69 



approximates the outer cases so closely that they resemble a single horn. It appears 

 to use these inner horns when protruded, as a kind of whip to drive away the flies, 

 especially the Ichneumons, that alight upon its body. When touched in any place 

 it will unsheath one of them, and sometimes both, and with them strike the place 

 where it is incommoded. The cocoon is so hard that it is with difficulty cut with a 

 penknife. The moth however is provided with a powerful secretion, the solvent 

 power of which soon loosens the cohesion of the particles, and renders egress easy. 



An anonymous writer in the Magazine of Natural History (No. 19) has described 

 a remarkable occurrence in the larva of this insect, having observed it to emit a slight 

 electrical discharge for several times. 



MELIT^EA ATHALIA. THE PEARL BORDERED LIKENESS FRITILLARY 



BUTTERFLY. 



Plate XXXVIII. fig. f—g. 



Synonyms. Papilio Athalia, Esper Papil. pi. 47. fig. 1. 



Melitsea Athalia, Ochsenheimer, Stephens. Duncan Brit. Butt. pi. 12. fig. 2. 



Papilio Dictynna, Lewin's Papil. pi. 14. fig. 5. 6. Haworth Lep. Brit. p. 34. 



Papilio Maturna, Fabricius. Wilkes Eng : Moths, pi. 112. Harris's Aurelian, former edit. 



Upper Side. The knobs of the antennae are large. The wings are of a fine orange brown 

 colour, striped and spotted with black. The fringes of the wings are yellow. See the figure 



at (/;. 



The under side of the superior wings is of a pale orange, having a border of seven lunular 

 spots. The inferior wings are bordered with the same. A broad bar crosses the wing, com- 

 posed of long oval spots of yellow, and three or four more spots of the same colour near the body ; 

 the wing is elsewhere dark red. See the figure at (g). They fly in woods about the middle of 

 June, and on heaths. 



The caterpillar is black, and full of spriggy bristles. The chrysalis is black, short, and 

 thick ; and is suspended by the tail. 



Expansion of the wings one inch and three-quarters. , 



The caterpillar is described by Stephens as black and shining, with two white 

 dotted lines on each segment, and white tubercles on the sides; it feeds on the narrow 

 and broad-leaved plantain, and also, according to Wilkes, on the common heath. The 

 butterfly appears at the end of May, and is abundant in some of the southern counties 

 of England, particularly Devonshire. 



PYG^RA BUCEPHALA. THE BUFF TIPP MOTH. 



Plate XXXIX. fig. a—c. 



Synonyms. Phalama (Bomb.) Bucephala, Linn. Syst. Nat. ii. p. 816. Donovan Brit. Ins. 1. pi. 3. 

 Albin's Ins. pi. 23. fig. 33. a—d. Wilkes" Eng. Moths, fyc. pi. 43. 

 Pygeera Bucephala, Ochsenheimer, Stephens. Curtis' Brit. Entomol. pi. 530. Duncan 

 Brit. Moths, pi. 15. fig. 3. 



Upper Side, The thorax is of a pale orange in front, but of a buff colour behind j these 



