the Paraffins and their Derivatives. 215 



Carbols, Carbinols Proper, or Tertiary Alcohols. 



Tertiary Butyl alcohol, or Trimethyl carbinol. B.P. 82 0, 5. 



'OH. ' 



C4H9 



JO HO.ci 



J CH, 



Tertiary Pentyl alcohol, or Ethyl-dimethyl carbinol. B.P. 98 0, 5. 



C 2 H g 



C6 S"lo ho.cJo 



11 J (CH 3 



In the above Tables the first column shows the condensed 

 formulae of the several 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-carbon alcohols as 

 water-type derivatives, and the second column their formulae 

 as paraffin derivatives. In the third column, a few of these 

 last formulae are set out in a slightly more elaborated form ; 

 and those of the primary alcohols thereby adapted to Kolbe's 

 system of names, which, however, appear of less advantage as 

 applied to this class of primary than as applied to either of 

 the other two classes of alcohols. 



The system of alcohol notation employed in these Tables has 

 the advantage of manifesting clearly the relationship of the 

 paraffin alcohols in general to their associated paraffins and to 

 the oJefins and olefin alcohols, also the relationship of the 

 primary alcohols to their associated aldehyds and fatty acids, 

 and of the secondary alcohols to their associated ketones, and, 

 lastly, the relationship of the alcohols in genera! to their asso- 

 ciated glycols, glycerines, and erythrites, &c. Its adaptability 

 to the fatty acids corresponding to the several primary alco- 

 hols, whether derived from normal, iso-, or neoparaffins, &c, 

 is illustrated below. The three recognized 5-carbon acids, 

 for instance, may be designated and formulated as follows, 

 the normal acid being further capable of formulation as 



MoSf and H 6 C 3 {g>f,&c 



Pentoic or Methyl-butyric Acid. 

 C 6 H 10 O 2 C 4 (CH 3 )H 6 .0 2 H HsCJJ^; 00211 . 



IsopentoiCj or Valeric, or Dimethyl-propionic Acid. 

 C 5 Hf„0 2 C 3 (CH 3 ) 2 H 3 .0 2 H Hc{$^°' H . 



Neopentoic or Trimethyl-acetic Acid.. 



C 6 H?„0 2 C 2 (CH 3 ) 3 .0 2 H c{(ob5 3 - 



