216 Mr. W. Odling on the Formulation of 



As regards the choice of distinctive names, indicative of 

 the modes of origin and transformation of the different iso- 

 meric acids, those chemists who employ Kolbe's system of 

 nomenclature in the case of the primary alcohols will naturally 

 prefer to use some corresponding terms for their associated 

 acids, and, calling the alcohol butyl-carbinol or -methol, for 

 instance, would call the associated acid butyl-oxatyl or deri- 

 vatively as butyl-formic acid, thus : — 



Butyl 



Isobutyl 



Katabutyl 



•carbinols . (HO)H 2 C.C 4 H 7 



(HO)H 2 C.C 4 B? 



(HO)H 2 C.C 4 HJ 



■formic acids HO2CC4EL7 



H0 2 C.C 4 H£ 



HO a C.C 4 HJ 



Other chemists, again, paying special regard to the consti- 

 tuent residues of the different acids, will prefer to designate 

 the three 5-carbon acids, for instance, as ethyl-propionic, 

 pseudopropyl-acetic, and katabutyl-formic acids respectively. 

 Altogether, however, the names which call to mind that the 

 normal, iso-, and neo-acids are mono-, di-, and trimethyl &c. 

 derivatives would seem to be most advantageous. The rela- 

 tionship to one another of the different seriations of names is 

 shown below : — 



Wormed) Iso-, and Neo-pentoic Acids, C 5 H 10 2 . 



Nor. Methyl-butyric. Ethyl-propionic Propyl-acetic Butyl-formic 



Iso- Dimethyl-propionic. Pseudoprop-acetic Isob"utyl-formic 



Neo- Trimetkyl-acetic. Katabutyl-formi 



The simplest term of the iso-series is derivable from the 

 secondary alcohol or pseudol of the next preceding lower 

 carbon group, and the simplest term of the neo-series from 

 the tertiary alcohol or carbinol of its next preceding lower 

 carbon group, — in each case by an indirect substitution of 

 oxatyl for hydroxyl, thus : — 



Normal Propionic or Methyl-acetic Acid. 

 H2C {cH 3 H or H0 2 C.H 2 O.CH 3 from (HO)H 2 C.CH 3 . 



Isobutyric or Dimethyl-acetic Acid. 



f CO IT 

 HC j (Q-g^ 2 or H0 2 C.HC(CH 3 ) 2 from (HO)HC(CH 3 ) 2 . 



Neopentoic or TrimethyUacetic Acid. 

 ( CO TT 

 C {(CH 3 ) 3 or H0 2 C.C(CH 3 ) 3 from (H0)C(CH 3 ) 3 . 



