44 



ENNYCHIA OCTOMACULATA. THE WHITE SPOT MOTH. 



Plate XXVIL fig. p. 



Synonyms. Geometra Octomaculata, Linn. Mantissa, 540. 



Phalama Atralis, Fabricius. Donov. Brit. Ins. vol. viii. pi. 266. fig. 4. 

 Ennychia Octomaculata, Treitschke. 

 Anania Octomaculata, Hubner, Stephens. 



Upper Side. The antennae are like hairs. The whole moth is black, having ten white 

 spots variously situated, one on each side the thorax, and two on each wing. They are found in 

 woods in May, hut the natural history has not hitherto been discovered. 



Expansion of the wings three-quarters of an inch. 



NEMEOBIUS LUCINA. THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY FRITILLARY BUTTERFLY. 



Plate XXVIL fig. n—o. 



Synonyms. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.) Lucina. Linn. Syst. Nat. ii. 734. Lewin Papil. pi. 15. fig. 5. 6. 



Donovan Brit. Ins. pi. 242. fig. 2. Haworth. 

 Nemeobius Lucina, Stephens Illust. Haust. 1. 29. Duncan Brit. Butt.^l. 12. fig. 1. 



Boisduval Hist. Nat. Ins. Lep. vol. i. pi. 3. a. fig. 3. Larva & Pupa. pi. 2. b. 



fig. 8. imago. 

 Hamelaris Lucina, Hubner. Curtis Brit. Ent. pi. 316. 



Upper Side. This is the smallest of all the fritillarias, and is one of those which want the 

 silver spots. The whole fly is dark hrown, having a n amber of spots of an orange colour in 

 various parts of the wings. 



The under side of the superior wings is paler, having some black spots near the middle. 

 The inferior wings are dark brown, having two rows of pale yellow arch-like spots crossing the 

 wing. The fan edges of all the wings, both on the upper and under side, are bordered with light 

 spots, each like the gothic arch, having a bright speck in the centre of each. They fly in May, 

 in woods. Their natural history had not been discovered in Harris' time. The upper side is 

 seen at (n), and the under at (o). 



Expansion of the wings 1 to I J inch, 



This insect is an exceedingly interesting species as regards the classification of 

 the diurnal Lepidoptera or butterflies, the colours and markings of the wings espe- 

 cially indicating a close relation between it and the other Fritillaries ; but its cater- 

 pillar is onisciform, resembling a wood-louse ; and its chrysalis is short and obtuse, 

 and girt round the middle as well as attached by the tail, as in the Lycsenidse, 

 whereas that of the other species of Fritillaries is simply suspended by the tail. 

 The fore legs of the males alone are rendered useless from their minute size, those 

 of the female being of the ordinary size ; in this respect the insect agrees with the 

 character of the Erycinides, and it is in this tribe that it is accordingly placed by 

 Boisduval. The caterpillar figured by Hubner is of a pale olive-brown colour, with 

 a large black dot on each segment, and with the head and legs dusky red. It feeds 

 on different species of Primula. The perfect insect is not rare in the south of 

 England, but has not been found so far north as Scotland. 



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