556 MR. D. DRAPER ON THE GEOLOGY" [Nov. 1 894, 



contains several beds of gold-bearing conglomerate, practically 

 identical with the gold-beariug conglomerates of Johannesburg. 



These Zululand conglomerates are being worked for gold, and will 

 in all probability yield good returns. 



I have found no trace of the quartzites mentioned by previous 

 writers as overlying the Table-mountain Sandstone in Cape Colony. 

 If these quartzites do occur in South-eastern Africa, they have not 

 yet been recognized by anyone who has examined the strata in 

 this region. 1 



The Table-mountain Sandstone rests uneonformably upon the 

 underlying schists. 



(9) Malmesbury Schists. 



This series, which consists of schists, slates, shales, and small beds 

 of quartzite, tilted to a very high angle, and very much contorted 

 and crumpled, is found principally flanking the granite hills along 

 the coast-line and in the deeper valleys of the Tugela, PongoJo, 

 Umkuze, and other rivers. It occupies a large area in Swaziland 

 and Northern Zululand. 



Gneiss and granite are exposed in the deeper valleys ; and occa- 

 sionally, as at Bothas Hill, near Durban, they make small eminences. 



The weathering of the Primary rocks, generally into small rounded 

 hills, with narrow and precipitous valleys between, shows a marked 

 contrast with the crag-crowned hills and broad valleys of all the later 

 sedimentary series. 



The Malmesbury Schists (Dunn) are identical with the ' Swazi 

 Schists ' of Dr. Schenck, and the Lydenburg Schists and Namaqua- 

 land Schists of Mr. E. J. Dunn. 



III. Conclusion. 



From the foregoing brief description of the occurrence of the 

 rocks in South-eastern Africa several considerations arise, which are 

 likely to disturb the theories of the earlier geologists with regard to 

 certain phenomena which they imagined had taken place during 

 the deposition of the sedimentary rocks of the southern portion of 

 the continent. 



The theory of the late Mr. A. G. Bain, subsequently endorsed by 

 Mr. E. J. Dunn, as to the supposed great central lake-basin of 

 the Karoo, can scarcely be maintained in face of the fact that the 

 Molteno Beds occur on the east coast, dipping seaward into the 

 Indian Ocean, and at a level 4000 feet below their occurrence 

 inland. This denotes the extension of the Molteno Beds far 

 beyond the limits of the continent as at present outlined. 



No doubt the Molteno Beds covered a far greater area in all 

 directions before the great fault occurred, which lowered them 

 along the coast-line, and which, in all probability, denned the shores 



1 [The quartzites of the Gats Eand may be equivalent. — T. E. J.] 



