MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 



SEPTEMBER 4. 



There is a ratchet on one end of the axle which 

 holds it firmly at any desired point. 



When the bucket is let down to the water the 

 valve in the bottom open., and the bucket is in- 

 euntly filled, without Uppiog. Von wind up. and 

 the weight of the water thinly closes tbe valve, and 

 yon are enabled \° bring the backet up till the 

 book on the spout catchei it, tips it. and throws its 

 content* into the spout. 



The object of having two ropes Is to steady the 

 bucket. I bBve ™ed this plan over five years, and 

 would not change it for any pump 1 



dtffici 



Hop- 



ing this may meet with your approval, and be of 

 use to yonr thousands of readers, I subscribe my- 

 ■elf, as ever, a friend to the Rural. 



Messrs. Eds. :— Having read a Dumber of articles 

 in yonr valuable paper, on tbe "absorbent power 

 of soils,'' and having noticed lately in the N. Y. 

 JWowift the remarks of "8. W., of Seneca Co.," 

 before the American Farmers' Club of New York 

 city, alluding to tbia subject, ant), differing with 

 him I thought that my opinion, founded on ex- 

 perience, might be of Interest to the renders of the 

 Rural. I foimerly was of the opinion that ma- 

 nures should be applied to tbe soil before decom- 

 position bad taken plate to any great extent, think- 

 iog that the only loss to be guarded against was 

 by evaporation, consequently the manure should 

 be turned under before it had become much rotted, 

 spreading it as turned oDder, so that none of tbe 

 essential properties should be lost. & W., above 

 referred to, says, " if you can keep manure from 

 going op, you may let it go down as much ag it 

 will." On the contrary, I would say if yon can keep 

 manure from going down you may let it go up as 

 much aa it will In proof he says, further, that 

 "water will always run clear, from tile drains." — 

 This is unquestionably bo ; but, because water runs 

 clear from tile drains, therefore cleansing itself 

 from all imparities, by leaching through the earth; 

 however foul and filthy it may be on the surface— 

 yet in practice it does not hold true that the most 

 essential properties of manure do not leach down 

 beyond the reach of the roots of the plant I tup- 

 pose that sand and fioe gravel makes the beat filler; 

 that water filtered through such soils is the most 





that each i 



barren— that it is only by constant manuring and 

 nursing such soils that we can get good crops. A 

 good, thorough application of manure on clayey 

 or clay loam soils, will render such soils productive 

 long after a like application on loose, sandy soils 

 has ceased to perceptibly affect the crop. I have 

 always advocated deep plowing, and one of the 

 strongest arguments in favor of the practice, is 

 that it not only makes a deeper soil, for the roots 

 of plants to spread and extend themselves— there- 

 by absorbing a greater amount of food for the 

 plant— but it brings to the surface, and within 

 reach of the plant, the leaohinga of centuries of 

 decomposed vegetable matter and the mannr 

 that have been applied. 



My practice for years has been to leave the n 

 nure as near the surface as I can, and have it cc 

 ered, or thoroughly mixed with the soil. My pi 

 is this:— I draw my manure when 





PREVENTING DROTJTHS-A NOVEL THEORY. 





i.p.rtai 



i family a. the fall c 



that a circumstance of 

 the well being of the hum 



t'of more experiment* by philosophers and 

 teorologists, than it has ever yet received. 

 iutv.-rin.e. as we now are, from a destructive 

 )uth, Ibe discussion of the above subject wo^ld 

 interesting, if not profitable. The idea of man- 

 ufaclurlog thuudersbosverswill be looked opon as 

 chimerical by some, and blasphemous by others; 

 ily believe the IhiDg may be done. To 

 » I did last night, the rapid formation and 

 equally rapid dispersion of thunder oloude, very 

 ggesta tbe idea that the operating 

 t eo great as to be beyond tbe power 

 of Imitation by human skill and sagacity. 



With HrjOB Miller, I believe the physical world 

 not yet completed; and that it was designed, in 

 e cieation of man, that be bhould be a coworker 

 tb Deity in perfecting the physical, as well 88 the 

 moral world. And surely, nothing would conduce 

 that end than to be able to cause and con- 

 trol the fall of rain upon onr famishing fields and 

 extensive pi lins made steille by want of water. 

 We have never yet been 

 eet with a theory which es 

 jn, all the phei 



of silver. The conducting power of the pile as 

 bos constructed, being ascertained, the pnper 

 trips were removed, and the silver Btrips pressed 



Into close contact between two blocks of varnished 

 ood. The conducting power remained the same. 



I recommended simply tacking the snips together 



(the ends being overlapped,) for the following 





We are told, i 



lightning is 

 loud pos- 



by electricity pacing from 

 itively, to another negatively electrified; and that 

 thunder is the resulting consequence. But I have 

 never jet been told how, under apparently the same 

 circumstances and conditions, one cloud becomes 

 positively, and another negatively eleottified. In- 

 deed, we know there is yet much to be learned on 

 the subject of eleotrloity. It 1b not unlikely, that 

 what we call empty spaoe, is an ocean of electri- 

 city, binding In telegraphic sympathy Buns, planet* 



After IheBe preliminary remarks, I will proceed 

 to give as briefly as possible, my plan for produc- 

 ing rain. In the first place, have a balloon of a 

 lifting power sufficient for the purpose; then con- 

 struct a bundle of copper wires, from one and a 

 half to two miles long; let the upper ends of the 

 wires be properly shaped and prepared as conduc- 

 tors, and surround the balloon with them, lettlDg 

 the pointi 



rill a 



for 1 



The cord, or bundle o 

 i of convenience, shculd be ■ 



el, and the lower end of t 



. ■■■ ■ 



and put it in large, compact piles, on. or near the 

 ground where I wish to apply iL I leave it until 

 just before planting my corn, or, if applfed to 

 mer-fallow, or where I wish to aow wheat, 

 two or three weeks before sowing my wheat I 

 then draw it out and spread evenly over the sur 

 face of the ground. I then take gang-plowe— 

 which are well adapted to the purpose — and plo* 

 the manure under, from three to four inches deep 

 let it lay a few days, take my harrow and thoroughly 

 mix with the soil, and if I drill in my wheat, I give 

 itanother gang-plowing and dragging before drill- 

 ing, in order to get a fine tilth. If tbe land be a 

 clay the manure has a tendency to ameliorate the 

 natural tenacity of the soil, thereby Becuring the 

 quick and healthy growth of tbe wheat plan 

 Any farmer that has any thisg to do will 

 land knows, if you can get a good, thrifty growth 

 in the fall, that such lands are the best wheat 

 laudB we have. I have found that in lands tho- 

 roughly manured, and treated in the manner above 

 described, the benefit arising therefrom is plainly 

 to be seen for years; whereas, if plowed under to 

 the depth of seven or nine inches and suffered to 

 remain there— if it was a stiff clay soil— little if 

 any benefit would redound to the crop that follow- 

 ed the application. If such applications were 

 continued for a few year?, you would find the soil 

 very much improved, but its effect* would not be 

 a* perceptible to each crop that followed the appli- 

 cation ae a surface dressing, evenly mixed with the 

 surface soil I would ask if manures lose so much 

 by evaporation as Mr. S. W. would seem to infer? 

 Why is it that composted or rotted manures spread 

 on the surface of clay soils without being mixed 

 with the soil are productive of more good to the 

 crop that follows, than il plowed under deep, with 

 a common plow? In fact the stiffness, or tenacity 

 of the soil seems to be ameliorated far more than 

 if it were turned under deep, In a decomposed 

 state. Should I plow under manure on a still soil, 

 I would wish it to be nnrotted — in fact, as coarse 

 a* I could get it under — for the tendency wonld be 

 more to keep the soil loose and porous, than to 

 materially enrich it for that crop. So you see that 

 in practice, I am opposed to deep applications of 

 manure*, and, at the same time, I do not advise a 

 top-dressing; without thoroughly mixing with the 

 surface soil, in no cose would I plow manure un- 

 der eight or nine Inches deep if composlcd or rot- 

 ted. I do not believe that mannreB lose much of 

 their essential properties by "going up," aa S. W. 

 / by the toil 



Thus arranged, let the balloon ascend, and when 

 it is at a sufficient height, (If my theory is good,] 

 the wires will commence conducting off streams ol 

 electr tui ty from the atmosphere in the region ol 

 clouds, causing a condensation of vapor, and form- 

 ing a cloud, from which rain would he immediately 

 precipitated. A cloud thu3 formed, would be a 

 nucleus around which the forming process would 

 continue until a Urge scope of cuuntry would be 

 overcast with clouds, as in ordinary rains. Show* 

 erH produced in this way would not be attended 

 with lightuiog and thunder, and, probably, noi 



Observation teaches us, that when a trs 

 country becomes very dry, it seema to repel c 

 sipate clouds oa they rise over it; and the prospect 

 of rain is nearly (perhaps I should eay entirely,) 

 bopekee , nutil a brisk wind springs up, thus bring- 

 ing over the country, from other and more favored 

 parts, a more humid and better conducting a 

 phere. 



Perhaps I should before have said that ray theory 

 etandB npon the assumption, that a portion of at- 

 mosphere in contact with very dry earth becomes 

 completely a non conducting medium, thuB pre- 

 venting any electricity passing from the clouds to 

 the earth, and consequently preventing a conden- 

 sation of vapor buOicient to cause a fall of rain. 



The above theory may be very absurd; but I am 

 sure nothing but actual experiment can refute it 

 0. J. Phelps. 



Rem ares.— In these days of Atlantic Telegraphs 

 will hardly answer to scout tbe ideas of any indi- 

 vidual, hence the space given to the foregoing 

 ugly chimerical proposition?. The essump- 

 f Mr. Pbblfp, " that a portion of atmosphere 

 itact with very dry earth becomes completely 

 l-conducting medium, thus preventing any 

 electricity passing from the clouds to the enrlh, 

 lonsequeutly preventing a condensation of 

 vapor eufliclent to cause a fall of rain," may be ad- 

 1 aa true, yet the balloon and conducting 

 rods, aa proposed by Mr. P., may defeat the very 

 object he desires to attain. He must have a proper 

 atmospheric condition else the electricity may go 

 place of down, and thus prolong instead of al- 

 leviating (be drouth. Will Mr. Phelps give bonds 

 i make the matter woree? However, the sub- 

 i worthy of discussion, and is thrown out for 

 the purpose of eliciting tbe ideas of thoBe who 

 have devoted time to the study of this Bubble ele- 



sumed too much groin for their future benefit 

 their conveniences for wallowing in plenty of dirt 

 were middling go jd. I bhould consider It a fruit- 

 less task to attempt to make a wool-growing com- 

 munity believe that my sheep sheared ai heavy 

 fleeces of clean tooot as come particular men report 

 their sheep to shear, fed only on hay and grata. 



, The same plan has been used by able elec- 



ans to convey the current from a distant bat- 



into their laboratory, it being convenient to 



have the battery out of doors to avoid the fumes. 



3d, It is the method adopted in the BrltUb navy 



by Sir W. Show Harris, and has never beenknowu 



to fail, 



It is obvious that the longer the lap the greater 

 the security. The word " dismeter," for which in 

 your note you correctly substitute tblcUuess, waj 

 an oversight on my part. j. p. 



BUILDING CISTERNS. 



Messrs. Editors:— I observed in the Rural of 

 the 26th June, a communication by J. Vakob, of 

 Bilk Valley, Pa,, on this subject, aud am heartily 

 glad to hear that any one will talk op the impor- 

 tance and means of obtaining large supplies of 

 rain-water; one of the moBt desirable appendages 

 to a household, for all family uses. It Is truly sur- 

 prising, so many people will spend large sums of 

 money in digging well-, with the uncertainties of 

 obtaining water, except eecond-rate, (if any) par- 

 ticnlatly in limestone sections of country, when 

 if the money thna used had been invested in mak- 

 ing large cisterns, to contain the floods of clear rain- 

 water that annually poor off the houses, they would 

 be so much better Bert>ed evory way. 



While Lis plan must result in having a very good 

 cistern, it seemed to me (not exactly ambiguous,) 

 rather complex in detail. There appears to be 

 considerable engineering, so to Bpeak, in getting 

 it completed; so, I would suggest a plan, too, 

 by which one may he more readily made, and an- 

 swer en excellent pjrpu^c 



Dig a hole the diameter and depth desired, (and 

 don't make a small oue.) then eighteen incheB from 

 the edge, commence and dig down all around, some 

 eighteen inches deep. In this space build up with 

 stone, laid in water lime, for the purpose of form- 

 out, avoiding the tendency, 

 in. In this stone work in- 

 s pieces,— upon which you 

 the cljtern — theee pieces 

 e from the top, sufficient to 

 allow the covering to prevent the plastering from 

 Ireezing. The woik of pkh'ering may now be 

 commenced, and completed tbe usual way, always 

 using clean aud coarse sand, and let it be thor- 

 oughly dry before letting the [water in. It is well, 

 where it can be obtained, to finish with a coat of 

 Rosendale Cement, as it prevents much of the 

 hardness of the water, observable when lime alone 



The curb, water pipe, and ihlet will be located 

 at pleasure, the usual way; reebmmending also, to 

 continue the conductor pipe from the roof into 

 the cistern within a foot of th* bottom, placeing 

 aflat stone where the dischargt is, to prevent tbe 

 wear on the cement; thus the fresh water is taken 

 in at the bottom, and the waste pipe being et the 

 top, the water is less liable to become impure by 

 standing inactive. The pipe e»tering the cistern 

 should be made of zinc, it beingless liable than tin 

 bo oxjdize or rust ont 



It is very desirable to so plftcj tbe cistern that a 

 pipe from near the bottom can be taken into tbe 

 cellar, where, having a large fau<c\ the water can be 

 easily applied to a properly constructed portable 

 iter filter, thus securing theimont healthy, the 

 purest and BweeteBt of water, fir ail culinary and 

 drinking purposes. 

 This method is recommendld from long 

 •rience, as the cheapest, and more conven 

 an the plan of making a cistcrt- filter, adopted by 

 une. Tbe latter answer a vcr» good purpose if 

 properly made, but the obji 

 and expense of making, alst 



mouth of the spac 

 from any cao.se, tt 

 Bert your joists o 

 will plank and < 



should be a footc 



for the gt Out), ojn 



tbyb 

 t a depth i „ff OT 



and close 



a period of over fifteen year*, i bate "formed the 

 above opinions, which 1 cauld substantiate by vari 

 ous experiments, tried at various times, on different 

 crops, and different soils. Knowing short articles 

 are preferred, I will close this common I caii„ D and 

 if desirable, wlll'at some future .time give you the 

 result of my experiments. w. q. m 



LIGHTNING RODS, AGAIN. 



Messrs. Ens-:— In your note appended tu the 

 article on Lightning Rods, inserted in the Rural 

 of the 28th ult, you state truly, that it is a common 

 belief that tbe conduction of electricity iu the 

 same metal depends upon the surface. This com- 

 mon error has arisen from confounding Static and 

 Dynamic Electricity, or, to use plainer language, 

 Electricity in motion and Electricity at rest The 

 experiments of the solid and hollow roda prove 

 nothing Id relation to this matter, for, in the case of 

 the tube, the surface was nearly doubled while the 

 section was greatly redaced, end consequently, an 

 equality of conducting powex in both esses showB 

 that neither conductor was taxed to near its limits 

 —without which It would be impossible to obtain 

 even comparative data. 



The experiment by which Pouillet decided 





1 the r 



idiog tbe conducting power of a 

 round rod or wire, ho flattened it bo as to retain 

 tbe same Bection, while the surface was greatly In- 

 creased. The conducting power remained the 

 same, thna proving the truth of my first proposition. 

 Another experiment, devised by myself, consist 

 ed in placing ten strips oi thin silver leaf in a plli 

 with strips of paper interposed between each strip 



standing in ai 



unduly exhausted,— and finally ne trouble and 

 penae of re-pat 



in is lect'setiry for daily 

 lessplie nnd perfect by 

 state-then there is 



CROPS IN STARK Cd, OHIO. 



kt. — The wheat crop has stflV-red immensely 

 and weevil. Wheat on tie upland has suf- 

 fered the least. The opinion ofour best farmers 

 I?, that there will be about thee quarters of 

 crop this year. The wheat best adapted to thi 

 and adjoining counties, is the lediterraneon— 

 requires u peck or a half a bashd more of seed 

 the acre. 



Rye.— Rye is tolerably good thl year. I noticed 

 a piece this harvest that had be« entirely ruin 

 by the weevil— something veryaingular for t 

 locality. 



Barley.— This crop is very giod. but it is i 

 profitable as will appear by the aicexed prices. 



Cobn.— The crop this year fcas promlbing 



i 1855. 



y the 



Oats. — This crop also 



ing it to fall bo flat that we bad t- m 



Potatoes look exceedingly vtll. 



Markets— Wheat, Red, OOcts; White, $1,00 per 

 bushel. Rye, 60cti Parley, 2ocb. Coi 

 Oats, 25 ota. 



, T. J. RoAcn. 



FLEEC3. 



LARGE 



Editors Rural:— Noticing otasioually in th( 

 oolumns of the Rural-, weights ojheavy fleeces ol 

 wool— reports of sheep shcari«j festivals, ic, 

 therefore, I seod you the result d the shearing of 

 a small flook of my own, un foUop: 



One Yearling Buck of tblrteentnonths growth, 

 weight of fleece, 23 lbs; weight S carooss, 76 lbs. 

 Also, a flock of ten Bucks, sumelge 

 Average weight of fleece, W 111 4oz.; average 

 weight of carcass, 72 lbs 



Unlike Mr. Taft, I rami It disltotly understood 

 that the sheep that sheared the iove weights of 

 flecceB were heavily grained,— plbaps they 



CONDENSED COBRESPONDESCE. 



Whsat. Corn akd Potatoes in Ools Co., Ill— 

 correspondent of the Rcbal (E. J.) writing from 

 Oregon, III , says;— " The wheat orop in this Beotlon 

 is very poor— some fields yield about 31 buBhela 

 per acre. The corn crop promises to be superior. 

 Potatoes are but middling, end tbe rot Is beginning 

 to manifest itself. Ogle county holds her Annual 

 Pair, at Oregon, on the 5th, Cth, and 7th of October. 



TO I'RBVEKT MC6QCITOE3 BlTlKQ, — B. ROOKBS, 



of Scotlsvllle, osks, " what will prevent musqulloea 

 biting?" I have always found the application ol 

 the spirits of camphor a sore preventive. I hope, 

 Mr. Editor, as you are laboring to benefit others, 

 you, yourself, may be benefited by this simple 

 piece of Information, and for tbe future make no 

 unmeeeisfat attempts to rid yourself of those trou- 

 blesome insects.— A Hodsbwifb, Herkimer, N, Y. 



How to Kill Live-For-Evsb.— I have noticed, 

 In the Rubal, an Inquiry of the above import I 

 will give you our experience. We have a three- 

 acre lot, of good soil, that, twenty years ago, was 

 literally covered with this pat, We used to plow, 

 plant, and sow it in turn with the other lota — 

 carting off loads and loads of the roots; but stock 



It doi 



l-il < 



t last y 



Suit, c 



ill kill almost anything. We sprinkled fine 

 . the branches freely, letting tbe sheep snd 

 it of the stock Cat of it what they would, 

 old brine and all refuse salt, and it entirely 

 disappeared. We have plowed the lot since, but 



there 



death. Don't mow i 

 drops will make a 

 Milton, Conn., 1858. 



V.V B 





INQUIRIES AND ANSWERS. 



et. — I would like to In- 



I there isasuWkuf.' im 

 -Mns. M. J. W,, IIV,;- 



Btmrivo Potatoes. — I wish 



method of burying potatoes to preservt 



Will any one who 



been afflicted 

 han.1. By >. 



n Horsks-— A four year old colt has 

 worked 



ug the < 



the ,. 



greatly oblige— A Scbsci 



The query of "A Subscriber," is rather in- 

 definite, but we infer that the friction of the collar 

 produced excoriation. New horses are very liable 

 to have the skin injured by the harness— it is 

 tender, and a little matter exposes the quick. — 

 Prevention is better than cure, and this depends 

 upon the driver. As a proventive, after every 

 journey the neck should be closely examined. If 

 there be any spot, however little abraded, hot and 

 tender, when pinched, that part of the collar which 

 produced it, should be cot out before 

 journey. The guard or Bafe, is a useful 

 prevent galls of this kind. It is merely a thin slip 

 of soft leather, covering the seat of tbe oollar. It 

 obviates friction, and prevents injurious pressure 

 from any little protuberance or hardness 

 etuffiug of the collar. On tbe first or 



somewhat inflamed; it is hot tender, and covered 

 with pimples. In the stables it is said to be fired. 

 A solution of common salt in water is usually ap 

 plied, and it serves to allay the inflammation; it 

 should be applied whenever the collar is removed. 

 Tumors, coutaing bloody water, frequently rise on 

 the neck. They should be opened immediately, 

 emptied, aud kopt open for a few days. The 

 piece should be taken out of the collar, and a safe 

 used. As a preventive we know of nothing better 

 than frequent bathing of the neck in a solution of 

 whiskey and alum— aa much alum being put in 

 the liquid sb it will dissolve— and this, when per- 

 sisted in, wo have known to actually cure the worsl 

 esses, even when the animal has been kept It 

 continued service. 



JmwI tytitMm. 



Wheat a*d Chess -Keep cool, re*d er excitable 

 or we do not purpoas to agitate the lubjeotof 

 ranamntation scfiidently to open a V tm x and 

 mproutable discussion. The N. Y. Tribune aaxa- 



Mr. John Carpenter, of Raiusville, Ind„ eends 

 is a flue, plump head of Wheat with a Chess gi 0W - 

 egoutof oneeldeof it." Though honestly made 

 ve doubt the correctness of this assertion, and will 

 (iveareaaonwhy we disbelieve. Two or three jean 

 igo two heads of wheat were sent as from different 

 localities, presenting every appearance, at first 

 light of having "chesa growing ont of tbe Bides" 

 of them ; but on close Inspection it was found that 

 the wheat and chees did not grril , together, though 

 . were so closely atUohed as to deceive those 

 willing to believe without critical examination. 

 Accounts of these were published in the Rural ai 

 the time. In one ca^c the ettmplo had Wen pie- 

 vlously shown by Judge Wmonr, of Iiondequolt 

 to the editor of one of our daily papers, wftreupon 

 it published to the world that tbe long mooted 

 question was settled I We soon convinced Judge 

 \V,, however, that the aunouDcement waa pinm* 

 lute, albeit himself, the editor afoic^uid, and many 

 others who bad seen the curiosity, bad Bnpposed 

 there was no doubt on the subject Now, we sus- 

 pect that the Tribune man hoa been deceived or 

 "sold" in a similar manner; at least we will give 

 him a newbeaver if he will show ns (or send to the 

 next N. Y. Btate Fair, at our expense,) a bead of 

 wheat with genuine chees "growing out of one 

 side of it" 



Titu Cotton Csor.— Under date of Aug. 17, Dr. 

 M. W. Phillips, an extensive planter, of Hinds 

 Co., Miss., writes aa follows:— "This has been an 

 awMyearfor the Cotton Planters— overflow, lains 

 and worms, with no prospect for the better. Rains 

 every day, when we need all the clear sunshine and 

 dry weather possible. Well, it is bo, and we should 

 be content to believe all will be well. Notwith- 

 standing all these backsets, wo have a goodly 

 country, a noble country, and much cotton will ba 

 made. I put the figures at 2,5CO,000 beles, not to 

 exceed 2,750.000, and at a value of S 1 25,00O,OC0. I 

 think from Memphis to New Orleans is the most 

 desirable country on earth, and that the leading 

 agricultural spirit can see more than anywhere 

 else to elevate, expand, aud give a true feeliog of 

 the greatness of our land and nation, I would 

 like to have all your Northern leading egrical- 

 turlBta visit this country." 



— Dr. P. will accept our acknowledgments for 

 the kind invitation aud offer of hospitality, which 

 accompanied the above — and our regrets that we 

 cannot yet 3wbile visit him and the rich region of 

 country to which he alludes. 



: Cattle for Mass. — A late number 

 ae Ayrshire Express, published in Ayr, Scot- 

 , makes the following announcement: — "An- 

 r compliment has jast been paid to the skill of 



Ayrel 



by t 



byl 



of Boston, U. a 

 bulls and eighteen cows end heifers, for the Massa- 

 chusetts 3tate Ag. Society, snd various individuals. 

 These animals are from the very best stocks, and 

 are of the very beat quality in the country." 



Among tbe individuals for whom a portion of 

 the above animals were purchased, are J. S. Cabot 

 and Dr. Lorjko of Boston, Mr. Cabtbr of Worces- 

 ter, and Hod. John Brooes of Princeton. The 

 animals are expected to arrive this week. 



Fowl Meadow Crass.— What is Fowl Meadow 

 GraBsr— S. «. M., liaiton, Liu, Co., Pa. 



Remarks. — This is a valuable grasa for low, 

 moist meadows. Flint describes it thus:— "The 

 specific ohnraoterlBtkB of this species are two to 

 four, sometimes five, (lowered spikelets,oval, spear 

 shaped lignles elongated, flowers acutlsb, green, 

 often tinged with purple, roots slightly creeping; 

 wet meadows and banks of atreoms, very common. 

 Flowers in July and August. In long continued 

 moist weather the lower joints Bend up floweriDg 

 sterna The paniclo is erect and spreading when 

 in flower, but raoro contracted and drooping when 

 ripe. This grass grows abundantly in almost every 

 part of New England, especially where it has been 

 introduced and cultivated in suitable ground, auoh 

 as the borders of rivers and intervals occasioually 

 overflowed. It will not endure to be long covered 

 with water, especially in warm weather. It is well 

 to lot a piece go 



Frost in the Southern Tiek— Grasshoppekb, 

 Ac — A correspondent of the Rural (J. C.) writing 

 from Owego, under date August 2-ltb, says:— "This 

 vicinity has been visited by an early frost, also in 

 Litchfield, Bradford Co., Pa, on the night of the 

 16th. Several other places had a slight touch on 

 the 22d and 23d. Little or no damage has been 

 done. Grasshoppers are doing couiiderable mis- 

 chief to growing crops, as well aa pastures and 

 meadows. We are also having quite a drouth, 

 while a short distance from ns rain is not 'in- 

 frequent" 



National Horse Fairs.— Three Horse Shows, 

 each claiming to be " National," are to be held the 

 present season. As already announced, one ia to 

 be held at Springfield, Mass., Sept lrib to 17tb, 

 inclusive. Michigan announces two— one at Cold- 

 water this week, (Sept. 1st to 4tb.) and the other at 

 Kalamazoo, Oct 12tb, 13th and Hth. Though the 

 premium lists of the Michigan Faira are not as 

 large aa the former, they are varied and liberal, and 

 from the character of the managers and people we 

 doubt not the exhibitions will prove creditable to 

 the Peninsular Slate. 



.. .. ..' laudF. It makes an excelled* grass foi 



m, cowa and sheep, but Is thought to be rathei 

 ) for horses. It never grows 

 : that tbe Btalk Is 



md tender, and eaten 

 ■u P iiy made into hay, 

 an7l7ino'rrnutriUvo. according to Sinclair, than 

 either foxtail, orchard grass, or tall meadow oat 

 sraas. Owiod to its constantly sending forth 

 .. the gross of the latteroiath con- 

 ritive matter than the first crop at 

 the time ol flowering, hence the names fertitu and 

 uroisu tertlh)»nd Ule tloweriug meadow grass. 

 Ii thrives best when mixed with other grasses, and 

 deserves a place ia all mixtures for rich niolit 



llowL'i-in.-: f 



Agricultural Faihs.— In addition to the large 

 number of Fairs recently announced in the Rpral, 

 we give the times and places of holding two or 

 three others iu this State, from information obtain- 

 ed during tbe past week. The Genesee Co. Fair is 

 to be held at Batavia, Sept Wtb, 17th and ISth. 

 Wayne County, at Lyons, Sept. 22d and 23d. The 

 Nundu Union (severol Towns,) at Nunda, Liv. Co., 

 N. Y,, Sept ath and 9th. 



■ of his bogs, by using the following 

 medy:— 1 ponnd of sulphur, 1 pound of rosin and 

 pound saltpetre, beaten into a powder, and given 



the proportion of a large spoonful to seven hogs, 



ery other day. 



Superior Wheat in Nebbabka,— The Nebraski 

 City News makes the following reference to thi 

 whent:-The winter wheat now harvested ant 

 being threshed out, in this aud Dougla* Counties 

 weighs from CI W 62 lbs. to the bushel And wi 

 venture to say a more beautiful article was neve 

 raked in any other Swte or Territory. 



Exposed tO^bTwea'Iber. bBteM»V '^J^ .^ 

 spendthrift with no i""" 



