M 



PWBHIPHPMBI^BW* 





Vlll 



distinction sake called quarter loopers, and with the same propriety as the last are 

 called half loopers; for they bend their bodies in the form of part of a loop, though 

 not so much as the half loopers do. The legs of this sort are thus placed : 



1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 segments. 

 







The fourth class have likewise fourteen legs, though placed in a different 

 manner, they having no hind holders. 



si 



legs, 



G 

 







8 

 

 





 

 



10 11 12 segments. 

 Slegs. 



The lees of the fifth class are the same with the butterflies, both in situation 

 and in number, which is sixteen, nor has any Lepidopterous caterpillar more. 



The caterpillars producing butterflies are rarely observed to be hairy, some 

 being quite naked, others covered with a short woolly down, something like that 

 upon the peach, the rest are beset with branched spikes, which those of the moth 

 kind never (or but rarely) have; those caterpillars of the fly kind, which may be said 

 to be hairy, have the hair very fine and tender: of those of the moths, some are 

 thickly covered with long hairs, others have very few but those long; some have tufts 

 or tussocks of hair on their back, the rest are quite naked. 



The caterpillars of some of the butterfly kind, when ready for their transforma- 

 tion, hang themselves up by the tail, with their head perpendicularly downward, 

 which are those of the thorny or spiked kind, and another class, of which we have 

 but one species, viz. the Purple Emperor ; with this difference between the two, that 

 the one always chooses the under part of an horizontal plane, such as the ceiling of a 

 room, to hang from ; the other a perpendicular, such as a wall, &c. ; the others fix 

 themselves by the tail, with their heads perpendicularly upward, a silken string going 

 round the middle to support them. It may be observed, that should the caterpillars 

 of the branched kind fasten themselves to change, with a thread round the middle, 

 like the smooth class, they could never get their skin off them, being interrupted by 

 the silk thread ; therefore nature, to avoid that inconvenience, directs them to hang 

 themselves perpendicularly by the tail, that they may be free from every thing which 

 might obstruct them in their time of transformation. 



But perhaps nothing in nature more deserves our consideration and inspection, 

 than the various methods which those of the moth kind take to hide and secure them- 

 selves from danger, while in that helpless and inactive state ; some bury and change 

 in the earth about one finger deep, within a tender web; others form a strong case in 

 the earth, wherein they change to the chrysalis; some spin a case of silk very strong, 

 most of which are nearly in the form of an egg; of this sort there is great variety, 

 differing in form, texture, and colour,— some are long, and small at each end ; others 

 are flat at the ends; some very soft; others so hard as not easily to be cut with a 

 knife ; some change in cases within the bodies of trees ; others folded and spun up in 

 weeds, which float about in ponds on the surface of the water ; some in stalks of 

 plants without any spinning, except that which covers the hole, which they make for 



