PALAEONTOLOGY 



133 



PLANTS 



The following classification will give a general idea of the 

 development of vegetable life. 



rT .. , , , rMost of the 



f Dicotyledons 



J forest trees 



] and shrubs, 



4 Phanerogamia 

 or 

 Spermatophyta 



Angiosperms 



or 



Exogens 



I oak, ash, etc. 



< 



< 



Monocotyledons [Palms 

 or { Lilies 



Endogens ^ Grasses, etc. 



Gymnosperms (Conifers, pine, spruce, etc. 

 <- Cycads 



a 



' 3 Acrogens ( Lycopods or Club mosses 

 or ") Ferns 



Pteridophyta ^Equisetae or Horsetails 



2 Anogens or i Mosses 



rf 2 Anogens or ( Mosses 

 2 ] Bryophyta \ Liverworts 



a. 



1 Thallogens i Fun gi Mushrooms, etc. 



or 



i 



Lichens 



,,, .. ( Sea weeds 



l Thallophyta L Algae J 



This classification is not now used in the more modern books 

 on botany, but is followed in most of the text-books of geology. 



