Vol. 50.] OF SOUTH-EASTERN AFRICA. 559 



rocks, which generally exist near these pans ; but there are no signs 

 of any rounded pebbles, nor any moraine-material, such as would 

 denote the previous glaciation of the area in which they occur. 



IV. Supplemental Notes on the Dwyka Conglomerate. 



Before closing this paper I wish to place on record a few facts 

 with regard to the Dwyka Conglomerate, which will perhaps tend 

 towards proving that it is not a glacial deposit, similar to the 

 Boulder-clay of Europe and America. 



lstly. It is undoubtedly stratified. 



The following is a section observed by me at the farm ' Alpha,' 

 about 12 miles east of the town of Vryheid (Zululand) : — 



Molteno Beds at the top. 



Beaufort Beds. 1 m f 



Jlcca Beds. J 



— Distinct line of division. — Feet. 



f Shaiy. Fragments isolated and few 4~] 



Hard Rook. Fragments large and numerous 10 



Hard Bock. Stratified; fragments in layers 20 | 



Hard Bock. Stratified; without fragments 4 1 



Grey Shaky Rock. Fragments numerous 3\ 



Grey Indurated Shale. No fragments 5 I 



Grey Indurated Shale. Fragments numerous and of 



medium size 6 )■ 138 feet. 



Blue Laminated Shale. No fragments 40 



Blue Indurated Rock. Fragments large and numerous . 10 

 Blue Indurated Rock. Numerous small fragments in 



lines and layers 20 



Grey Shale with wavy laminations. Without fragments. 6 

 Blue Hard Rock. Fragments numerous and of medium 



size 10^ 



Blue Hard Rock. Fragments clustered together, and 



of medium size : thickness undetermined. 



This section scarcely conveys the impression of a Boulder-clay. 

 The fragments of older rocks included in the Dwyka Conglomerate 

 consist principally of granitic rocks, also quartzites, shales, schists, 

 and other rocks derived from the Af almesbury and Basement series, 

 and numerous fragments of conglomerate ('banket') — similar to 

 that now being worked for gold at Johannesburg, derived from the 

 Table-mountain series. The fragments are all more or less rounded, 

 but rarely quite round or oval in shape. As previously mentioned, 

 I failed to find any trace of ice-scratching on any of the fragments 

 of older rock in the Dwyka Conglomerate. 



2ndly. The Dwyka Conglomerate thins out rapidly northward 

 against the older rocks. If it had been a glacial deposit derived 

 from the high land of the central portion of South Africa, the 

 deposit would have been thickest near that paxt of the mountains 

 from which it descended. The contrary is the case, however ; it 

 thickens away from them. 



3rdly. The general horizontality of the beds is evidence against 

 any glacial theory. 



4thly and finally. The matrix, when microscopically examined, 



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