OCT. 



MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY jSWSPAPER. 



321 



®n* (g&nt&tM. 



HISTORICAL READING. 



record* cf c 



Thb various dry, Indigee 1 

 with the dates of their 

 of the moot prominent 



on connected with them, 



... .jxt-books of History In many of our 



nhoolt, I suppotr, have rerelled more minds fro 



aposltlon than they have altracU d to 

 the objeol of Introducing History i 







i for that t 



letters, tbe purpose could not l* more enectaalty 

 •eoompHibed, especially In the case of popila of 

 indifferent memory fur names and dates, than by 

 a daily, undiluted lesson from one of the maDy 

 "FlemcDi*," "Outlines," "Abridgment*," "Com- 

 pend*,'' &•:. got up to facilitate the acquisition of 

 a knowledge of the past. They who are fortunate 

 enough never to have attempted to extract noor- 

 Uhment from thece husks of history, but whose 

 ideas of the pleasure and advantage of historical 

 rending have been formed by acquaintance with 

 auch authors as Golvbmitd', Ileus, Bakcrokt, 

 Pbiscott, Ac, who have found a fascination in the 

 pages of Macaui-ay compared with which 



PM 



■jritt; r 



iloualy the appearance of each suc- 

 ceeding volume of his History as the reader of fic- 

 tion expocU the next installment of a story— these 

 i, in, well listen with surprise to complaints of tbe 

 dullness and ledlousnets of history; bnt lot them 

 compare the miserable skeletons on wbicb these 

 unfavorable opinions of historical literature were 

 founded, with the fall, rich narratives themselves 

 have deltgbU 



tbe mlnda of 



ing than to burden the memory with a mass oi 

 facts having iittlo apparent relation to each other, 

 and the mere effort to retain which, in their proper 

 sequence, produces weariness and disgust, it will 

 be found that ihe only realty profitable way In 

 which Epitomes of history can be employed for 

 edacational purposes is to use them as references 

 end as aids to the memory in connection with 

 works of a freer, moro generous character. 



The great maps of readers labor under two sert- 

 oub disadvantages so far as the reading of history ie 

 concerned, one of whioh, perhaps, equally dta 

 conragod their undertaking all works of a volu 

 ruinous character, requiring close attention, and the 

 Olhftrof which more particularly hinders the suc- 

 cessful study of history and books of travel; 1 

 mean the want of sufficient connected time end 

 the lack of maps. It is easy enough for any of ub 

 to find en occasional honr to devote to a volume of 

 tales, poems or essays, and a book of this kind be 

 ing a collection of complete works of different 

 lengths and on a variety of 6ubjecu>, each one hav 

 Ing no necessary connection with any other, there 

 is no difficulty in finding a song or essay of con 

 venient measure to fill any leisure space of time. 

 Nor does tbe necessity of reading such a book at 

 chance intervals prevent one deriving all the bene- 

 fit and enjoyment it Is capable of affording. But 

 to gain the full profit and pleasure of reading bla- 



ifd n 



did they 



titled to help forward 

 the progressive movements of their orb. Bnt. 

 mnch as history may have taught these lofiy souls 

 who could bo quickly distinguish themselves if 

 irthy occasion offered, and who, perhaps, 

 t disdain a little fame even from these 

 degenerate times, they have failed to take from it 



useful bints; 

 of the present 



on of the past; that, as the past la the p 

 present, they do not especially hoi 

 by despising 



i just appreclat 





bablt of lo 

 longing instead of forward 

 fitting preparation for 



latter; that the heroes of sny age 

 g backward with 



rmauce of deeds 



. . be recorded by future historians. Nor 



they be said to have the highest reverence for 



ancient heroism who Imai 

 circumstances, themaelvi 

 so much venerate; for, if 

 reer, those same heroes 

 ages s 



ould equal what tbey 

 t the end of their ca- 

 io won from all later 



, doubtless, have 

 t their past lives, they 

 n chry wondered how they 

 hey did not believe they 



peak of their deeds, they 

 aaid, in troth, that, looking 

 saw many thloga 

 accomplished; 

 coold repeat them; so true did It seem that each 

 moment and each duty demanded a strength suit- 

 ed to itself, and, the occasion past, the peculiar 

 capability it called forth had gone with it 



■'■"■>' ,J 



sof i 



light 



_. few pages, then lay the volume aside for several 

 days till the subject of the last reading shall have 

 partially faded from the mind before taking it up 

 again. And, as descending from ancient to mod- 

 em times, the materials for history constantly in 

 crease in abundance, go each succeeding work 

 grows more and more formidable in slzo, and, of 

 course, proportionally taxes the courage and pa- 

 tience of the reader. (Itoconnjtomeheretorefertbe 

 recent invention and manufacture by inaohineryof 

 metallic instruments for writing to a difference be- 

 tween the general literature of our own days and 

 that of more remote times. The anoionts confined 

 themselves to account* of thlngB actually done; 

 and for this purpose the stylus and, In later days, 

 the goose quill sufliced; but this Age of Talk tells 

 not only what it has done, bnt also what it Is doing 

 and what it means to do; and so atylos-makli 

 and quill-growing are voted slow and have go; 

 out of fashion.) Again, the fact of works on bo 

 anoient and modern history being nnacoompanii 

 by maps, is a great drawback on the profit that 

 might lie anticipated from perusing them. I 



scarcity seems likely to continue, because, 

 knowing exactly what we want, we do not know 

 how nor where to supply the deGotem 

 one who has followed tbe course of a traveler 

 through a long journey In foreign com 

 remember bow much more Interesting were de- 

 scriptions of towns, lakes, rivers, tnouEtatns, Ac, 

 with whose namea and locations the reader was 

 familiar, or which he could easily find by referring 

 to a> map than aooounle of more obscure places 

 Precisely ao is It In reading history; events are 

 far more likely to fix our attention and Impress 

 themselves on onr memories when the scenes in 

 which they transpired are on paper, before our 

 ejes, iimn when we are left to depend In good part 

 on imagination and guess-work to determine their 

 situation. 



The enchantment that dlatanoe of time lends to 

 early events, Insulations, onitOBOB,modesof thought 

 and action, and the thousand circumstances con- 

 nected with the political, social and domestic 

 economy of long-ago nations, nourishes, in many 

 readen of anoient literature, an inordinate admi- 

 ration of the past and a corresponding discontent 

 with the present, Daztled by ihe brilliaot. exam- 

 ples or heroism that history has handed down.Snd 

 believing that ancient times offered tar grander 



PHYSICAL EDUCATION. 



Wg find tn an exchange the following common- 

 aense views, which we wish were more generally 

 heeded by those npon whom devolves the solemn 

 doty of educating the rising generation: 



At tbe present time, when Intellectual activity 

 marks onr entire population, and whea our chil- 

 dren have more active brains than muscle, proper 

 physical eduoation should be regarded as of the 

 very first importance. 



Let your boy befog htB whole being, physical, 

 mental, and moral, with tobacco, and however well 

 directed tbe care bestowed upon him by bis teach- 

 ers, the result of this unfortunate physical habit 

 will pain your heart some time, though you may 

 not hnow the cause. Let jour child go from a 

 highly seasoned dinner of gross meats, mince pie, 

 and coffee, of oysters, sardines, and wine, to the 

 school-room, and while this unnatural food is in 

 processof digestion, attempt to study, and it is like 

 loading a racehorse- with heavy weights before 

 putting him on the course. But to require a child 

 of five, seven or ten years to think vigorously 

 oloBely, is like commanding him to cut bis 

 throat. Let children think naturally and freely.— 

 Make knowledge attractive to them, t 

 tivate the mind at the expense of th 

 prevalent sentimentality that makes It vulgar to 

 regard the well being of the body, is fraught with 

 rninoua consequences. We want Professors of 

 Physiology, of Romping and Fan, in our public 

 schools, as much as we want Professors of Mathe- 

 matics, or of the Natural Sciences. Children in 

 their sports, want the vigorous Influence of joyful 

 d nntrammeled maturity, and they would have it, 

 sre there Uu false d'-giiity in the world. A good 

 bolar, who ia nothing die but a good scholar, may 

 ist without health, but a truly noble man, in- 

 net with expanded moral and intellectuol life, 

 en in his temper and holy in bis emotions, to 

 whom knowledge is a servant and research 



Wit Sgenng ghunltei. 



MODELS FOR YOUNG RUBALISTS, 

 answer to a request nude In the Rcbai, a 



LOGAN'S MONUM E N T , 



Osco (whe 



lie was t 

 tinguiahei 



lut 



the traditions of the Cayugas, 

 ■ is situated the city of Auburn,) 

 ce of Login, the greatest of the 



In.liy 





a task, — such i 



I Is I 



i i:i,!--n 



t without 



LABOR THE CREATOR OF WEALTH. 



A kovtcb In reflection would naturally consider 

 tbe possession of inexhaustible money, gold and 

 silver, as tbe greatest tign of wealth, national or 

 individual. Tho false position money has been per- 

 mitted to assume as a supplier of tho necessities 

 and luxurious tastes of society, has begotten the 

 impression that money ia the chief wealth. Bat 

 truly considered how far this conclusion Is from 

 fact Gold and silver bear but a mean relation to 

 those wanta of man upon which life depends; in- 

 trinsically they are, as au application to his tempo- 

 ral nece^bi ties, lcs3 valuable than tbe simplest weeds 

 by tho way-side. Can a man eat, or drink, or wear 

 gold? But for tbe fictitious value allowed to it, 

 what pleasurable impression would it produce on 

 any of the senses more than auy other shining 

 bu balance ? 



Tbe greatest wealth of a nation, or an individ 

 al, does not lie in temporal association or esta 

 to both nationa and individuals, bnt consists in those 



b second son of Siiikelumts, a dis- 

 sacbem of the Cayugas, and compeer 

 oat fifty years before the Revo- 

 ras tbe principal village of the 

 Cayugas, some two hundred members of the tribe 

 removed to tbe region of Shamokin, IV jui Taii- 



father became the friend of the whites, and was 

 soon appointed Indian Agent. Having embraced 

 Christianity, as also the paclfio doctrines of the 

 Quakers, the Chieftain and his family were re- 

 ceived into the Christian Church. Tah-qah-j otb, 

 on tbe occasion of bis baptism, received the name 

 of Logan, in honor of James Looan, Secretary 

 of the Province. Ever the firm friend of the Indian, 

 his name has been rendered doubly illustrious by 

 the noblest of the Cayugas. 



Logan Inherited the talents and the peaceful 

 virtues of his father, after whose death he became 

 a Chieftain. In conformity with tbe parental wish, 

 be married, the same year, the daughter of & 

 Sachem of great renown. They were united in 

 marriage by tbe good missionary Ziesubroek, — 

 But Looan was the child of misfortane, and never 

 was kindness to white men requited like his. The 

 following extract will furnish the key to bis 

 character: 



"Habitually upright, charitable and kind, the 



noble Chiertain was unprepared for del 



of wanton violence in return. Ho ha 



white men to tbe extent of his opportunity end 



meane; be had opened tbe door of his cabin to all 



who were disposed to accept of his hospitality; he 



bad given meat to the hungry, and raiment to the 



naked; be was the generous, abiding friend even 



of the pioneers whose axes were demolishing tbe 



rests which supplied his table with venison." 



What wonder, when his implicit faith in the 



bile man had been shamefully violated— wrongs 



and indignities heaped upon him — bis relatives 



murdered in cold blood — be could not quietly 



endure all, but that his natnre called loudly for 



i? Fond memories of wife, children and 



oupled with the base ingratitude of those 



whom be considered friends, prompted 1 



culture of winter barley, we have rece 



ved, among 



others, the following communicatio 





recommend Its careful perusal by all 





>f our pariah of readers to whom thi 



column la 



specially dedicated. Would we had 



uore young 



I of 1 



\\'l;a: o 



i Jon 



What school-boy has not read his 

 speech, immediately after tbe war In which be 

 distinguished himself against the whites, and has 

 >t been moved with sympathy, even to teara, for 

 e lone, forsaken one? 



"I appeal to any white man to say, If he ever 

 lered Logan's cabin hungry, and he gave him 

 >t meat ; if he ever came cold and naked, and he 

 otbod him not? During tho close of the last 

 Dg and bloody war, Logan remained idle in his 

 ibin, an advocate for peace. Such was my love 

 for the whites, that my countrymen pointed as they 

 passed, and said, ' Looan is tho friend of tbe white 

 men.' I had even thought to have lived with you, 

 but for the Injuries of one man. Colonel Crbsap, 

 tbe last spring, in cold blood and unprovoked, 

 murdered all the relations of Logan, not sparing 

 even my wife and children. There runs not a drop 

 of ray blood in the veins of any living creature. 

 This called on me for revenge. I have Bought it 

 I have killed many. I have fully glutted my ven- 

 geance. For my country, I rejoice at the beams of 

 peace. Bat do not harbor a thought that mine is 

 the joy of fear, Looan never felt fear. He will 

 not turn on his heel to save his life. Who ia there 

 to mourn for Looan? Not one." 



His sua wont down In darkness and gloom. 

 Tbatcoek says:—" Tbe melancholy history of Lo- 

 gan must be dismissed with no relief to its sombre 

 colors. Ho was bitupelf a victim to the s 

 ferocious crnelty which had already rendered 



Not long after the treaty, a party 



portion of the Empire State will show 

 ecord? Shall Niagara Co., wear tho 

 >— " BxeeWor '" The question Is with 

 tho Young P.oxallsts of the country for solution: 

 Ens. Rubal:— If boya may answer the Inquiry 

 ancerning Winter Barley, we will send our ex- 

 perience. Our crop this year waa 231 bushels from 

 three gores and five sixths. It waa sown the 16th 

 September, on clay loam, and after harvesting a 

 great crop of oats. Tho oats that scattered in 

 harvesting camo up with the barley, and formed 

 the most perfect covering of the ground we ever 

 saw, and some of them survived the frost, and had 

 good, well-filled oata this year, so much so that the 

 breadth of a cradle-swath, next tho orchard, where 

 it was most proUated from tho wind and storm, 

 we did not cat The barley weighed 48 pounds to 

 the bushel. 



How wb SrorrEn a Boll Sucking Cows— We 

 put him in a stanchion and cut a slit in bis tongue, 

 one-half inch deep, right at tho end. It cured him, 

 and we believe It will cure a oow, or any kind or 

 animal, and not injure their feeding. 



Thb Wat to Keki> Turnips, Beets, Carrots, 

 and all roots as fresh during the year as when dug, 

 is to pnt them in barrels of any kind— apple as 

 good as any— and cover with a sod. This la our 

 mode, and it works to a charm. 



Now, Mr. Editor, you may do as yon please with 



this. We are readers of your paper, like It very 



much, have taken It a good share of the time since 



It was first published. We are three brothers, 



<rking a farm of one hundred and forty-two 



res, and have for three years. We have what we 



n make, and mean to be good farmers and tbe 



ardent friends of good crops. Oar ages are re- 



ipectlvely, Hbnry Norton Johnston, 19 years; 



Dobman Stbbl Johnston, 1C years; Willis John- 



14 years. This Is our firm, and wo make a 



little money every year, and wish all the rest of tbo 



boys may do the aame. We love to see a boy with 



clothes and money be has earned. 



i hi i 



pportunltles 



ieir own age, these worshipers of the post, i 

 c&k regrets for its loss, cheat tbe present of much 

 doable effort Possessing, many times, anover- 

 . uience in thoir own untried strength, 

 ad scorning to debase it to the poor occasion* ot 

 rdinary life, these dreamers spend themselves In 

 sin lutiglogs for a return of the emergencies that 

 ailed forth those splendid exercises of publio and 

 irlvaie virtue they so much admire. Knowing 

 lothing or the Interests and the struggles that 

 :upy their country and humanity, or, rather, i 

 lered incapable of appreciating present aims by 

 ixclusive sympathy with the past, their experience. 



surely satisfied. To the wanderer famish- 

 ing In tbe desert, tbe greatest treasure would have 

 been food and drink; he oast pearls aside with 

 disgust, praying they had been dates. The grei 

 tempoial wanta of men and nations are food an 

 raiment, and especially food — deprive them i 



possessions would be useless. 

 The capacity to eopply these wants, in spite of 

 igence, ia a wealth and power which gold and 

 silver never possesses. Real capital Ilea In labor, 

 and labor brought in contact with the earth, in its 

 capacities, Is tbe creator, as it should be 

 the distributor and enjoyer of the most substantial 

 all temporal wealth. 



Thb Great Object of Eoucation. — Self-in- 

 struction is tho one great object of rational educa- 

 In mind as well as body we arc children at 

 first only that we may afterwards become men; 

 dependent upon others, in order that wc may learn 

 from them sooh lessons as may tend eventually to 

 our edification on an independent basis of our 

 own. The knowledge of facts, or what is gener- 

 ally called learning, however much we may pos- 



f It, is useful i 





terials into a mental framework; but useless so 

 long as we suffer it to He in a heep, inert and 

 without form. The Instruction of others, com- 

 pared with self-instruction, is like law compared 

 with fultb; a discipline of preparation, beggarly 



t is wrong, wrongs what is 



A SUSPICIOUS MLrlD. 



It is difficult to tell who suffers most from suspi- 

 cion, be who entertains it or he who incurs it — 

 There are few evils more intolerable in life, than 

 the coldness and distrust of friends and acquaint- 

 ances. But the pain of discovering an unworthy 

 trait or a vile deed in those whom we have trusted, 

 is hardly less distressing. God baa made ub social 

 beings, and the social instinct cannot be outraged 

 without pain. There is hardly any habit more un- 

 fortunate, than that of readily taking up an ovil 

 report or of easily imbibing a suspicion of the 

 conduct or character of onr fyllow-mon. It is a 

 habit which finds many incentives in our evil na- 

 tures aod the world we live in. Every man has bis 

 sinister side, and society is at best but a cracked 

 mirror, in which no man's character or motives 

 get a full and fair reflection. It ia easy to find in 

 almost every one, some flaw which may be bus- 

 pecled to bean irreparable leak; or some speck 

 upon the surface, that may seem to indicate a radi- 

 cal rot at the core. Few, indeed, go through life 

 not only without wrong, but the appearance of 

 wrong; and if we suffer ourselves to suspect the 

 worst when we see the least, we Bhall Inevitably 

 find ourselves surrounded by rogues, and breathing 

 a very atmosphere of corruption. 



Wholly to avoid suspicious of men is impoi 

 ble, because there is unmistakable occasion ; 

 them. But if be Is happiest who is freest from 

 them, we should be slow to entertain them. It 

 better to think well than to think evil of any oti 

 It ia better to find a good motive for a doubtful 

 deed, if a good one bo possible, than an evil 

 It may be uearer the truth; and if not, it will 

 fer a pleasure. Oar suspicions often do great 

 wrong to their objects; justice, no less than churi 

 ty, should make us cautious in indulging in them 

 And If we do not injure them, auch is the retribu 

 live law of life, we wound ourselves, we driv 

 charity weeping from our hearts, and deprive ooi 

 selves or the blessedness or kind thoughts. It U 

 a loss on all sides. We lose onr peace, and oi 

 friend loses tbe joy of our confidence. Charity 

 profitable as well as right- 

 peace of mind as well a. 



i that of others - 



Eva 



Mxs imagine they oommnnka'c their ri 

 vice only by oveit actions, and do not s< 

 virtue or vice emit a breath any moment 



■ ■ 



I'etroit t 



country. It grieves ub I 



o of his life, misery had made 



No security and no solace V 



tor's genius or the warrior' 



ien the citizens of Auburn determined to pre- 

 the antlqnities of Fort Hill, by converting It 

 i rural cemetery, the pile of limestone repre< 

 d in our engraving, was erected as a tribute 

 of reepect to the memory of tbe greatest of 

 No modern epitaph is inscribed upon 

 list touching and eloquent sentence : 



l,Hlaf.C 



HAPPINESS. 



oppo 



Ip wo glance 

 difference in tbe 

 viduals. Borne 

 others take 

 no two persons 

 opinions c 



jjeot afte 



Some persons s 

 quentlng places o: 

 banish all care anc 





np to folio- 



society we will see a great 

 ard conduct of various Indl- 

 3 one course of action, while 



utly alike, either In thoir 



-, EUpplnntj 



i obtain happiness by fre- 

 > and pleasure; striving to 



UB thoughts— giving them- 



$mm tm tbe fjonng. 



MISCELLANEOUS ENIGMA. 



I au composed of 

 My 13, 6, IS, 6, lti is both a bsne and blessing. 

 My 2, 14, 8, 4, 12, 10 is the name of a bird. 

 My B. 9, 4, 6 ia good for man. 

 My 1, 13, '.i. 11, 4 is allied to a bnrn. 

 My 7, 3, 2, 6 is a mnch abased goddess. 

 My 14, 15, 5 is always singular. 



Uy whole is a State coutuiuing a greater variety 

 of people, than any other in tbe Union. 



AIUTHMETICAL PROBLEM. 



balf round, they And the 

 cut down and four rods o 

 in the piece? 



b mowing around a piece 

 a : 'i 'i.ire, and the three 

 ; after going once and a 

 piece of grass one-half 

 er — how much was there 



Myt 



J Is a simple verb in Engli 



ral of tbe British. 



My whole v 



£&■ Answer in two weeks. 

 ANSWERS TO ENIGMAS, Ao, IN NO. 464. 



Answer to Miscellaneous Enigma: — For it 

 word of the Lord is right and all His works ai 

 done in truth. 



Answer to AcrosMcai i.oijrrir 

 our dally breed-Ac rustically, God is Love. 



Answer W Engineering Problem:— Com wcuL-e 

 on tbe eaaator, rnu \» ihe pule, turn a right angle 

 and ran to me equator, thence to the place of be- 

 ginning. 



.a this day 



— while others, observing tho many evils which 

 follow snob a coarse, apply all the ir energies to tbo 

 acquisition of wealth, vainly expecting that at 

 some future time this will bo a great source of bap- 

 plness to them. How many are tbe cares and dis- 

 appointments which the man who seeks for wealth 

 is subjected to, — and how few ever realize, to any 

 great extent, the hopes they thus so ardently 

 cherish. Another chss of men seek for happiness 

 in tbe acquisition of fame, or worldly honor; but 

 the result of this is only "vanity aud vexation of 

 spirit" Then, If we would seek after and obtain 

 true happlnesss, wemustbecarefalnot to place too 

 high a value on tbe fleeting things of time. We 

 must strive to obey the laws hy which tbe uni verso 

 is governed— to perform the duties we mutually 

 owe to eaoh other— to cultivate feelings of benevo- 

 lence.— and, above all, to seek the favor and bless- 

 ing of tbe Great Law-Giver; He, on whom we are 

 wholly dependent; He, in whose "favor there Is 

 life" and -'pleasure 



ALPHABET OP PEOVEBBB. 



A qbain of prudence ia worth a pound of craft 



Boasters are cousins to liars. 



Confession of a fault makes half amends. 



Denying a fault doubles it 



Envy sbooteth at others and wounds himself. 



FoolUh fear doubles danger. 



i good things by o 



He has hard work who has nothing to do. 



Knavery is tbe wors 

 Learning makes a ■■ 

 Modesty is a guard 6 



Prond looks make f 



Small faults indulged 

 fn greater. 

 The boughs that bear 

 Upright walking is sur 



nge wrongs t 





t company for himself. 



lost bang lowest. 



re mothor and daughter. 

 opportunities than they 



a never lose by doing a good 

 il without knowledge is fire without light 

 Young People' t Pocket Book fo, 



858, 



Khowlboob.— It is not knowledge alone which 

 makes us happy; it Is tbe quality of tho knowl- 

 edge. Perfect knowledge la conviction; and It ia 

 conviction which makes us happy, which abso- 

 lutely satisfies, and which changes dead knowledge 

 into living. — NovalU. 



