16 



Beside the stone implements, there were found many stones of irregular shape, 

 but showing no marks of an artificial character. There were also found a few 

 flat pieces of rock, having conical shaped holes bored into the flat sides. There- 

 was no evidence of design in the way the holes were arranged on the rock, nor 

 did it appear that any attempt had been made to bore through the rock. These 

 holes were IS to 20 mm. in diameter, and 9 to 11 mm. deep. A fragment of a 

 stone bowl with a heav}' rim, 70 mm. thick in its widest part, and having a 

 comparatively thin bottom was found in the deposits. The marks of wear on 

 the inner surface, show that the fragment probably formed part of a mortar. 



Two very sj-mmetrically rounded stones were also found, but it was difficult 

 to determine whether they had been rouuded artificialby, or not. 



Large fragments of pumice were not uncommon in the mounds. 



Implements of precisely the same character have been found in a number of 

 the Tokio deposits. 



REMAINS OF ANIMALS. 



A great many bones of wild animals were found, mixed with the shells compos- 

 ing the deposits. These were all broken or split irregularly, and in this frag- 

 mentary condition it is difficult to identify them. 



The remains of the following animals have thus far been recognized, : — Man, 

 Monkej', Deer, Wild Boar, Wolf and Dog. 



The bones of the Deer and Wild Boar are most numerous. 



A few fragments of the vertebrte of a large cetacean, and also fragments of 

 the ribs of a large Tortoise were fouud. 



A few bones of the smaller mammals and birds, and manj" bones of fishes 

 also occur, but their species have not yet been identified. 



The antlers of the Deer are remarkable for their proportions, and the skulls of 

 the Wild Boar indicate creatures of the largest size. 



In ancient deposits in other parts of the world, the same difference in size and 

 solidity of the bones, as compared to similar bones of recent species, have been 

 noticed. 



Beside the remains of the Japanese monkey, Macacus, I have detected the 

 right lower jaw of what may prove to be a large baboon-like ape. It is certain- 

 ly unlike anything found in Japan to-day. It may possibly be Cj'nopithicus, 

 a species of which is found in the Philippine Islands and Celebes. 



That this species existed in Japan duriug the historical period is not impro- 

 bable, as the Japauese have long been familiar with accounts of monstrous apes, 

 though the more intelligent among them have regarded these stories as mythical. 



Mr. Ninagawa, the distinguished antiquarian, informs me that seven hundred 

 j cars ago it was reported that a curious monster, supposed to be a large mou- 



