A Glossary of Terms Used in Letters by USDA Scientists 



in Referring to the Pests and Diseases Found on the 



Cherry Trees Sent From Japan in 1909 



Anisolabis annulipes: An earwig. 



Aspidiotus perniciosus: See Quadraspidiotus perniciosus. 



Bagworms: The larva of several moths (Family Psychidae) that in the 

 larval stage develops bags made of silk, bits of leaves and twigs, for 

 protection. 



Black Thrips: Any of several very small, fringed-wing insects of the order 

 (Thysanoptera) that feed on plant juices. 



Borer: Insects that in the larval or adult stages bore into the bark or 

 woody parts of plants. 



Canker-worm: Any moth of the family (Geometridae) that in the larval 

 stage moves by arching the center of the body. Since the canker- 

 worm feeds on fruit and foliage, it is especially harmful to orchard 

 trees. 



Chinese Diapsis: See Pseudaulacaspis pentagona. 



Chrysalis: The pupa of a butterfly; intermediate form of the insects 

 between the larval and adult stages. 



Cnidocampa flavescens: A Cochleiid, see below. 



Cochleiid: A term used for Cochlidiiade, a family of attractively colored 

 moths that in the larval stage is sluglike and sometimes has ven- 

 omous spines. 



Cremastogaster sp.: See Crematogaster sp. 



Crematogaster sp.: A shiny black species of small ants that walk with the 

 pointed abdomen turned up over the body. 



Crown Gall: A bacterial disease causing tumorlike growths to form at the 

 crowns or on the roots or branches of various woody and herba- 

 ceous plants. 



Diapsis pentagons. No longer a valid name for the scale insect commonly 

 called Chinese Diapsis. See Pseudaulacaspis pentagona. 



Forficulid: A name for the typical genus of the earwig family (For- 

 ficulidae). 



Heterodera radiciola: A nematode or eelworm known to be in Europe 

 and England for over 100 years. Although included in the report on 

 pests found in the shipment of cherry trees in 1909, nematodes were 

 already in the United States when these trees arrived from Japan. It 

 is not clear today which nematode was identified as Heterodera radi- 

 ciola in 1909. 



Insect Diseases: This phrase should read insect pests. 



Lepidopterous Moth: The name applied to a brightly colored moth that 

 has membranous wings covered with very fine scales. In the larval 

 stage it is harmful to plants. 



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