9UQ 



LIS 



THE 

 LONDON, EDINBURGH, and DUBLIN 



PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE 



AND 



JOURNAL OF SCIENCE. 



CONDUCTED BY 



SIR ROBERT KANE, LL.D. F.R.S. M.R.I.A. F.C.S. 

 SIR WILLIAM THOMSON, Knt. LL.D. F.R.S. &c. 



AND 



WILLIAM FRANCIS, Ph.D. F.L.S. F.R.A.S. F.C.S. 



" Nee aranearum sane textus ideo melior quia ex se fila gignunt, nee noster 

 vilior quia ex alienis libamus ut apes." Just. Lips. Polit. lib. i. cap. 1. Not. 



VOL. XV.— FIFTH 

 JANUARY—JUNE 1883 



SERIES. ^(/A/<^ 

 - J 



n 1 QQQ \ - 



LONDON: 

 TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET. 



SOLD BY LONGMANS, GREEN, READER, AND DYER ; KENT AND CO. ; SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, 



AND CO. ; AND WIIITTAKER AND CO. ; AND BY ADAM AND CHARLES BLACK, 



AND THOMAS CLARK, EDINBURGH ; SMITH AND SON, GLASGOW J — 



HODGES, FOSTER, AND CO., DUBLIN; — PUTNAM, NEW 



YOUK; — AND ASUER AND CO., BE3LIN. 



