224 NEW YOKE STATE MUSEUM 



has been transferred to this new district and the manufacture 

 of salt at Syracuse has gradually diminished. 



The salt mines of the Retsof , Livonia and Greigsville companies 

 produce immense quantities of salt for the beef and pork packing 

 industries, and in this respect are not directly competitors of the 

 companies manufacturing salt from brine. About 15 miles 

 south of Syracuse the Solvay Process Company having found 

 rock salt in great quantity, by boring a large number of wells 

 and availing itself of an abundant water supply is, by the aid of 

 gravity, enabled to bring brine in a highly saturated condition 

 to its works at Syracuse through a pipe line. This is the basis 

 of a very large industry in soda ash. The Solvay Company also 

 sells brine for the manufacture of salt. 



In the Genesee valley and near Warsaw and Wyoming are 

 many salt wells. There are others at Ithaca and Watkins. 



A detailed description of the salt and gypsum deposits of New 

 York is given in Bulletin No. 11 of the New York State Museum. 



Gypsum 



Gypsum is quarried in New York on the outcrop of the Salina 

 group in Madison, Onondaga, Cayuga, Ontario, Monroe and 

 Genesee counties. It is chiefly used as a fertilizer in the form of 

 land plaster, though at Oakfield, Genesee county, a factory has 

 been established to utilize the gypsum in the manufacture of wall 

 plaster. ' 



Graphite 



Graphite of excellent quality is obtained near Ticonderoga, the 

 deposit being 'controlled by the Dixon Crucible Company of Jer- 

 sey City. The mineral occurs' in a mica schist and in crystalline 

 limestone. lit is used in the manufacture of pencils, crucibles, 

 lubricants and for a variety of other purposes. 



Quartz 



This material is quarried for pottery at Bedford, Westchester 

 county, and is shipped to Trenton, N. J. White quartzite of 



