Niagara Falls 



1901 Later in the season, one may find the shrubby St. John's 



Day Wort (Hypericum Kalmianum) , and one of the most graceful 



species of Lobelia (L. Kalmii), each rejoicing in a damp situa- 

 tion, and each, quite probably, discovered at the Falls, by 

 Bishop Kalm, nearly a century and a half ago, and introduced 

 by him from that locality to the notice of the botanical world. 

 The name of the discoverer of these interesting plants is worthily 

 commemorated in those which the great Linnaeus bestowed upon 

 them. 



The summer time brings forward many attractive forms — the 

 Grass of Parnassus (Parnassia Caroliniana) , the Painted-Cup 

 (Castilleia coccinea), an occasional lily, an orchid or two, but 

 of no great beauty, the Hare-bell (Campanula rotundifolia) , 

 and a large array of annuals. 



Nor is the autumnal Flora of Goat Island uninteresting. 

 Golden-rods (Solidago sp.), Sun-flowers (Helianthus sp.), 

 Star-flowers (Aster sp.), the Downy Thistle (Cnicus discolor), 

 and, at last, the triumph of October and of the dying year, the 

 shorn Gentian (Gentiana detonsa), its graceful blossoms as blue 

 as the summer skies. 



In the region of the Falls, but not upon Goat Island itself, 

 some plants of great beauty have been detected. Below the 

 Whirlpool, two species of Bluets or Innocence (Houstonia 

 caerulea and H. purpurea) are to be observed, the rare Liatris 

 cylindracea, Apocynum androsaemifolium, the orange-colored 

 Milkweed (Asclepias tuaerosa) , the Fire-lily (Lilium Philadel- 

 phicum), the large, yellow Lady's Slipper (Cypripedium 

 puhescens), the beautiful, low-growing Morning Glory (Con- 

 volvulus spithamaeus) , and wild Roses, as fragrant as beautiful. 



The ferns of Goat Island and the region of the Falls are 

 numerous. Among them may be mentioned: The Ostrich-fern 

 (Onoclea Struthiopteris) , the Sensitive-fern (O. sensiblis), the 

 Royal-fern (Osmunda regalis), the Interrupted-fern (O. inter- 

 rupta), the Cinnamon-fern (O. cinnamomea) t the Bladder-fern 



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