Science, Geology and Physics 



escarpment, which runs east nearly parallel with the shore of 1886 

 Lake Ontario, was formerly much higher than at present; but inc e 

 we have no evidence that it stood 190 feet higher than in our 

 time. The Lewiston escarpment is at present 38 feet above Lake 

 Erie, and could have dammed the lake to that height, at any 

 time before the Niagara gorge was begun. [In chapter on The 

 Floods of the Great Lakes.] 



Woodward, Robert Simpson. List of co-ordinates used and deter- 1886 

 mined in a survey of Niagara Falls, made in . . . 1 886 for the Woodward 

 United States geological survey. (Ann. rep'ts of the com'rs of the state 

 reserv. at Niagara. Albany, 1891, 7:103-116.) 



Woodward, Robert Simpson. On the rate of recession of Niagara 

 Falls as shown by the results of a recent survey. [Abstract.] (Proc. 

 A. A. A. S. Aug., 1886. 35:222-223.) 



The paper consisted of the presentation of the results of a survey 

 of the Falls just completed, and a comparison of its results with the 

 surveys of 1842 and 1875 with accompanying remarks. 



Woodward, Robert Simpson. On the rate of recession of Niagara 

 Falls. (Am. jour, of sci. 1886. 28:383-384.) 



Woodward, Robert Simpson. On the rate of recession of Niagara 

 Falls. (Science, Sept. 3, 1886. 8:205.) 



1887 



CLAYPOLE, E. W. The eccentricity theory of glacial cold versus the 1887 

 facts. (Trans. Edin. Geol. Soc, 1888. 5:534-548.) Claypole 



This paper read at the fifty-fourth session of the society, in November, 

 1887, reviews the evidence pointing to the Niagara gorge as a measure of 

 postglacial time. The author states that " the conclusion is inevitable 

 that at their commencement at Queenstown the crest of the falls was 

 nearly 40 feet above the present level of Lake Erie, and that the total 

 descent between the two lakes was 370 feet instead of the existing 330 

 feet, the whole of which was for a time concentrated in one cataract of 

 that height — increased probably by differential elevation — at the edge 

 of the Silurian escarpment." 



Spencer, Joseph William Winthrop. Age of the Niagara 1887 

 river. (Am nat, March, 1887. 21:269-270.) Spencer 



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