NOV. 27. 



MOORE'S BURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 



385 



Tbi euro bore roe away from Verona towards 



plain, where grata and grass were waring between 

 rows of mulberry and fruit trees, from which hong 



a of grape vines. The marshes of Arcole, 

 where, (n three days of desperate battle, Napolbom 

 once destroyed an Anstrlan army — were passed. wi 

 went through the cities of Yicenza and Padua, 

 and yet ran on over the level plains. Now 

 then a few tall I, orabardy poplars road upon the 

 right or left, shot by, end eonk backward i 



i passed low country boose*, hilf 

 a among foliage. The soil began to gr..w 

 I foil of water. I leaned 

 ont or the window and gazed forward to the erlge 

 of the horizon, where lay piles of picturesque 

 i ads, and wondered where the train 

 for, at a oliort distance, neither .plnio 

 nor sea was visible. Suddenly I saw domes and 

 towers, and tall masts with waving Hugs, rislpg 

 like a vision between me and the clouds; their 

 rich palaces and churches, Bitting on the water, 

 and hulls of ship*, nod innumerable j/ondolso, all 

 ll'-a'Jng. ni it were, on the fiurfuceof the Lagoon. 

 Il ■ u veuioe. 



I had approached the fairy ci'y of the earth— a 

 oily which odco bona ted* to be tributes of the sea, 

 and sent her ships over the blue waves of the 

 ind the Mediterranean to the shores of 

 tbo Turk and the Arab, to the laics of Greece end 

 the Holy Lund — a city, founded on piles and 

 atone, Bunk In the mud of seven(y-two small Is 

 lands, where there are smooth canals and silent 

 gondolas, instead of stony streets and noisy car- 



The traveler formerly approached Venice in a 

 ', iit present, the Lagoon is traversed 

 by tt stone bridge, two miles and a quarter long, 

 coil BBpported on two hundred and twenty-two 

 archea The cars pause in the email station, and 

 yen descend, not to a street, but to a canal, and 

 enter a gondola. It is rowed to your hotel, and 

 yon ascend from the boat by stone steps, that are 



irrinro. 



; hi a 



At Brat you ore disappointed with Venice. As 

 you float along the firand Canal in a gondola, yon 

 look in vain for those gorgeous marble palaces, 

 which, yon Imagined, rose up along the greathigh- 

 way of the City of the Sea. You can scarcely 

 believe the gondolier, when be points out buildings 

 with which yon are familiar by description, and 

 which you bad imagined were impressive as any 

 In Europe. They are ao small and bo dilapidated, 

 Branding close to the water's edge, with the salt 



MiMjlV 



flic 



In their eteps and walla, that it seems ii 

 of a little more time they will tumble t< 

 and be ewallowed by the waters. Ye 

 i look closer you see traces of forme: 

 dwellings of 



splendor, when they w> 

 chant princes, who dr 

 East, and boasted that 

 the Rea. Groups of I 



■ wealth from the 





i Hiatal 



.ind., 





miraolea of Art In proportion and design, enriched 

 by the most elaborate and thoughtful carving, are 

 set in crumbling brick walls, from which the pre- 

 cious marbles of the East, or frescoes designed by 

 great musters, in which tbey were once encased, 

 have fallen by alow decay, or been torn away by 

 the unsparing hand of a conqueror. In these same 

 walls modern windows, or rather square holes 

 have been made, breaking all unity of design, and 

 making the Art look as if It had been plundered 





I, U.I I 

 lill.-n 



' building. Often in front of these win 

 j marble balconies, having railings o< 

 irble, exquisitely carved and shaped, with 

 if fat, good-natured looking puppies sit 



Tlirne windows and balconies— which 

 ed by the finest Fifth Avenne houso in New York 

 —are scattered all over Venice, often being placed 

 in buildings, which, whatever they might have 

 been formerly, from decay and alteration, have 

 now do other claims to architectural beauty. 

 1 ' buildings, indeed, have had their 

 frescoes obliterated by repalnth.g. and the old and 

 magnificent Venetian red 1b fast becoming daubed 



Tbo chief point of interest In Venice la the 



Bqnare of St. Mark, la the vicinity of which are 



t >.e lin-sl specimens of architecture, aa the Doge's 



:■ Campanile, or bell-tower— tbo ducts- 



■ : rue Cathedral of St. Mark. Thetqaara 



i with large nag stones. Tho Campa- 



one aide. There is a colonnade round tnr- e sides 

 of the square, hark of whtoh are bnliunt Mores 

 ami r<i/>i. Along the fourth side of the Square, 

 rnns a street, and ji»t across the rtnM 

 geous front of the Cathedral To the right of the 

 ith6Doge'«P»i aofc UiilaihUtqiuia 

 that the visitor will linger longest, charmed by 

 the historical asioeiationa of the 8po t and the 

 wonderful beauty and richness of u , structure* 

 and pleated by Its life and gajc-ty, || 

 amusements, and the opportunity of oWrving 

 the people, who come here in crowds m tb« morn- 

 log to drink coffee, and in multitude* on ptea*aai 

 evenings to eat ices and i 

 aid promenade. 1 doubt 

 of equal size in the whole 

 much life and gayety 

 of fit. Mark. In the evening the rows of lamp* nl 

 renod the collonadea are lighted, and the agree 

 able southern air, and the dark blue eky, span^Uij 

 with aiart, combine to add fascination to the 

 scene. Tbo mfia, under the colonnades, are ful 

 of people, eaung ice*, and hundred* are aiuiag is 

 chairs on the outside. Up and down, before the 



VIEW OF ST. -JOHNS, NKWL'OI ■ NDLAND, 



St. Johns, the capital of Newfoundland, is the 

 moat eastern teaportof North America. Being 

 directly in the track of Me-mers plying between 

 Great Britain and the United States, it is eminently 

 adapted as a cool depot, or htilf-way houee for 

 these vessels. The harbor Is excellent, altbouKh 



rows," from point to poiuf, being only 3t;o fathoms 

 wide. The entrance to the harbor ia so concealed 

 from view at sea, that It la almost impossible to 

 perceive it until after a very near approach. On 

 the right rises Signal Mill, to a height of at least 

 C0O feet, overlooking the town, and commanding 

 a fioe view of the country, which extends behind 

 it liken glgautlo panorama. Opposite Signal Hill, 

 on the other Bide of the Narrows, tines another 

 bill, or mountain as it should mote properly be 



termed, to an elevation above the level of the 

 water, of over six hundred feef. 



Tho ci'y Is built on the side or a hill, which 

 ascends gradually to a height of about a hundred 

 and fifty feet, aud present.* an exceedingly 

 esque appearance. It overlooks the harbor, whioh 

 ia a little over a mile in length, and a quartei 

 mile inwidth; ar.d which ia one of the best harbors 

 in the world, affording at all times a safe anchor 

 age for ehipa of the largest dimensions. The firei 

 thing tha' siriken the visitor la its peculiar forma 

 tton. After you have passed the entrance, it ha* 

 the appearance of a lake, so completely is it shut 



hills t 





ept t 



e ultj 



doors and in the square, promenade the beauty, and 

 and fashion of Venice; for there is no other 

 spot in the city which affords anything like equal 

 facilities ior walking. 



You ait down at a small table to converse with 

 a friend, nip your ice cream, and observe the peo- 

 ple aa they pass and repass There is lively In- 

 strumental music made by a company of young 

 women and men In the square, and perhaps it ia 

 accoropinied by singing and declamation. Often 

 there are two or three companies. Presently one 

 of the prettiest girls in the company, well dressed 

 and wearing a broad brimmed straw hat— under- 

 neath which yen see massea of dark hair and a 

 pair of sparkling, passionate eyes — approaches 

 and pauBea before yon, silently extending a small 

 plale. Yuu add a copper to the pile already on it, 

 and Bhe turns us silently to another group. She 

 baa bat just gone when a little boy cornea up with 

 matcbea to eelL He has some of an excellent 

 quality for oigara. After they ara once lit, no 

 ount of wind can extinguish them, till they 

 ■n close to your fingers, when tbey go out of 

 maelvea. He proves this by lighting some, aud 

 wing vigorously on them, his cheeks pntTedout 

 the wind, but the matches not. Of course you 







don't exactly understand bow much he demands, 

 but, seleoting a quantity f.om his basket, you lay 



in the boy's outstretched, open hand. He leans 

 f jrward in curious attitude, and his dark, piercing 

 eyes glance Borutlniziogly into your face and he 

 demands more, sud yet more, until you have 

 doubled and quadrupled the first amount. Then 

 yon begin to think the valuable matches are get 

 ting rather too dear, and you offer to exchange. 

 The open palm doses quickly over the silver aod 

 the boy vanishes, chuckling over the amount that 

 Is six times his regular price. These are scarcely 

 in your pooket befxre a man brings you a largo 

 basket, heaped with all kinds of fruit, which hua 

 been stuck on to small, sharp sticks, and dipped 

 icto melted sugar. It ia novel and cheap, only a 

 piece of copper fjr each stick, and you take some 

 from every variety f)r the sake of trying the qual- 

 ity. You are n good customer, which is observed, 

 and, as soon aa the man takes his basket of fruit 



. r i,. 



ii:i- i! 



wi'h curious glassware, beade, bracelets, caskets 

 gondola?, Ac. all delicately made aud peculiar to 

 Venice. Then follows a vender of slippers, and 

 after blm comes a Bailor-looking man, having a 

 white, wooden box, with two small holes in the 

 cover, and something black projecting through 

 them. The blaok thioga have motion and yoa 

 wonder what they are. Tho msn takes off the 

 cover, and displays two email, live turtles which 



the bouum.aod you perceive thui the black tninps 

 above the cover, were the turtles' head?. The ani- 

 mals are perfectly harmless, as tho man proves by 

 uuldioir ihcru betweeu bla fingere, pressing thorn 

 his face, and placing them In his bo-om. They 



■.in I 





■ UlJ I 



■ Tenia 



chem, and with much difficulty you dismiss the 

 tuttb] vender. Bis place ia instantly titled r>y an- 

 other who elily aud qukkly unfolds u packet, and 

 exhibits a buuch of the beat Havana cigars, whioh 

 be offers to soil very cheap. They are first-rate, 

 he Bay?, the like of them cau't be bought in Venice, 

 and ho hints that he Imported them himself and can 

 affird them bo cheap, because he whs not obliged 



ThecUar 



i begin to wonder 



and joa put on a piece of Bilver. Ah! the 

 ling eyes flash brighter, she mafcea a little 



eliiatlc ptep t another table. What a puwer 

 was In that silver piece to draw forth smiles 



e Squai 



thin, yet at eleven o'clock, and 



many pei 





Th« i 





by daylight It is far less brilliant. 

 You are beset hy half-a-dozen boot blacks, and tC 

 rid yourself of their annoyauce let one earn a few 

 copper?, by making your boots mirrors in which 

 he sees his face. Moat of the chairs which were 

 occupied by hundreds of people on tha previous 

 evening, are now piled up in great heaps before 

 the cafes. You enter a cqfa and read '-Galignanfs 

 Messenger " over a cup of coffee, and are only dis- 

 turbed by a Sower gir>, wearing a broad brimmed 

 straw hat, underneath which are the masses of dark 

 hair, and the sparkling eyes. She lays a sweet 

 pink by your cup, and disappears without a word. 







io St. Mark's Square 

 crowd is greater and military bauds furniah music. 

 The people promenade to and fro in regular order. 

 and the scone bears much resemblance to a great 



CUBA. 

 The fertility of the soil of Cuba is 

 The labor of cultivation is small and the profits 

 well nigh fabulous. It 

 who have several estates, have an Income of eight 

 hundred thousand or a million of dollars anno 

 On new ground, sugar, which in Louisiant 

 quires to be planted once in three years, will 

 duce its annual crop for nine or ten years, so 

 the planter has nothing to do but reap the ha: 

 every year. But. notwithstanding these extra 

 nary inducements to cultivate the soil, by fin 

 larger portion 







of It as under cultivation. Some part of the resi- 

 due la mountainous and untillaule, but a very con- 

 slderablo portion is as fertile as that which yield* 



. abound with 









fever. A minor but by no means deapicablo 

 evil is the mosquitoes, whose sting la very poison- 

 ous to strangers, producing a high degree of in- 

 flammation. The hands, wrists and anklea swell 

 up and suppurate, making great sores, which leave 

 pits almost as deep as those of the huibII pox, and 

 much larger. After a residence of two years, 

 however, the atlng Is scarcely M\ and the poison 

 produces little or no effect. This has been ac- 

 counted for by the idea that the enervating cll- 

 mato renders the blood ao thin and poor that it Is 

 no longer capable of the same degree of inflam- 



Sinoums Chinkrb Custom.— In China, coffins 

 are made of very thick timber, and the joints are 

 all carefully closed by pasting layers of paper over 

 them, so as to make them perfectly air-tight. For 

 grea'er eeoutity, a little lime is generally put in 

 with the corpse. In this way it la possible to keep 

 the coffined corpse in the house for year*, without 



np'c. 



Tbo 



deed, is not uncommon. Some have not the 

 means at hand (or burying In such style aa they 

 would wiaa. They must wait for better days. — 

 8omo do not find a place to auit them. Thus it 

 autnrtlmt-a happens that on entering a Chinese 

 gentleman'a house, a coffin ia one of the moBt 

 prominent objects seen among the articles of fur- 



Amubbwbnt Do you suppose that the grown-nr. 



child doea not want amusement, when yon Bee how 

 greedy children are of it? Do not imagine we 

 grow out of thai; we disguise ourselves by various 

 solemnities, but we have none of us lost the child- 



Povbrtt ib only contemptible when it Is felt to 

 be ao. Doubtless the best way to make our pover- 

 ty respectable is to seem never to feel it aa an evil 



more indostrinui of the fishermen, whoso little 

 cottages help to aabdue the natural wildne&a of 

 scene. Near the water's edge, on the south e 

 are erected the etages, or "flukes," aa they 

 termed, on which the oodQsh are cured. 



A very extensive business fa done in St Johna, 

 it being the chief commercial centre of tho island. 

 Large numbers of vessels are constantly In port 

 discharging or taking in cargoes of fish or oil, and 

 in the months of August or September eomi 

 to eighty Spanish vessels' load with fish to 

 various ports in the Mediteranean. Seal oil m 

 flfidn ita market in the various porta of 

 Britain, while the codfish is sent to the West 

 Indies, Spain, Naples, and Brazil. In 1850 

 population of SL Johns amounted to 19,000 



. 21.0 





AUTHOBS AS COBVEBSATIOHISTS, 



tiaBiT writer* are not necessarily great talke 

 Yon hear that a man has written a popular hot 

 and that you are to meet him at dinner. Yon ho 

 that your own inferiority In conversation will r 





be < 



. the i 



resolve to play the part of 

 great man, and vainly expect wit or wisdom from 

 his lips. He turns out to be a very ordinary i 

 taL He may be shy and aiienr, or garrulous 

 b:ild, but he doea not realize the expectations you 

 had formtd of him from his writing?. A snhject 

 is diseased before him, and be either says nothing 

 about it, or if he enter into the 

 little of tbo Buhject, throws no light upon it, and 

 leaves it where he found it. You go away, dread- 

 fully disappointed, and cannot understand how 

 man oan talk ao tamely aod write eo spiritedly 

 how he can be weak aa well as strong— how he c 

 embody the poet's averment that we are "h 

 dust, half deity." A few months pass, and o 



rloHlr, i 





i ok. Yo 





it find 



;ct on which the author, in 

 your presence, had either not spoken, or spoken 

 badly, fully and luminously discussed, — research 

 and analysis, reflection aud sagacity, wit and pa- 

 thos, wisdom and sentiment, poetry and philoso- 

 phy, grace and earnestness, eloquence and refine 

 ment, all combining to illustrate it admirably, all 

 muking a chef <C ccuvre which delights the Present 

 aud will fill the Future with admiration. 

 What, you may ask, in utter wonderment — what 



writings and bis conversation; what a curioui 

 quality of mind, as it were, in one and the aam< 

 indlvidnal? Well, there is a difference. He wh< 

 was shy, and silent, awkward, and perhaps common 

 place in the crowd, was simply out of his elemen 1 

 there and then. What a changed man you woulc 

 ace were you to behold him in solitude. A casua 

 paaasge in a boob, a passing paragraph in a news 

 paper may suggest an idea which, working Into hif 

 mind, oreatea a train of thought, to carry out 

 which, he is impelled to take pen in hand and write 



the subject In every point, and, in due Bcason, the 

 completed production, be it article or book, is be- 

 fore the world, challenging Its meed of approba- 

 tion aud enlightening its heart.— Phil. Press. 



BUSINESS : 



OF AAEON BTJKE. 



upon the jump,' All day 

 receiving message?, send- 

 and papers; expeciing 



Mr. Parton's new work on Burr gives the follow 

 tug sketch of his daily habits in the latter part ol 

 bis life, as related to the author by a gentlemer 

 who spent some time in Hitrr's officer— "He rose 

 at the dawn. A breakfast of an egg and a oup ol 

 coffee sufficed for this most abstemious of men; 

 lifter which he worked for some hours before hlf 

 o'erks and assistants arrived. He was a hard task- 

 master; he 'kept t 

 he was dispatching 

 ing fol lio ike, pei 

 every command to bo obeyed with 

 sib e celerity, inspiring everyone with bis own 

 7.eal, and getting a surprising quantity of work ac- 

 complished. "He was bo&inesa incarnate,'" aaid 

 my Informant " About ten In the evening he would 

 give over, invite his companions to the side-board, 

 and lake a single gloss of wine. Then bis spirits 

 would rise, and he would Bit for hours telling sto- 

 ries of his past life, and drawing brief and graphic 

 sketches of celebrated characters with whom he 

 had acted. Often be was full of wit and gaiety, at 

 such a time; 'the llvelieat fellow in the world;' 

 'aa merry as a boy,' 'never melancholy, never ill- 

 natured.' About midnight or later, be would He 

 down upon a hard couch ia the corner and aleep 

 s child,' until morning- In hfs personal cab- 

 was a thoroogh-goiuf Spartan; eating little, 

 drinking little, sleeping little; working baid. He 

 fond of calculating upon how small ft sum life 

 could be supported, and used to think he could 

 live well enough upon seventy-five cents a week." 



r.Eu 



i from bitter words; there is only t 



ilw faulty fEutaiist. 



BREAKING YEABXDTG CTBKRS. 



Uxssbs. Eps.: — In the last Hrit«. a Vouns 

 ftcBALiyr of Madison Ca, Inquires how to break 

 his yearling steers. Permit me to auggeet, flrs\ 

 not quite bo much timber in ocr "ox gatit" aaour 

 fathere u«c\ for lumber la becoming scarce, and 

 bralnB are Increasing, (scalps at leapt,) for which 

 reason w© bad totter use mote of the latter and 

 less of the former. 



Next, we deserve no sympathy when we split 

 our tboats In trying to make our "cattle bear, when 

 nature gave ears quite as acute, and nearly as long 

 ftsonr own. In other words let us retain our natu- 

 ral voice and natural aotioos— that is, action* ia 

 harmony with that principal in nature which 

 Chbist taught — "overcome evil with good*— and 

 the few who have experimented on this precept, 

 have found It aa often verified when applied to 

 four legs aa two. 



Now, If the law of kindnesa will overcome nil, 

 oeruinly no harsher agent is required to ovor- 

 oome ignorance, the only fault of the unbroken 

 Bteer,— ignorant not of the aot wo wish blm to per- 

 form, for he can do that— but, ignorant of onr 

 : llnofl we are as awkward in communi- 

 cating our will, as the steer in comprehending it. 

 therefore, we merit as harah a chastisement as we 

 Indict on blm. 



To illustrate my theory, I give my praetlc 





ILKd 



I 0l i 



. had 



three of r 



confidence between all 

 iy seeming to consider me as good 

 a calf as any In the yard. I now considered their 

 moral and social faculties in a healthy and thriv- 

 ing condition, which should be the first, step in tbo 

 education of mau or brute. 



Asthemild weather of spring approached, bring- 

 ing with It a corresponding mildness in the dispo- 

 sition of cattle, manifeuted by their belug more 

 sociable in a yard, and not ao given to hooking 

 each other as in the more severe weather, I com- 

 menced their education, one at a time, — short 

 lessons, each once a day,— and was surprised at 

 their rapid progress, never having driven oxen or 

 broken Bteers before. I did not attempt to cram 

 the whole alphabet down them at once, which I 

 believe Is too frequently practiced. For twenty 

 successive tlmee the child may attempt to epeak a 

 hard word end fail every time,— when if yon glvo 

 him the elementary sounds composing the word, 

 he will utter each distinctly, — then combine them 

 by adding one each time, aud he can pronounce It 

 with ease. Parents, try it. If your child says 

 thixpentt, it ia because be don't know whero to 

 place his tongue to produce the Bound of t, not 

 becaaBe be cannot do it Let bim see how you do 

 it, Ac On this principle my culvoa acquired great 

 accomplishments, and graduated shortly after one 



When I bad made myself iutelligtMe to each I 

 then let them recite in concert, changing sides 

 and positions In all manner of ways 1 could think,— 

 in abort, acting on the principle of ibe cautious old 

 lady, who said, "Johnny, you moat not go into the 

 water till after you have learned to swim." They 

 were thoroughly broken before boing yoked. 



If I want the ateer to come to me, 1 lap, tap, tap 

 bim, like the gentle ralu drop, with my short lash 

 on the oiforoppoBitesideof the nock. At first he 

 cares nothing about it, till at last it becomes disa- 

 greeable to him, as the stroke from a straw on a 

 man's nose or arm would at length be unbearable, 

 Well.be makes a move to avoid his uncomfortable 

 position, but naturally enough moves from me, 

 knowing I am the cause, and my desire to Uie con- 

 trary being High Dutch to bim. But the taps con- 

 spot, till by mere accident or experiment he turns 

 towards me. That instant the blows stop; bo he at 

 length finds that ho most approach me to avoid the 

 disagreeable sensation on the offside of the neck, 



but always atriko on tho same plan- to produce tho 





o it happec 



! left 





whipping the instant he begins to ohoy; this en- 

 courages him. To make them hold up their heads 

 when yoked, tap them gently with the bntt of the 

 whip on the top of the shoulder just back of the 

 yoke. To make them back, strike them on their 

 breast or throat, as it saves their eyes and a down- 

 ward tendency of the bead. 



To conclude, I took theae ateera to our County 

 Fair at Watertown, in the fall, and although they 



had a 



I I; ■ 





handy aa oxen, and took the first premium. I sold 

 ihem on the ground for one hundred and twenty- 

 five dollars, wlthont the yoke, took the money and 

 went home with a sad heart. Their weight wes 

 twenty-one bnndred. Color deep rid. j. a. 



THE WONDERS OF UOHT. 



Not oniy docs light fly from the grand "ruler 

 the day," with a velocity which is a million and 

 half times greater than the speed of acannun 

 ill, hut it darts from every reflecting surface with 

 like velocity, and reaches the tender (structure 

 the eye bo gently that, as It falls npon the little 

 nam of nerves which is there spread to receive 

 it imparts the most pleasing sensations, and 

 Is its story of the outer world with a oriuute- 

 as of detail, and a holiness of truth. I'hiloio- 

 .ers once Bought to weigh the sunbeam. They 

 constructed a moat delicate balance, and suddenly 

 let it in upon a beam of light: the lever of the 

 balance was bo delicately hung that the fluttering 

 of a fly would have disturbed it Everything pre- 

 pared, the grave men took their places, and with 

 een eyes watched the result. The sunbeam that 

 aa to decide the experiment bad left tho sun 

 ight mluateB before, to pass the ordeal- It had 

 Dwn through ninety -five millions of miles of 

 >ace in that short measure of time, and It shot 

 pon the balaoce withunahatcd velocity. Batthe 

 lever moved not, and tho phlloiopbera were mute. 

 1 •■ericaru 

 in viae la nnitfd to fjrtune, she changes her 



