330 Geological Society. 



above the Triassic red marl, to which their stratification is parallel. 

 The lowest bed is a light-coloured sandy marl about 17 feet thick, 

 traversed by three or four courses of harder, whiter stone, and con- 

 taining crj'stals of selenite, pseudomorphs of salt, and numerous 

 small fish-scales. A single insect-wing was obtained from it. This 

 bed extends across the valley of the Willow Brook, and forms tr e 

 base of Crown Hill. Above it comes the Bone-bed, from 2 to 3 

 inches thick, containing numerous small teeth, bones, and scales of 

 fishes and Saurians, including large vertebrae of Ichthyosaurus, ribs 

 probably of Plesiosaurus, and some bones of Labyrinthodont cha- 

 racter. Two species of Axinus also occur. The Bone-bed is followed 

 by about 2\ feet of coarse black shales, overlain by a very thin band 

 of hard reddish sandstone, with casts of Axinus, and this by about 

 2 feet of finely laminated black shales containing Cardium rhadicum, 

 Avicula contorta, and a Starfish (Ophiolepis Damesii). Above these 

 come about 5 feet of shales with sandy partings, the lower foot 

 rather dark and containing Avicula contorta, Cardium rhaiticum, 

 Ostrea liassica, and a new Pholidop>horus ; the remainder light- 

 coloured, but with the same shells. The topmost bed in the section 

 is a band of nodular limestone inches thick. The same sequence 

 is observed in Crown Hill. There are indications of the existence 

 of a second nodular limestone and of beds of light-coloured clay and 

 sand, but obscured by drift, in which, however, blocks of limestone 

 occur with Monotis decussata and Anoplophora muscidoides. The 

 author indicates other localities where traces of the llhaetic beds are 

 to be seen, and states that wherever the true junction of the Trias 

 and Lias is exposed the Rhaetics appear to be invariably present. 

 The paper also included some particulars with regard to borings in 

 the Trias near Leicester. 



4. " Haamatite in the Silurians." By J. D. Kendall, Esq., F.G.S. 



The author referred to a former paper, in which he showed that the 

 direction of the haematite deposits in the Carboniferous Limestone of 

 Cumberland and Lancashire is parallel to that of the meridional 

 divisional planes, or nearly north and south ; while the deposits in 

 the Silurians are in two directions, some parallel to one set of 

 divisional planes and some to the other. In the present paper he 

 describes a deposit of haematite at Water Blean, in the parish of 

 Millom in Cumberland, in Coniston Limestone, which appears to be 

 altogether unlike those referred to in his former paper. The Silu- 

 rians here are all conformable, with a strike about 65° N.E. and 

 S.W. and a dip of about 80° to N.W. ; but their order is inverted. 

 The haematite occurs in the Coniston Limestone in the form of short 

 veins, varying in width from a few inches to 9 feet, running in the 

 direction of the strike, and having the same dip as the limestone, 

 their deposition having taken place along the bed-joints of the rock. 

 The author accounts for this difference in the deposits by the fact 

 that in the Coniston Limestone at Water Blean the bed-joints 

 are much more persistent than the divisional planes, which are 

 very irregular and not at all so strong and open as the bed- 

 joints. 



