy, otherwise they 



OUSB.-W1U some of your con 

 it grapes are beet adapted to i 

 »hat age the vines oustat to b 



Good atrong plants one year old are the t 



md ■ 





t of t 



The following varieties are desirable :— Wilinoi' 

 Black Hamburgh, OrizHy Frontignan, Pilmastou 

 While Cluster, Sweetwater, Zinfinda], Royal 

 Mnscadine, Black Prince, Syrian, Black Ham- 

 burgh, Block Frontignan, White Frontignan, 

 Decons Superb. 



A common coal stove is of great advantage in a 

 cold vinery in our cold and changeable climute, 

 and is little trouble and little expense. We fre- 

 quently find in Spring after the vines have started 

 their growth, that we are liable to have a sneces- 



a week, which affects the vines, and sometimes 

 proves detrimental, unless some counter agent is 

 employed to exclude the cold arid damp. Tbe 

 same also is the case in the Fall. It may not be 



' Ihe i 



i the 



; i.l" u 



.'. advantage in faming 

 the grapes, as in cold, damp weather they w 

 quickly after becoming ripe, unless a little t 

 given to dry them off. We do not say that a 

 is necessary, but we do say that its use is 

 ble. By the aid c 

 !, the following varieties may be ripened in 



> 'ht ll;[ :iln.i|-t 



Bow 



,Mu: 



FnriT Gbowkbs' Societv or Western New 

 York— The Annual JTttti,, <j of the Fruit Growers' 

 Society of Western New York will be held at the 

 Court House, Rochester, on Wednesday, the ■itb 

 day of January, at 10 o'clock in the forenoon 

 The officers for the coming year will be elected 

 and questions of interest to the Fruit Growers o 

 tbe country discussed. A show of winter frui 1 

 will also be made, and members are requested t< 

 bring specimens for exhibition. These wintei 

 meetings are both interesting and profitable, and 

 are well attended by tbe most intelligent I'm 

 section of tbe State. 



scircc'y needs exph 



4 with the Thomery 

 Two bearing 



and as soon as long enough they 

 wire above, and the upper slu 

 system are fastened at tbe uppe 

 that snpports the 



plan is a very good one, and equal to any double 

 system for simplicity. At tig. i is shown apian 

 which is admirable for 



objectionable — too much perpendicular length of 

 each standard covered with bearing wood. Five 

 courses of bearing shoots spring from each side of 

 four sub-standards, one of which is shown with its 

 three bunches on second wire. Tbe objection to 

 thi tendency of strength upward is so 

 great ihut tbe lower bearing shoots will, soon after 

 the upper one* begin to bear, cease to ripen their 

 sequcotly the lower portiouB of them 

 aked. That objection is obviated in 

 &g- Ik A great variety of renewal 



..i; b,:.,m 



opOrecox— Th 

 of tbe Oregon Farmer gives ai 

 the Second Annual Meeting of th 

 Oregon Fruit Growers' Association, which wa 

 held at Salem, October 5th and (Ub. The Arm 

 says the display of fruit was universally concede* 

 to be very fine and very extensive, though aeHbt 

 the attendance or display was as large 



large crop of fall fruit. 





-Tbe December 



Tae IIORTlCCLTLRIf 



of the JlorticuUuritt contains a card from . 



stating that bis connection with 



jurnal as its editor had ceased. The publishei 



oticiog tbe fact, speaks of the advance in 11. 



t of the Hotti 



itis still to rec 



THE PINNEO, OR BOSTON PEAR, 



Eastern pipers in regard to tbe 

 F v. This pear, it appears, orlf 

 Connecticut aboat a hundred ] 

 fxrm of Deacon Pinsbo, and woj 

 sively cultivated in list Slate. 



me of the, 



fruit 



market by the Com 



I hai i 



une by which it is generally 

 :ion where roost grown. Mr. 

 saw it in Boston about twenty 

 vus being sold as tbe Yirgalicu, 

 Lred scions from Connecticut, 

 xhibited tbe fruit, and named 



Its 



HO VI! 



'!<, bill 



propagated trees 



[ttbeActmpMi 



no information as to its origin, althou 

 have learned the facts when procuring 

 exhibited it at the shows of the Massachusetts 

 Horticultural Society as *' a new native pear," and 

 edforit a premium of ?fi. In 1954 s 

 gratuity of (20 waa awarded "to HovavACo., foi 

 heir new nn'ive pear," though from a report of a 

 committee afterwards appointed to examine into 

 he justice and regularity of this award, it seem? 

 hat it was done by a minority of tbe committee, 

 nd at the urgent solicitation of interested parties, 





of c 



Singly i 



, after remaining 



mended and passed. 



!,<<] :■:!.. in. .1 ■. . I ,i,l, ,| 



trees of this celebrated Jtm 

 ised and sold at $5 each, h 



began to produce f 



growers in Connecticut to be the sair.c as their 

 inneo, and tbey objected to tbe change of its 

 Line. Tbe subject was discussed at the last 

 eeting of the American Pt>mo!t»jical SoeUty, and 

 was resolved that hereafter it should be known 

 ' its original name, the Pinntc t and under that 

 une was recommended as promising well. This 

 tbe highest Poinological authority in the country, 

 id its decisions should bo respected, at least by 

 i own members, but this decision Mr. Hovitv 

 eats with contempt, and this reason has, it is 



stated, placed the Pinneo pear upon tbe tables of 



the Massachusetts Horticultural Society, labelled 

 lis own hand, "Boston." 



Trim 





noplai 



made 



rrifilioty r 



Is, charging the Society with c 

 latter of puffing an old fruit 

 pear," a committee was appointed to inves- 

 tbe charge, and report to tbe Society. The 

 following is the main part of the report 



l up topablic odium 

 e repealed aw 



■//.„ J//V'.'x // 



ml-r.-i.n-sw.liuK i 

 ii, K din pulilic, 1 







° C * y ' BAMU 



B. V. FIlENCli, 

 The report waa rejected after a warm discussi 

 by the casting vote of the President, Tbe Sei 

 tary, as usual, had entered the Keport upon his 

 record, as a part of tbe proceedings of 



. wn.M.i;. 



; but i 





did not satisfy those who were disposed to smother 

 the truth, and it was voted that " ibis report not 

 having been accepted, and it being the opinion 

 the Society that no report should be recorded 

 until accepted, tbe record of this report is hereby 

 cancelled." This looks wonderfully like small 

 business, and while we have no personal intei 

 or feeling in the matter, we love upright, 

 dealing and despise everything like decepti 

 whether in societies or individuals. 



A DESTRUCTIVE GRDB. 



Eos. 



L NLW-Y0Rh. 



-, Hi 



time since, I noticed a description of the A 

 Tree Borer, which is decidedly a hard enen 

 contend with. Your description, I think, ti 

 from the grub which infests the trees here, 

 fruit and forest trees. The grub most injui 

 here is about three-quarters of an inch long, : 

 der, JUL bo'ly, jointed, with a large, Hat 1 

 which it seems to work from side to side, v 

 ascending. You will readily perceive their w 

 as tbe bark turns dark and dents to the wooc 

 have traced them with a sharp knife from tw 

 to eighteen inches before finding tbe grub, 

 the maple trees, transplanted from the for« 

 have found them, la my Mountain Ash and H 

 Chestnut. 

 Why is it that trees brought from the Roc 



borer than b u 

 scarcely had a tn 

 while my seedlings 



-""-''■ 



Rochester escape tin 



arely attacked. My 



aandyloam, under a very good si 



— SlD-i-EILl '. . ■' 



W BsVib: ^jfiUdiUeV 



COLORING RECIPES, MOTHER'S PITDDrNG, 



Eos. Rous. Siw.Yomm:-! saw in your pa] 

 few weeks since an inquiiv t* tbneftevt . — " H 

 in woolen goods be colored drab or stone col 

 ) that they will not fade?" I jend von a reci 

 and if you see fit to publish it, I think it n 

 completely tbe question proposed. 

 -e — Take half a bushel of white oak ba 



I'-.i! i 





:trect the strength from tbe bark, .train nnd add 

 tbe fluid two tabic spoonfuls of OOppefU, or a 

 ifficient quantity to set the color. Boil five 

 inutcs. This will color woolen or cotton ^nods. 

 To Color Children's Flannel or Silks Pbi- 

 ,e.— Toke one ounce of cudbear to a pound of 

 innel. Boil tbe cudbear in rain water, in a brass 

 kettle, five minutes. Wet the flannel in soap suds 

 it it in the dye. Kesp stirring until it bos 

 boiled lire minutes — hang it iu tbe shade to dry. 

 reeziug will not hurt it. 



Motsbb's PinniM..— Five eggs; 1 quart sweet 



ilk . 3 teacupfuls of Dour and a liltle salt; beat 



the whites of the eggs to a stiff froth: bent the 



in flour after, uddinp a luoupful 01 milk, to 



Liter add a quart of milk; and, lastly, add 



the whites. Bant well, and bak< thirty muilltas, 



tthe 



e. — To one quart of tbi 

 it three pounds of sugar, and add water sul 

 make a gallon. After fermenting with i 

 ust, and it has become clear, bottle it. 



Cum 



i of yo. 



Michigan 



respondent, as to what was good for ■ hilblainl, 



Having waited some lime to hear those who bad 



ything to oiler, u lady correspondent bos rec- 



amended suet skins as excellent. Now, as I 



hove been troubled all my life with chilblains, and 



i tried suet r-kiusand every other prescription 



,ild hear of for fifty years, without being bon- 



fited, I will give, for the benefit of all whom it 



my remedy, which is this:— Good 



camphor, say 2 ox. of gum to one pint of good 



; keep the feet clean by washing in hot 



the hotter the better; then moisten the 



feet well with tho camphor, by putting it into the 



bing it well over tbe affected parts, 



and dry it iu by a warm fire. 



fbile my hand is in I will give you uuotber 

 pe equolly as good as the other: 1 pt. alco- 

 hol ; "i ox. aqua ammonia ; •-' ox. spirits turpentine; 

 oil put into a bottle together. Apply tbe same as 

 the other. This is only the third winter since t 

 been able to wear boots the size of my feet, 

 ccmint of chilblains. Now I am cured.— 

 B Hlltinu, ratfirilh, }'att* Co, N, Y. 



Simple Crne for Crocp— We find iu luaj&or- 

 rfiB of Health, the following simple remedy for 

 this dangerous disease, Those who have passed 

 nights of agony at the bedside of loved children, 

 will treasure it up as a valuable piece of informa- 

 ti 0D : — If q child is taken with croup, apply cold 

 water— ice- water if possible— suddenly and freely 

 sponge. The breath- 



ing will instantly be 

 let the sufferer drink c 



will relieve the parent' 



in thank fi 



the pure gushing foul 



i as it can, then wipe 



soon a quiet slumber 



ity, and lead tbe heart 



tbe Power which has given to 



such i 



.1 qualities. 



bull' p 



( ul I: 



strain both into some strong suds, made o 

 soap and cold roin water, then immerse th* 

 and handle it briskly a few minutes so as to 

 a good lather from the soap, and hang up wl 

 wringing. When tiro thirds dry iron on then 

 side, passing the iron quickly and but onen 



Mil-. Ni. 



IttQUlBms.— Will M. F. W. tell uj how much 

 water to use to whiten 100 founds lardr Also, 

 whether the lard is to be boiled after it is rendeied, 

 or is the water to he put into the lard aod boiled 

 away during the process of rendering? How 

 much potash will it require to make the ///• the 

 proper strength'; 

 respondents give a 



John, Nor- 



Mai...- . 

 making sausages, 1 would 1 

 ing recipe inserted iu the Hunac, .. ><■ v- c „ v , ... 

 this neighborhood, have tried for several years v- 

 Forty pounds of meat ; one pound of salt ; three 

 ox. pepper; half pint of sage, pulverized. Some 

 add a little summer savory.— A. Willson, Mar- 

 cMut Onon. 00., iY >'.. 16&3- 



itato Brba». — I5r.il and peel a do/en mealy 

 toes, rub them through a sieve, mix them 

 jughly with twice tbe quantity of flour or 

 , add sufficient water to make a dough of 

 ordinary consistence, ferment in the usual 

 with bop or potato yeast, and babe in a rntber 



CuiSTALLi/ixt. QusMfl Dirreii> I 

 Having observed tbe process of erystaUiiini 

 grasses in the columns of the Rni.t, I «'*'' * 

 inquire the beU prottai of crvaUllninjJ then 

 various color*.-,). C. r 



CoLoai.M. I i 

 coloring flannel n.l, and cotton j/j 

 your valuable paper for 



ecipefor 

 app 

 information,— Js: 



2^2 



;«523S^$J 



