ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY BULLETIN 



104.-) 



L'HIRONDELLE 

 Deep Sea Exploring Ship of the Prince of Monaco 



were presented with numerous specimens for 

 the aquarium attached to the Oceanographic 

 Museum recently established at Monaco by 

 the Prince. The large American horseshoe 

 crab (Limuhis) which is not found in Europe 

 and which has the distinction of being the 

 nearest living relative of the extinct trilobites, 

 was of especial interest. The Director of the 

 Aquarium sent two dozen living Limulus 

 aboard L'Hirondelle where Dr. Richard, the 

 Director of the Scientific Staff, placed them 

 in large bath tubs filled with sea water as the 

 safest means of conveying them to Monaco. 



cutter 



Siberia 



Strait 



Alaska. 



tations 



DOMESTICATED REINDEER IN 

 ALASKA 



IT IS twenty-one years since the first 

 lot of tame reindeer 

 was carried on the 

 United States revenue 

 r 'Bear" from 

 across Bering 

 and landed in 

 Other impor- 

 under govern- 

 ment supervision follow- 

 ed for a few years, until 

 twelve hundred reindeer 

 had been placed among 

 the Eskimo of our 

 northern territory. 

 They thrived and mul- 

 tiplied and today we 

 have over thirty-eight 

 thousand domesticated 

 reindeer located in fifty- 

 four different places, not 

 including twenty-four 

 thousand which have 

 been used for food, or 



lost through accident. Of this number twenty- 

 four thousand are in the hands of native 

 Eskimo, who under the direction of the 

 government Reindeer Service and the Prot- 

 estant and Catholic mission stations cooper- 

 ating with it, have been taught the art of 

 herding animals useful for food, clothing and 

 transportation. 



The total cost of importing the original 

 deer, and the maintenance of the small 

 Reindeer Service during these twenty years 

 has been $292,000 in government appropria- 

 tions. This does not include the funds 

 generously subscribed by churches and public- 

 spirited citizens in aid of the original importa- 

 tions of reindeer. 



The Department of the Interior valued the 

 stock of domesticated reindeer in northern 

 Alaska in 1912 at nearly one million dollars 

 and reported the income derived from it in 

 1912 at $14,885. These figures are exclusive 

 of the value of meat and hides used by the 

 natives themselves. 



This splendid governmental and missionary 

 enterprise is destined to make the natives of 

 Arctic Alaska rich in flocks and herds. They 

 were formerly dependent to a considerable 

 extent upon the steadily diminishing herds of 

 American wild caribou. 



At the start it encountered the opposition of 

 interests based more or less on the exploitation 

 of the native residents, and has been carried 

 along in the face of criticism from various 



SIBERIAN DOMESTICATED REINDEER 

 Photographed in Alaska in ls'.i-' Ijy C. H.Townsencl 



