130 MR. H. KYNASTON ON THE [May 1 894, 



arid, as they are traced up towards the upper part of the ravine, they 

 become more sandy, while the fossils gradually disappear. Thus the 

 upper slopes of the Bibereck, above the ravine, consist of tough bluish 

 sandstoues, alternating with sandy micaceous shales and flags, and 

 containing scarcely any organic remains. In the lower part of the 

 Finstergraben Crassatella macrodonta (Sow.) and Cucullcea chiemi- 

 ensis (Giimb.) are very characteristic, besides the other commoner 

 forms ; also Aporrhais (Alarm) costata (Sow.) and Malaptera 

 (Pteroceraz) Haueri (Zek.). 



Farther south-west a fairly deep graben leads up to the Bibereck Alp, 

 and in this we find the unfossiliferous beds, seen above the Finster- 

 graben, well exposed. Alternations of shale with flaggy micaceous 

 beds and bands of tough bluish sandstone are frequent, while the 

 only organic remains are obscure vegetable-fragments, and worm- 

 tracks on the surface of the flaggy and sandy beds. These beds are 

 evidently of a very shallow-water character, but when traced up on 

 to the Bibereck Alp and on to the upper slopes of the Hornspitze, 

 gradually a slightly deeper-water type of deposit is found to pre- 

 dominate, and the sandstones, flags, and sandy shales give place to 

 greyish, red, variegated, fine-grained, and tough marls. Just above 

 the Bibereck Alp this marl system is exposed in a hue cliff-section, 

 which must be at least 300 feet in height ; it forms another cliff just 

 below the top of the Hornspitze, on its eastern side, and is exposed 

 in numerous ravines and gullies in the hills between the Finster- 

 graben and the Zwiesel Alp. 



On the eastern side of the valley the Gosau Beds occupy a much 

 smaller area than they do on the western side. The fossiliferous marls 

 are well exposed in the Hofergraben, almost immediately opposite 

 Gosau village. The succession here resembles on the whole that of 

 the Finstergraben, and is probably on the same horizon. Here also 

 the fossiliferous marls and shales gradually pass up into a series of 

 bluish grey sandstones and sandy micaceous shales, with worm- 

 tracks and ripple-marks. Similar beds are also found in the various 

 small ravines, which cut into the sides of the hills between the 

 Hofergraben and Gosau Schmidt. Close to the top of the Bessenberg 

 thick beds of the bluish-grey sandstone predominate, and are 

 quarried at the Schleifsteinbriiche for whetstones and grind- 

 stones. 1 Apparently the great system of grey and red marls of the 

 Hornspitze, the Hennarkogl, and the Zwiesel Alp is not present on 

 the eastern side of the valley, though the sandstone-and-sandy shale 

 system, with worm-tracks and ripple-marks, is better developed on 

 this side, and possibly its upper portion may represent part of the 

 red-and-grey marl series. 



We are now in a position to construct a complete classificatojy 

 table of the Gosau series as exposed in the Gosauthal and the Buss- 



1 Sedgwick and Murebison, Trans. Gteol. Soc. 2nd ser. vol. iii. pt. ii. (1832) 

 p. 3o8; Reu6s, Denkschril't. d. kaiserl. Akad. Wissensch. Wien, vol. vii. (1854) 

 pp. 27, 28. 



